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K Enomoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Enomoto.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of angiogenic factors and tumor angiogenesis in superficial bladder cancer].

PURPOSE: We evaluated expression of angiogenic factors, tumor vessel density and recurrence in superficial bladder cancer by immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Fourty tumor specimens from bladder preserving operation and 11 normal epithelia were stained for factor VIII-related antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF). Maximum vessel density (MVD) was counted in a 200x field in the highest vascularized area stained for factor VIII. Superimposing a 4 x 4 square ocular grid on the boundary between epithelium and interstitium, average vessel density (AVD) and vascular surface density (VSD) were calculated by dividing the vessel number in the grid and the intersection number of vessel walls on the lattice lines by the area of interstitium calculated from the number of the gird cross points, respectively. RESULTS: Positive rates of VEGF, bFGF and aFGF by immunohistochemistry were 50%, 23% and 43% in the superficial bladder cancer, respectively. The positive rate of VEGF staining was higher in G2-3 tumors than in G1 tumors. All normal epithelia, except one which was positive for aFGF, was negative for those three factors. T1 tumors had a higher MVD than that of Ta. AVD and VSD of the tumor were higher than those of normal epithelium, but negative correlation between the number of positive angiogenic factors and the vessel density was revealed. The recurrence group had a lower vessel density and a higher ratio of VSD/AVD than those of the non-recurrence group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the expression of VEGF, bFGF and aFGF was not reflected by the tumor angiogenesis, the angiogenesis is required topically at the invasive front of the superficial bladder cancer, and the tumor which had fewer and broader tumor vessels has a high tendency to recur.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Phase I study of TAT-59 (a new antiestrogen) in breast cancer. TAT-59 Study Group].

Phase I study of TAT-59 (Miproxifen), an antiestrogen developed in Japan for breast cancer, was conducted with the collaboration of 12 hospitals. A single dose of 1.25, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg, or 5 consecutive daily doses of 1.25, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/day, were given orally. After single dosing, no clinical adverse effects were found. Decrease of serum Na, Cl, Ca level and increase of serum LDH level were observed in one patient after a single dose of 5 mg of TAT. An increase in the serum LDH level was also observed in one patient after a single dose in the of 10 mg of TAT. An increase in the serum LDH level and total bilirubin, increase of eosinophil, K and milky serum were also observed in one patient after a single dose of 40 mg of TAT, respectively. All of these abnormal values returned to the normal level within 26 days after final administration of TAT. No adverse clinical findings nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed after consecutive administration of TAT. After postprandial single dosing, the time to reach the maximum serum concentration (Tmax) of DP-TAT, dephosphorylated metabolite of TAT, and its demethylated metabolite, DMDP, ranged from 5.0 to 7.3 hr and from 17.0 to 42.8 hr, respectively. The maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and AUC of DP and DMDP elevated in a dose-dependent manner. T1/2 of DP and DMDP ranged from 24.2 to 41.5, and from 91.9 to 214.7 hr, respectively. There were no significant differences between pharmacokinetics of TAT before and after food intake. Based on the above results, we concluded that a Phase II study should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety and optimal dose of TAT.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of clinical utility of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy in the localization of thyroid, breast and lung/mediastinum tumors--a report of multicenter phase III clinical trials].

Phase III clinical study in 136 patients diagnosed or strongly suspected of thyroid, lung/mediastinum or breast cancer was performed to determine clinical utility of 99mTc-MIBI in the localization of tumors, and the results in 135 were evaluated. Except taste peculiar in 43 patients and nausea in one, no adverse events were reported. Seven abnormal changes in vital signs and 27 in clinical laboratories were noted, which were all judged as having no or unlikely relationship to the agent. Out of 177 malignant lesions, 156 (88%) were detected with 99mTc-MIBI regardless of their histology or location. Of 6 benign tumors, 3 were detected. Fifteen sites of false positive in 11 malignant tumor patients and 5 sites in 6 patients with non-tumor disease were observed. Our study indicates that 99mTc-MIBI is a safe and excellent agent for the localization of tumors. Especially, the fact that 99mTc-MIBI detected remote metastatic lesions with high sensitivity is a great advantage over the other conventional imaging modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Molecular Targeting for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expressed on Breast Cancer Cells by Human Fusion Protein.

Recombinant human ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1) was chemically linked to recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF). The cytotoxicity of this conjugate was assayed using MTT assay. The EGF-RNase conjugate showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity against breast and squamous cell carcinomas overexpressing the EGF receptor (EGFR). The cytotoxicity of the conjugate correlated positively with the level of EGFR expression by each cell line. These results suggest that the EGF-RNase conjugate is a more effective anticancer agent with less immunogenicity and toxicity than conventional chimeric breast cancer toxins.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

The Role of Contrast-Enhanced High Resolution MRI in the Surgical Planning of Breast Cancer.

The role of contrast-enhanced high resolution MRI for planning surgery in breast cancer was evaluated. Of 72 patients examined, 57 patients had invasive ductal carcinoma, 2 had mucinous carcinoma, 1 had medullary carcinoma, 7 had invasive lobular carcinoma, 2 had ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 3 had Paget's disease. A 1.5 T Signa imager (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) was used with a dedicated breast coil. The pulse sequence based on RARE(rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement) was used with a fat suppression technique. After examining both breasts, the affected breast alone was examined with Gd enhancement. Linear and/or spotty enhancement on MRI was considered to suggest DCIS or intraductal spread in the area surrounding the invasive cancer. Of 72 patients, 50 showed linear and/or spotty enhancement on MRI and 41 of those 50 patients had DCIS or intraductal spread. In contrast, 22 of 72 patients were considered to have little or no intraductal spread on MRI and 17 of the 22 patients had no or little intraductal spread on pathological examination. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detecting intraductal spread on MRI were 89%, 82% and 81%, respectively. Discrepancies in the estimated extent of intraductal spread were less than 2 cm in 90% of the patients according to pathological mapping. High resolution MRI was considered useful in detecting intraductal spread and in estimating its extent, however, larger study using precise correlation with pathology is necessary.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Meta-Analysis of the Second Collaborative Study of Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer (ACETBC) in Patients with Stage II, Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

The second 5-year study of postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with breast cancer between 1985 and 1988 was performed by the Study Group for Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Canecr (ACETBC). This report describes the results of a meta-analysis of the outcome. A total of 3012 patients with stage II, estrogen-receptor-positive primary breast cancer who underwent radical surgery (total mastectomy with at least axillary dissection) were eligible for the analyses. On the day of surgery, all patients received 13 mg/m(2) of mitomycin C (MMC) intravenously. Patients were then given one of two adjuvant chemoendocrine therapies for 2 years:regimen A, consisting of tamoxifen citrate (TAM) 30 mg/day, or regimen B, consisting of TAM 30 mg/day plus tegafur (Futraful, FT)600 mg/day. The results from all eligible patients were included in a meta-analysis according to the method of Peto et al. The odds reduction rate was 12 +/-13% (log-rank test, P= 0.35)for the 5-year survival rate and 16 +/- 10% (log-rank test, P=0.093)for the 5-year non-recurrence rate. In terms of the 5-year non-recurrence rate. regimen B(with FT)yielded slightly, but not significantly, better results than regimen A. In addition, stratified analyses were carried out with respect to the 5-year non-recurrence rate. Regimen B(with FT)yielded significantly better results than regimen A in patients with four or more positive axillary nodes (log-rank test, P= 0.039) and yielded slightly, but not significantly, better results than regimen A in premenopausal patients (log-rank test, P= 0.079).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Efficacy of Post-operative Adjuvant Therapy for Stage IIIa Berast Cancer: Futraful vs Futraful+Tamoxifen for ER-positive Patients and Futraful vs Futraful+Adriamycin for ER-negative Breast Cancer.

A multi-center, randomized controlled collaborative study was conducted in 310 institutions located thruoughout Japan for 3 years and 9 months from February 1985 until October 1988 to evaluate the efficacy of post-operative adjuvant therapy for patients who had previously undergone curative surgery for treatment of Stage III a breast cancer. Patients with estrogen receptor-positive [ ER(+)] breast cancer were treated with two types of regimens, ie, cyclophosphamide+adriamycin+fluorouracil (CAF; 2 cycles) +Futraful(FT) or CAF (2 cycles+FT+tamoxifen (TAM), and the clinical benefit of additional use of TAM was evaluated. Of the 509 ER(+) patients registered for the trial, 473 patients (92.9%) were eligible for evaluation.The 5-year survival rate was 77.2% for the CAF+FT group and 74.6% for the CAF+FT+TAM group, and the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 56.7% for the CAF+FT group and 59.2% for the CAF+FT+TAM group. Neither the survival rate nor the disease-free survival rate differed significantly between the groups. Analyses by factor revealed that the 5-year disease-free rate for lymph node-negative patients in the CAF+FT+TAM group was significantly higher than that for the corresponding patients in the CAF+FT group. No differences were noted in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two treatment groups, other than an increase in LDH (the frequency of which was higher in the CAF+FT+TAM group than in the CAF+FT group). Patients with estrogen receptor-negative [ ER(-)]breast cancer were treated with two types of regimens, ie, CAF+FT or CAF+FT+adriamycin(ADR), and the clinical benefit of the combined use of intermittent doses of ADR was evaluated. Of the 514 ER(-) patients registered in the trial, 478(93.0%) were eligible for evaluation. The 5-year survival rate was 64.9% for the CAF+FT group and 63.0% for the CAF+FT+ADR group, and the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 59.2% for both CAF+FT and CAF+FT+ADR groups. Neither the survival rate nor the disease-free survival rate differed significantly between the groups. There were no significant differences between these groups in analyses by nodal or menopausal status. The incidences of adverse reactions including anorexia, nausea/vomiting and alopecia were higher in the CAF+FT+ADR group than in the CAF+FT group.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Translocation (8;12;21)(q22.1;q24.1;q22.1): a new masked type of t(8;21)(q22;q22) in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia.

The translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22) is found in 40% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) designated as the subtype M2 in the French-American-British (FAB) classification. The 8;21 translocation is clinically of interest because patients with this subtype have a good prognosis. We describe a masked type of the translocation, t(8;12;21)(q22.1;q24.1;q22.1). The translocation was first interpreted as t(8;12)(q22;q24) based on cytogenetics, but was reevaluated as a result of Southern blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Frozen-section-guided breast-conserving surgery: implications of diagnosis by frozen section as a guide to determining the extent of resection.

This study was conducted to analyze retrospectively the results of performing sector resection on 56 breasts in 54 patients with breast cancer. The glands were resected with a 2-cm tumor-free margin on both lateral sides and the distal side, and with more than a 3-cm tumor-free margin on the nipple side. The frequency of positive resection margins for the cancer cells was 7/56 (12.5%) on the nipple side and 12/46 (26.1%) on the lateral sides, with an overall frequency of 15/56 (26.8%). There were positive resected margins for cancer cells on both the nipple and lateral sides in 4/46 patients (9%). Assuming the equivocal margins were positive for cancer cells, an accurate diagnosis by frozen section examination was made in 51 of the 56 operations (91.1%). Additional resection of the margins was performed in all 20 cases of a positive resected margin for cancer cells according to the diagnosis by frozen section. Thereafter, the resected margins became negative in 13 cases (65%), but remained positive in 7 cases (35%). These results show that performing diagnosis by frozen section of the surgical margins is an effective guide to resecting tumors adequately.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Bronchiolitis obliterans with pemphigus vulgaris and Castleman's disease of hyaline-vascular type: an autopsy case analyzed by computer-aided 3-D reconstruction of the airway lesions.

We have experienced an autopsy case of a 20-year-old woman with bronchiolitis obliterans, pemphigus vulgaris, and Castleman's disease. The affected bronchioles showed almost the same histology as previously described. But, the number of the lesions seemed too small to cause her death of respiratory insufficiency. We also wondered whether or not some normal routes to the peripheral pulmonary tissues remained. After reviewing many histological sections from both lungs, one tissue block was chosen to make semiserial sections, and computer-aided three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction analysis was performed. The 3-D reconstruction clearly showed two points: (1) Obstructive lesions developed within very narrow segments of bronchioles (0.4 to 0.7 mm in diameter; restricted to two to three generations) sparing terminal and respiratory bronchioles. This could explain the paucity of bronchiolar lesions that appeared on random sections; (2) All the affected bronchioles showed a high degree (up to 80-90%) of luminal stenosis. No intact routes to the periphery were left. Thus, respiratory insufficiency in this case became quite understandable.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Lombard reflex during PAG-induced vocalization in decerebrate cats.

The Lombard reflex occurs when a speaker increases his vocal effort while speaking in the presence of ambient noise. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the Lombard reflex can be evoked during controlled vocalization in an animal model. In decerebrate cats, repetitive electrical stimulation was applied to the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) to evoke vocalization. Pure tone auditory stimulation was delivered through a loudspeaker. The activities of the laryngeal adductor muscle, diaphragm and external oblique abdominal muscle and the voice intensity were measured during PAG stimulation, in the presence and absence of the auditory stimulation. To clarify the effects of the auditory laryngeal reflex on the activity of laryngeal adductor motoneurons, the amplitude of the laryngeal reflex evoked by single shock stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve was also measured during respiration, in the presence and absence of auditory stimulation. The sound made by the cats due to PAG-induced vocalization was augmented by exposure to auditory stimulation, and the activities of the laryngeal adductor muscle and external oblique abdominal muscle were also augmented. During respiration, auditory stimulation also increased the amplitude of the laryngeal reflex evoked in the laryngeal adductor muscle. These results demonstrate that the essential neuronal mechanisms for evoking the Lombard reflex exist within the brainstem.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1997

Influence of estrogen metabolism on proliferation of human breast cancer.

In order to investigate the influence of estrogen metabolism on human breast cancer, estradiol 2- and 16 alpha-hydroxylase (2- and 16 alpha-OHase) activities were determined in the microsomal fractions of cancer tissues by using reverse phase HPLC. 2-OHase activity was detected in most cancer tissues and noncancerous tissues, but the activity was significantly lower in cancer tissues than in the paired noncancerous tissues (0.01 < p < 0.02). Interestingly the patients without lymph node metastasis had significantly higher 2-OHase activity in cancer tissues than those with lymph node metastasis (0.02 < p < 0.05). No correlation was observed between ER status and 2-OHase activity in cancer tissues. On the other hand, 16 alpha-OHase activity was detected only in one third of the breast cancer tissues examined. The activity was not significantly different from that in noncancerous tissues, although it was relatively higher in ER-positive cancer tissues when compared with that in ER-negative ones (0.05 < p < 0.1). Estrone sulfatase activity measured simultaneously in the cytosol fractions of some specimens was much higher in cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues (0.02 < p < 0.05). We found, however, no correlation between estrone sulfatase activity and estradiol hydroxylase activity. Taken together, our results suggest that the increase in 2-OHase activity prevents the proliferation of breast cancer and that estradiol metabolism is regulated independently of the local biosynthesis of estrogen.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases↗
PubMed1997

[Unilateral multiple tumorous lesions of the parotid gland].

Multifocal tumors within the same parotid gland are very rare. We treated 13 patients with multiple tumorous lesions within the unilateral parotid gland. We evaluated the multiple nodules by CT-sialography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These imagings showed clearly two or more distinct nodular-appearing lesions. Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (6 patients) was predominant, followed by Whartin's tumor (3 patients). The other lesions were two differential parenchymal tumors (polymorphous low grade adenoma/adenoma) within the same gland, a malignant lymphoma, a squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to the gland, and a tuberculous lesion. On palpitation, 9 of the patients had an unilateral tumor, one a palpable parotid mass in the gland, and the other four had two or more tumors in the unilateral gland. The patients with intra-parotid lymph node and metastatic lesions had extra-parotid cervical adenopathy. The clinical features and the differential diagnosis of the unilateral multiple tumorous lesions of the parotid gland are discussed.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1997

[The use of high resolution MR imaging for pre-treatment evaluation of breast cancer: detection of intraductal spread].

Thirty-two patients were examined in order to evaluate the role of high-resolution MRI in the treatment planning of breast cancer. A 1.5T Signa imager (GE Medical Systems) was used with dedicated receive-only breast coil. The pulse sequence based on RARE was used with the fat-suppression technique. After examining both breasts with larger FOV (30 cm), the affected breast alone was examined with smaller FOV (18 cm) and larger matrix (512 x 384) with Gd enhancement. Breast cancer showed more prominent and earlier enhancement compared with normal breast tissue. Linear or spotty continuous enhancement from the main tumor was considered to be suggestive of intraductal spread. Of 32 patients, 20 showed linear or spotty enhancement around the main tumor on MRI, and 15 of these 20 had intraductal spread. On the other hand, 12 out of 32 patients were considered to have little intraductal spread on MRI, and these findings corresponded to the pathological findings. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of detecting intraductal spread were 88%, 75% and 78%, respectively. In order to evaluate the extent of intraductal spread, further study using more precise correlation with pathology is necessary. High-resolution MRI was also considered to be useful for evaluating the presence of multifocal or multicentric focies or muscle invasion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Application of diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging for diagnosis of small acute and subacute brain ischemic lesions].

The aim of this study was to determine the utility of diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DW-EPI) for detecting acute and subacute brain ischemic foci less than 2 cm in size. Thirty patients underwent DW-EPI on a 1.5 T superconducting unit using a SE-EPI sequence with an arbitrary pair of Stejskal-Tanner gradients applied along the imaging axes. DW-EPI demonstrated all the mast recent ischemic lesions as areas of decreased diffusion, providing greater conspicuity and larger size than conventional spin-echo imaging. DW-EPI is a promising method to detect within a subsecond early ischemia and reversible ischemic changes that are not demonstrate on routine spin-echo images.

Acute Disease↗