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Biomedical subjects

K Enomoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Enomoto.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Retroperitoneal liposarcoma with various histological figures].

A case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma consisting of three large nodules with three different types of histologic findings is presented. A 69-year-old man was diagnosed as having a malignant tumor in the retroperitoneum and underwent successful tumor extirpation. The resected tumor had three different type of nodules, 18 X 15 X 7.0 cm, 8 X 15 X 4.0 cm, 15 X 10 X 2.5 cm in size, respectively. The histologic examination revealed myxoid, well-differentiated fibrosing and lipoma-like liposarcoma type, respectively. Chemotherapy was undertaken postoperatively, and there is no evidence of recurrence two years after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II study of THP (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin) in breast cancer].

In a phase II study of THP, fifty-six patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer were evaluated, and a response rate of 23.2% including 1.8% with complete response and 21.4% with partial response, was obtained. Response rates of THP varied according to the location of metastasis and the highest rate was shown to be 38.5% in patients with soft tissue metastasis. The median dose for inducing response was 100 mg with a range from 60 mg to 160 mg. Toxicities such as leukopenia and gastrointestinal disorders were observed during THP treatment. The favorable response to THP was close to that of adriamycin, but it was noteworthy that a lower frequency of alopecia occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thiamine blockade of neuromuscular transmission.

The effects of thiamine on neuromuscular transmission were studied. Thiamine (0.2-2 mM) decreased the quantal height (q) of the evoked end-plate current (EPC). In the presence of 2 mM thiamine, the shape of the decay phase of the EPC remained exponential but the decay time constant increased dramatically. Thiamine changed the EPC height/holding potential and log (EPC decay time constant)/holding potential relationships from linear to non-linear. The reversal potential and the rate of rise of the EPC were unaffected. Analysis of the ACh-induced noise revealed that thiamine increased the mean channel lifetime and decreased the single channel conductance. Under normal conditions, the ACh-induced single channel conductance had no membrane voltage dependency, while thiamine caused the single channel conductance to decrease with hyperpolarization. The effects of thiamine could be explained in computer simulation of the peak EPC/membrane potential relationship by the assumption that thiamine prolonged the channel lifetime and decreased the single channel conductance with hyperpolarization. It is concluded that thiamine modifies the kinetics of ACh-receptor ion channel complex and that this effect is dependent on the membrane voltage.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A phase III trial of oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) versus mepitiostane in advanced postmenopausal breast cancer.

A randomized controlled trial was performed to compare the therapeutic results of oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (HD-MPA) versus mepitiostane (MS) in the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer. MPA was given at three doses of 400 mg orally daily to 47 patients and produced objective responses in 19 cases (40.4%). An objective response was seen in 14 of the 40 control patients given MS at two doses of 10 mg orally daily (35.0%). Among patients with bone metastases, 6 of 19 (31.6%) for HD-MPA and 2 of 13 (15.4%) for MS showed objective responses. The other merits of HD-MPA suggested in the study were improvement in performance status, increase in appetite, and myeloprotective effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of guanethidine and phenethylguanidine on the frog neuromuscular junction.

The effects of two guanidine derivatives, guanethidine and phenethylguanidine (2-phenyl-ethyl-guanidine), on neuromuscular transmission in the sartorius nerve-muscle preparation of the frog, Rana pipiens, were investigated. Both compounds decreased the peak height of the evoked end-plate current (EPC). The decay of the EPC was changed from a single exponential to a double exponential. The effects of both compounds on the EPC peak height increased with hyperpolarization, and the peak EPC/membrane voltage relationship thus became non-linear. The absence of an effect on the mean quantal content (m) indicated that the two compounds acted postsynaptically. The power spectrum of the ACh-induced noise was changed by guanethidine from a single Lorentzian to a double Lorentzian curve. The single channel conductance was decreased with hyperpolarization. It was concluded from these observations that guanethidine is an open channel blocker. Phenethylguanidine shifted the cut-off frequency of the ACh-induced noise to a higher frequency. However, the power spectrum showed only a single Lorentzian, and there was a lack of low frequency component in the power spectrum, which was expected from the decay phase of the EPC. The single channel conductance decreased, but in contrast to the case of guanethidine, there was no voltage dependency. The possible mechanism of action of phenethylguanidine is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1985

Effects of hycanthone on the neuromuscular transmission.

The effects of the antischistosomal drug, hycanthone, on the synaptic transmission at the frog neuromuscular junction were studied. The mean quantal content increased in the presence of 20 microM hycanthone. The amplitude of the miniature end-plate current was unaffected by 20 microM hycanthone, while 2 microM hycanthone decreased the ionophoretic ACh response (ACh induced current). The decay time constants of the evoked end-plate current and the miniature end-plate current were increased with 1-5 microM hycanthone, but were decreased at concentrations over 20 microM. Analysis of the ACh induced noise revealed that 1 microM hycanthone slightly increased the channel lifetime whereas the single channel conductance was not affected. It was concluded that the primary site of action of hycanthone is the 'transient state' or ACh bound but closed conformation of the ACh receptor ion channel, but this drug also has other sites of action (presynaptic nerve terminal and open conformation of ACh receptor-ion channel complex).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of aniline on neuromuscular transmission.

Aniline hydrochloride increased the amplitude of the end-plate potentials of the frog sartorius muscle. Statistical analysis showed that the effects of aniline were purely presynaptic. The shape of the dose-release curve was similar to that of the 4-aminopyridine curve although the potency was weaker than that of 4-aminopyridine. The molecular configuration and the effect of aniline suggested that the site of action of aniline was the same as that of 4-aminopyridine.

4-Aminopyridine↗
PubMed1985

Surgical correction of subglottic stenosis in children. A follow-up study.

In general, subglottic stenosis in children is one of the most difficult problems to treat surgically. Six patients, aged 4-9, requiring a tracheostomy due to severe subglottic stenosis are reviewed. Decannulation was difficult to perform in these cases. All children in this series underwent surgical correction of subglottic stenosis. Patients had been successfully decannulated with no evidence of recurrent stenosis and were followed up for a period of 2-9 years. Our cases which were followed up for 2-9 years address the issue raised by opponents of surgical correction of subglottic stenosis in children, namely the consideration that the laryngeal growth potential may be adversely affected by surgery.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Effects of diethyldithiocarbamate, a metabolite of disulfiram, on the pharmacokinetics of alcohol and acetaldehyde in the rat.

The effects of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), a metabolite of disulfiram which is known as Antabuse, on the blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde were determined simultaneously by head space gas chromatography in rats. After an intravenous injection of alcohol, the blood concentration of acetaldehyde was much lower than that of the alcohol. A pharmacokinetic model featuring the liver compartment for acetaldehyde was used to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters on the assumption that the distribution volumes of the central compartments were same for alcohol and acetaldehyde, and that the elimination rate of acetaldehyde from liver was large enough to isolate the liver compartment from the central compartment. The results showed that the clearance of alcohol was 0.0226 l/min/kg and the elimination rate constant of acetaldehyde from the liver compartment was very large and 35 min-1. The administration of DDC decreased the above significantly to 0.0132 l/min/kg and 20 min-1, respectively. After intravenous infusion of acetaldehyde, the time course of the blood concentration of acetaldehyde was analyzed by the one compartment model. The estimated elimination rate constants from blood and the distribution volume were in good agreement with those calculated from alcohol injection, indicating the appropriateness of the method used in this study. DDC had no effect on the elimination of infused acetaldehyde from blood indicating that the elimination may be due to the loss from lungs into breath, from skin surfaces and/or from the kidney but not by metabolism in the liver.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical investigation of oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in advanced breast cancer--double-blind controlled study: Japanese Group for MPA Treatment of Breast Cancer].

A randomized controlled trial was made to compare the therapeutic result of oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (HD-MPA) versus mepitiostane (MS) in the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer. MPA (1200 mg) was given p.o., b.i.d. to 47 patients and produced objective response in 19 of them (40.4%). Objective response was seen in 14 of the 40 control patients given MS p.o., b.i.d. (35.0%). Among patients with bone metastases, 6/19 (31.6%) for HD-MPA and 2/23 (15.4%) for MS showed objective response. The other merits of HD-MPA suggested in the study were improvement in performance status, anabolic effect and myeloprotective effect.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Auchincloss's mode versus Patey's mode in early breast cancer].

On the assumption that an early breast cancer is tumor under 1.0 centimeter in diameter, sixty five cases of the early disease were picked out from 970 patients who had breast cancer during 20 years from 1961 to 1980. The former were 6.7 percentage among them. Only five cases (7.6%) among patients with such early breast cancer had metastasis in the axillary lymph nodes, except lymph nodes of the level III group. On the other hand, ten year survival after modified radical mastectomy for early breast cancer was 93 percentage. An inquiry of the atrophy of the major pectoral muscles after modified radical mastectomy revealed that it was rather fewer after Auchincloss's mode than after Patey's. In conclusion, the two facts suggested that surgery of Auchincloss's type was the most available for such early breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

GTPase activity associates with the inhibitory GTP-binding regulatory component of adenylate cyclase purified from rat brain.

The inhibitory regulatory component of adenylate cyclase (Ni) was highly purified from rat brain synaptic membranes. A low Km GTPase activity was always associated with Ni through the purification, and the recovery of GTPase activity correlated well with that of Ni. Purified Ni was hardly ADP-ribosylated by islet-activating protein (IAP). A heat-labile factor in the fraction of the stimulative regulatory component (Ns) restored ADP-ribosylation and also activated the GTPase about 2-fold. NaF which was reported to interact with Ni markedly reduced GTPase activity. The purified Ni fraction inhibited adenylate cyclase only in the presence of a heat-stable factor found in the partially purified regulatory component. GTPase and inhibitory activities were weak in myelin which contained only a small amount of Ni. These findings support the view that GTPase activity is an intrinsic activity of Ni and some factors are necessary for the function of Ni.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1984

Cyclic nucleotide levels of nasal secretions in allergic patients and control subjects.

Cyclic nucleotides (CND) levels of nasal secretions were studied in allergic rhinitis patients and control subjects. In methacholine-induced nasal secretion, allergic rhinitis patients had lower cAMP levels, higher cGMP levels and a lower cAMP/cGMP ratio than the control subjects. A close relationship was found between CND levels and the severity of daily symptoms in both methacholine-induced and antigen-induced nasal secretions.

Cyclic AMP↗