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Biomedical subjects

K Enomoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Enomoto.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Evantail resection].

Thirty five of out 87 small breast cancer clinically sized 1.0 cm or less in diameter had invasion in surrounding breast tissue beyond 2.0 cm distant from a border of the tumor on histopathological examination: Seven out of twenty four (29 percent) for the defined type, twenty-one out of forty-eight (44 percent) for the poorly defined type, seven of fifty (47 percent) for the intraductal type of breast cancer. Those results lead me to design "Evantail resection" which was a modification of the quadrantectomy a case out of forty-two patients who underwent Eventail resection had a local recurrence at median follow-up time of 22 months ranging 3 months to 68 months. A technique of the Evantail resection was explained in detail in this articles.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of gastroenterological disease by using 18F-FDG PET--differential diagnosis of malignancy from benignity].

In this study, we used 18F-FDG PET to differentiate gastroenterological malignancy from benignity. We investigated 122 patients with gastroenterological disease before treatment (with lesions exceeding 2.0 cm in diameter only). 60 min after injection of FDG, although 16 cases out of 17 benign disease did not reveal accumulation higher than normal tissue, 105 cases of malignant tumor except some of hepatocellular carcinoma revealed high accumulation of FDG. FDG uptake was expressed as the Ci/Cp ratio, calculated from radioactivity of the tumor (Ci) and the plasma (Cp). 89 cases out of 90 which show more than 2.0 of Ci/Cp ratio were malignant tumor. On the other hand, 32 cases which show less than 2.0 contained 16 cases of benign disease and 15 of hepatocellular carcinoma. FDG PET is a useful tool for differential diagnosis of malignant tumor from benign disease except some of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Deoxyglucose↗
PubMed1991

Possible involvement of c-myc but not ras genes in hepatocellular carcinomas developing after spontaneous hepatitis in LEC rats.

LEC (Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rats develop hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) spontaneously. We examined mutations of codons 12, 13, and 61 of the Ha-ras, Ki-ras, and N-ras genes in four HCCs by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded DNA direct sequencing method. No ras gene mutations were observed, suggesting that ras activation is not involved in spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis in LEC rats. The expression of mRNAs for c-myc, Ha-ras, c-raf, and the protein phosphatase 2A alpha gene (PP-2A alpha) was also examined in the four HCCs by northern blot analysis. Three of the four HCCs had c-myc expression levels approximately 30-fold higher than that in the liver of control Long-Evans rats with an agouti coat color (LEA), a sibling line of LEC rats, while the remaining HCC had an expression level sevenfold higher than that of control. In contrast, the expression levels of the Ha-ras, c-raf, and PP-2A alpha genes were the same as those in the livers of control rats. Studies of c-myc expression and mitotic index in five other HCCs, two hyperplastic nodules, and two nontumorous portions of livers of HCC-bearing LEC rats that had chronic-phase hepatitis suggested that the high level of c-myc gene expression was not due only to increased cell proliferation but might possibly be more integrally involved in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Oscillating activity of a calcium-activated K+ channel in normal and cancerous mammary cells in culture.

Calcium-activated potassium channels were the channels most frequently observed in primary cultured normal mammary cell and in the established mammary tumor cell, MMT060562. In both cells, single-channel and whole-cell clamp recordings sometimes showed slow oscillations of the Ca2(+)-gated K+ current. The characteristics of the Ca2(+)-activated K+ channels in normal and cancerous mammary cells were quite similar. The slope conductances changed from 8 to 70 pS depending on the mode of recording and the ionic composition in the patch electrode. The open probability of this channel increased between 0.1 to 1 microM of the intracellular Ca2+, but it was independent of the membrane potential. Charybdotoxin reduced the activity of the Ca2(+)-activated K+ channel and the oscillation of the membrane current, but apamin had no apparent effect. The application of tetraethylammonium (TEA) from outside and BaCl2 from inside of the cell diminished the activity of the channel. The properties of this channel were different from those of both the large conductance (BK or MAXI K) and small conductance (SK) type Ca2(+)-activated K+ channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Left ventricular function in patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus.

Echocardiography was used to compare the left ventricular function of 43 female patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus with 93 healthy females in 3 age groups. Left ventricular systolic function was evaluated by the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular diastolic function was evaluated by the diastolic descent rate of the anterior mitral leaflet (DDR), the ratio of mean systolic velocity to mean diastolic velocity in the left ventricular posterior wall (D/S ratio) and the ratio of peak mitral inflow velocity during the atrial filling period to that in the early filling period (A/E ratio). The left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly different between patients and normal subjects. However, left ventricular diastolic function evaluated by these indexes in patients was different from normal subjects. These data suggest that left ventricular diastolic function is lower in patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus than in normal subjects. It appears to deteriorate progressively with age. However, left ventricular systolic function remains normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Appraisal of adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy with tamoxifen plus tegafur in patients with breast cancer.

To assess chemoendocrine therapy in the adjuvant treatment of patients with Stage II or III breast cancer, 228 patients were enrolled in a 12-month trial period from January 1982 to January 1983. One hundred ninety evaluable patients were followed up for five years. The regimen in this trial consisted of intravenous administration of 13 mg of mitomycin C per m2 during the operation and 6.5 mg of the same drug per m2 on the first day, and oral administration of 600 mg of tegafur per m2 alone or supplemented with 13 mg of tamoxifen per m2 for two years. No survival advantage was observed with addition of tamoxifen to tegafur in terms of five-year survival (88.7% vs 86.6% for Stage II and 69.9% vs 82.2% for Stage III). However, there was a significant prolongation of relapse-free survival among patients receiving tegafur and tamoxifen as compared with those who received tegafur alone: 72.9% vs 55.8% (p = 0.098 in the logrank test).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Can fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography evaluate the functional differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Tumor uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was studied by dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) in 23 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. The metabolic rate constants, K1 to K4, were generated by non-linear least square fitting method. We confirmed that K3 from the PET study significantly correlated with directly measured hexokinase activity of the cancer tissue. The region of HCC always had higher K3 values, which represents the hexokinase activity compared with the non-cancerous region. By FDG images, however, in 50% of cases the cancer region could not be clearly defined from the surrounding noncancerous hepatic tissue. These HCC cases without accumulation of FDG had a high ratio of K4/K3 (K4 represents glucose-6-phosphatase activity), which correlated well with the inverse ratio of FDG accumulating images on PET. According to the PET images which is represented by K4/K3 and the hexokinase activity which is represented by K3, we divided these 23 cases into three groups and retrospectively compared their survival rates. The groups with high K4/K3 (greater than or equal to 0.40) had longer survival than other groups. From the view point of glucose metabolism, the value of K4/K3 calculated from dynamic studies of FDG-PET may represent the functional differentiation of HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1991

[A case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome developed in liver cirrhosis patient addicted to alcohol].

A 55-year-old man with addiction of alcohol was admitted to our hospital with hematoemesis. After admission, the rupture of esophageal varices was observed and it was treated with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. On the 3rd hospital day, the patient showed alcohol withdrawal syndrome and therefore haloperidol was administered intramuscularly and intravenously. After a half day of this treatment, high fever, diaphoresis, hypotension, tachycardia, muscular rigidity and tremor developed. With the laboratory data including high serum levels of CK, LDH, GOT and GPT, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was suspected. Regardless of intensive care, hepatic failure, DIC and acute renal failure promptly developed, and he died on the 11th hospital day. Neuroleptics may cause serious side effects, such as NMS, when the physical status of patients was deteriorated. Especially in exhausted patient such as our case, even the small dose of neuroleptics caused NMS within short term. Thus, it seemed to be important for clinicians to pay attention to choice of neuroleptics.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of CA19-9 producing adenocarcinoma of the lung associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

A 63-year-old female, who had been suffering from idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) since two years and four months previously, was admitted with general fatigue, body weight loss, bloody sputum and progression of dyspnea. Chest roentgenogram on admission showed diffuse coarse ring shadows in the right middle and lower lung fields and in the left middle lung filed. Chest CT clearly showed honeycombing in bilateral dorso-basal segments of the lung. Serum CA19-9 level was elevated, and continued to increase during her clinical course. Sputum cytology was positive. Autopsy showed papillary adenocarcinoma of the lung (alveolar cell type). Immunohistochemical study of lung tissue showed positive CA19-9 staining on the surface of adenocarcinoma cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

ADP-ribosylation of myelin basic protein by cholera toxin.

Cholera toxin ADP-ribosylates four types of myelin basic proteins (MBPs) of Mr 14,000, 17,500, 19,000 and 22,000 in rat brain myelin. On an analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, MBP underwent mono- and multi-(ADP-ribosyl)ation by cholera toxin and thus modified MBP migrated on the gel as several discrete protein bands, the molecular masses of which were apparently larger by 500-2000 daltons than that of the corresponding untreated MBP. On average, 1.1 mol of ADP-ribosyl residue was incorporated into 1 mol of MBP. Four types of purified MBPs were also ADP-ribosylated by cholera toxin dependent on GTP and the protein factor for the ADP-ribosylation. The results show evidence that MBP is one of major and specific substrates of cholera toxin in brain membranes.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

High sensitivity of the LEC rat liver to the carcinogenic effect of diethylnitrosamine.

The initiation sensitivity of the liver of the LEC (Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like coat color) rat, a new mutant strain with a high incidence of spontaneous liver tumors, was studied by treatment with low doses of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) coupled with modified Solt and Farber's selection. LEC and control LEA (Long-Evans with an agouti coat color) rats received i.p. injections of 10 mg/kg of DEN, then selected by feeding with a diet containing 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) for 7 days combined with partial hepatectomy (PH). The numbers of placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P)-positive foci in the livers of LEC rats were 10 times higher than those in LEA rats. These results suggested a high sensitivity of the LEC rat liver to the carcinogenic effect of DEN. The association between initiation sensitivity and spontaneous liver-tumor development and the possible usefulness of the LEC rat for in vivo short-term tests of hepatocarcinogens are discussed.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1990

Changes in the hormone receptors of human breast carcinoma xenografts in nude mice by treatment with cytotoxic agents.

We examined the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on the estrogen receptors (ER) of breast carcinomas in vivo using human breast carcinoma strains (Br-10, T-61) serially transplanted into nude mice. When the tumor size reached approximately 1 X 1 X 1 cm, mitomycin C (MMC) at doses of 1, 2 and 4.5 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide (CPA) at a dose of 120 mg/kg, were administered once intraperitoneally, and the ERs of the tumors were measured sequentially by the dextran-coated charcoal method. Four days after the MMC administration at above doses, the binding sites of ER in Br-10 were not reduced and binding affinity was not affected. When the changes in ER content with time after the treatment with 4.5 mg/kg MMC and 120 mg/kg CPA were investigated, the ER content was found to be stable until 4 days after the treatment with both drugs, although the growth of T-61 had been significantly inhibited by the drugs. From these findings, it seems reasonable to initiate chemotherapy before endocrine therapy, since the chemotherapeutic agents did not reduce the ER content of the breast cancer strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Interpeduncular high-density spot in severe shearing injury.

Thirty cases of severe shearing injury were analyzed utilizing serial computed tomography scans and clinical observations. Fatalities occurred in the majority of patients whose Glasgow Coma Scale scores at admission were 6 or less. The presence of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage, hemorrhage in the corpus callosum, acute brain swelling, and intraventricular hemorrhage on computed tomography scans resulted in high mortality rates. In 13 patients, interpeduncular high-density spots were observed on computed tomography scans, which were performed in the acute stage of injury. Eight of these patients died, and those surviving had poorer neurological outcomes than corresponding patients with identical Glasgow Coma Scale scores on admission. In the management of severe shearing injury patients, more attention should be given to the presence of interpeduncular high-density spots as well as other important diagnostic computed tomography findings regarding diffuse brain injury.

Adolescent↗