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Biomedical subjects

K Endo

Publications and source records attributed to K Endo.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Analysis of serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes in patients with ovarian tumors--correlation between tumor markers and histological types of ovarian tumors].

Serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes were analyzed in ovarian tumor patients, who were treated at Kyoto University Hospital. CA125 was positive in 10/16 (62.5%) cases of common epithelial carcinoma, especially 100% positive in serous carcinoma, but was negative in mucinous tumors. CA125 was also negative in patients with germ cell and sex cord stromal tumors. CEA was positive in 13/32 (40.6%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, most frequently elevated in patients with mucinous carcinoma, pseudomyxoma peritonei, and Krukenberg tumor. AFP was positive only in those with endodermal sinus tumors. LDH was elevated in 16/39 (41%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, but was not specific for histological types. In contrast, all 8 cases of dysgerminoma, 1 of immature teratoma and 2 of endodermal sinus tumor showed extremely elevated LDH levels. Moreover, the normal pattern or deviation to H subunit of LDH isoenzymes was seen in such cases of germ cell tumor, while deviation to M subunit was noted in epithelial and metastatic tumor patients. These data indicate that each parameter is useful as a tumor marker for the specific histological type of ovarian tumor; CA125 for non-mucinous epithelial carcinoma, CEA for mucinous tumor and Krukenberg tumor, AFP for yolk sac tumor, LDH and LDH isoenzymes for dysgerminoma and other solid germ cell tumors. In addition, preoperative diagnosis of histological types of ovarian tumors may be possible by combining these tumor markers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Two murine monoclonal antibodies against human lung cancer-associated antigens.

Two murine monoclonal antibodies, MAb 8 (immunoglobulin G3 kappa) and MAb 15 (immunoglobulin G1 kappa), were produced after immunization with TKB-2, a variant cell line of human small cell carcinoma of the lung. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, these antibodies reacted with four major types of lung cancer cell lines and various extrapulmonary tumor cell lines. Immunohistological study, however, showed highly specific binding to lung cancers; MAb 8 bound to 68% of 65 lung cancers, and MAb 15 bound to 72% of them. Interestingly, both antibodies were more reactive with non-small cell than small cell lung cancers and bound most frequently to large cell carcinoma. Most extrapulmonary tumor tissues were negative in staining with a few exceptions; endodermal sinus tumor (two of two) was positive to both antibodies, breast carcinoma (one of five) to MAb 8, gastric carcinoma (one of three), and malignant melanoma (one of one) to MAb 15. Cross-reactions with normal tissues were limited; MAb 8 reacted with adult and fetal lung, and MAb 15 with esophagus and renal tubules. MAb 8 recognized a Mr 48,000 glycoprotein antigen (carbohydrates as its epitope), and MAb 15 recognized two proteins (Mr 85,000 and 45,000) (peptides as their epitopes). These two antibodies, detecting novel antigens extensively associated with and highly specific to lung cancers, are potentially useful for the study of lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Radioimmunoimaging of human bladder tumor xenografts in nude mice by using monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies HBJ127 and HBJ8, raised against T24 human bladder cancer cells, predominantly react with the cells in proliferating stages and with a portion of epithelial tumor cells, respectively. To investigate the in vivo localization of these monoclonal antibodies, the antibodies were labeled with radioiodine and indium-111 (111In) and injected into nude mice transplanted with human bladder tumors. The BT-11 bladder tumor had the highest concentration of radioiodinated HBJ127 and HBJ8 monoclonal antibodies, with 11.6 and 14.3% of the injected dose per gram and with a tumor-to-blood ratio of 2.6 and 1.6, respectively, at 4 days after the administration. An irrelevant monoclonal antibody did not show any specific accumulation in the BT-11 tumor. The 111In-labeled HBJ127 antibody was also localized in the tumor with a higher tumor-to-blood ratio than the radioiodinated antibody. The xenografted BT-11 tumor was successfully visualized with the radiolabeled HBJ127 and HBJ8 antibodies by scintigraphy. These monoclonal antibodies and the human bladder tumor xenografts may provide a good model for radioimmunoimaging and possibly therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Antithrombotic effects of sodium salt of 17(R)-methyl-20-isopropylidenecarbacyclin in the arteriole of the hamster cheek pouch.

Antithrombotic effects of sodium salt of 17(R)-methyl-20-isopropylidenecarbacyclin (CS-570), a chemically stable prostaglandin I2 (PGI2, epoprostenol, prostacyclin) derivative, were investigated in the arteriole of the hamster cheek pouch. A microthrombus was produced by a slight mechanical injury followed by iontophoretic application of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to an arteriole of 70 to 100 micron in diameter. The platelet thrombus size was determined with a video image processor. With this technique, a reproducible and quantitatively measurable periodical thrombus was obtained. CS-570 inhibited the thrombus formation dose-dependently. The potency of CS-570 was about 1/8 that of PGI2 and 6 times that of carbacyclin when infused i.v. CS-570 also decomposed an established thrombus. Alprostadil (PGE1), dipyridamole and ticlopidine failed to show inhibitory effects. The antithrombotic effect of CS-570 was definitely demonstrated.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography findings of hepatic lesions in human fascioliasis: report of two cases.

Two patients with hepatic fascioliasis are presented. Computed tomography demonstrated multiple low density areas located in the center and periphery of the liver. In one patient a spontaneous decrease in the size of the low-density areas occurred but the abdominal symptoms were persistent before bithionol treatment. After the treatment both patients became asymptomatic. The computed tomography scan can be a useful tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of the patients with hepatic fascioliasis.

Fasciola hepatica↗
PubMed1985

Synaptic actions of the ventral root afferents on cat hindlimb motoneurons.

Postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) with long latencies were evoked in cat hindlimb motoneurons by stimulation of the distal stump of a cut ventral root. Measurements of their latency and the threshold in the responsible afferent fibers showed that they were produced mainly by the activity of the unmyelinated fibers in the ventral root that enter the spinal cord through the dorsal root. Patterns of PSPs evoked in flexor and extensor motoneurons by ventral root stimulation were similar to those observed in the flexion reflex.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Frequency-to-voltage conversion in the pyramidal tract neuron: an important role of the inhibitory postsynaptic potential.

Frequency-coded impulses are known to be converted into postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) at the synapse of a target neuron. This can be termed frequency-voltage (F-V) conversion. Studies on this problem in pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) showed that not only the amplitude but also the duration of depolarizing PSPs was determined as a function of the input impulse frequency. Two opposite patterns of F-V conversion were observed following activation of two input systems to PTNs. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials were found to play an important role in the regulation of the duration of PSPs by curtailing excitatory post-synaptic potentials.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Sexual differentiation of prolactin responsiveness to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the rat. Effects of postnatal testosterone on adenohypophyseal TRH receptor ontogenesis in male rats.

The influence of postnatal testosterone on thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)-induced prolactin (PRL) response was tested in male rats. Under urethane anesthesia following estradiol pretreatment, neonatally castrated males showed a female-like plasma PRL response 4-fold greater than in adult-castrated males. Substitution of testosterone reversed the NC effect. However, postnatal age-dependent difference was observed in the effect of testosterone. Testosterone produced a marked inhibition on PRL response when given at 2 or 4 weeks of life but not at earlier days. Determinations of adenohypophyseal PRL concentration and TRH receptor density revealed that testosterone inhibition occurred via its detrimental influence not on PRL concentration but on TRH receptor density. These results indicate that the sex-related difference in the rat PRL response to TRH ensues at least partially through inhibition by postnatal testosterone on the adenohypophyseal TRH receptor ontogenesis in male rats, and that there might be a functional dissociation in testosterone-dependent temporal development between two hypothalamic centers which independently regulate cyclic secretability and secretory reserve of PRL.

Animals↗