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Biomedical subjects

K Eguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Eguchi.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Alterations in polyamine levels in amniotic fluid, plasma and urine during normal pregnancy.

Polyamines have a close relationship with rapid cell proliferation. We measured polyamine levels in amniotic fluid, maternal plasma and urine during normal pregnancy. Plasma putrescine, spermidine and spermine gradually increased in the third trimester and reached the highest concentration at the end of pregnancy. There was a significant correlation between the level of these polyamines and the level of plasma estradiol and progesterone. In urine, putrescine and spermine increased with the progress of gestation and reached the highest level during the 8th to 10th months of gestation. In amniotic fluid, putrescine and spermidine concentrations were significantly high in the first trimester and decreased in the other trimesters, whereas spermine showed no significant change. Polyamine concentrations in maternal plasma and urine appear to reflect not only fetal metabolic changes but also the metabolic changes of the pregnant women, and to be influenced by several hormones which increase during pregnancy. Polyamines in amniotic fluid mainly reflect activated fetal metabolism and may be useful as biochemical indicators of fetal growth.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

Polyamine levels in gynecologic malignancies.

Polyamines are closely related to many aspects of cell growth. Since increased amounts of polyamines in the urine of human cancer patients were reported in 1971, polyamines have been studied from the standpoint of tumor markers. In this study, polyamines in erythrocytes, plasma and urine were determined in 42 controls and 105 patients with gynecologic malignant tumors. The changes in polyamine levels were investigated before and after treatment. With advances in the stage of uterine cervical cancer, the frequency of abnormal levels of polyamines (concentrations greater than two standard deviations above the mean control level) became greater, and reached nearly 80% in recurrent and ovarian cancer. In the early stage of cancer, the diagnostic value was low. Comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was also performed. The polyamines lack specificity for malignant diseases, but they can be used to some extent as a tumor marker in the gynecologic field.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of vindesine plus cisplatin or vindesine plus mitomycin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Fifty-eight patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were randomly allocated to receive vindesine (3 mg/m2 every week) plus either cisplatin (80 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) or mitomycin (8 mg/m2 weekly X 3, then every 3 weeks). No patients achieved complete response. Among the 28 patients treated with vindesine plus cisplatin, there were 12 partial responders (42.9%); among the 30 patients treated with vindesine plus mitomycin, there were only three partial responders (10%) (P less than 0.005). The median duration of response was 11.5 weeks (range, 4-25) in the patients treated with vindesine plus cisplatin. The median survival times for patients treated with vindesine plus cisplatin and vindesine plus mitomycin were 10.1 and 10.2 months, respectively; there was no statistical difference in survival time between the two groups. Initial performance status was the strong predictor of patient survival. Toxic effects, including moderate myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and gastrointestinal symptoms, were generally manageable. The combination of vindesine and cisplatin appears to be effective against advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Phase II study of vindesine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

A phase II study of vindesine (VDS) was carried out in 21 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There were 13 and 8 patients with and without prior chemotherapy, respectively. VDS was administered at a weekly iv dose of 3 mg/m2. Partial response was observed in two of 15 adenocarcinomas and one of 2 adenosquamous cell carcinomas, and the overall response rate was 14.3% (3/21). Myelosuppression, especially leukopenia, was the most common dose-limiting side effect. Neurotoxicity was also a common side effect but the degree was mild. It was concluded that VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 every week seems to be active against NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Production of a monoclonal antibody to a membrane antigen of human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV1/ATLV)-infected cell lines from a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient: serological analyses for HTLV1 infections in SLE patients.

Human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV1/ATLV), which causes adult T cell leukaemia (ATL), is an infectious, lymphotrophic retrovirus unique for humans. The present study was undertaken to determine whether HTLV1 had any pathogenetic role for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The incidence of antibodies to ATL cell-associated antigens (ATLA) in sera from patients with SLE and other collagen diseases was investigated by an indirect immunofluorescent cytoplasmic staining of an HTLV1-infected cell line (MT-1). A radioimmunoassay was also performed to detect antibodies to HTLV1 protein and crude membrane fraction derived from an HTLV1-producing cell line MT-2. Furthermore, an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cell line (ES-1) was constructed from an SLE patient, which produced a monoclonal antibody (IgG, lambda) reactive to an HTLV1-related cell-membrane antigen expressed on MT-1 and MT-2 cells. The specific reactivity of the monoclonal antibody was analysed by an indirect immunofluorescent cell-membrane staining and a microcytotoxicity test. The incidence of anti-ATLA antibodies was not different among SLE and other collagen diseases. The monoclonal antibody produced by ES-1 stained and killed HTLV1-infected cell lines specifically, but did not react with other human lymphoid cell lines. This monoclonal antibody failed to react with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), mitogen-induced T cell blasts, and iododeoxyuridine-treated T cells from SLE patients. Thus, a possible role of HTLV1 in the aetiology of SLE was not established.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Randomized control study of high-dose metoclopramide in the prevention of CDDP-induced emesis].

The effect of high-dose metoclopramide (2 mg/kg, 4 times every 2 hours) on the emesis of patients treated with CDDP (80 mg/m2) was examined by randomized control trial. The above metoclopramide regimen significantly suppressed the frequency of vomiting on the day of CDDP administration. The duration of nausea and anorexia after CDDP treatment was also shortened by high-dose metoclopramide administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phase II study of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

A phase II study of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP, 80 mg/m2, every 3 weeks) was performed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The overall response rate to CDDP was 14% (6/42). In patients without prior chemotherapy, the response rate was 20% (2/10), and in patients with prior chemotherapy, the response rate was 13% (4/31). The major side effect was gastrointestinal toxicity. It was concluded that CDDP at a dose of 80 mg/m2 every 3 weeks is effective against NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Phase II study of 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW2083) in patients with advanced non-small cell carcinoma of the lung and metastatic pulmonary tumors.

Twenty-six patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung and 25 with metastatic pulmonary tumors were treated by intravenous injection of 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW2083), a derivative of mitomycin C, either at a single 70-mg/m2 dose or at a dose of 20-30 mg/m2 once a week for 3 weeks. Two patients with adenocarcinoma among 21 evaluable patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, and one with embryonal cell carcinoma among 21 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumors achieved partial response lasting 5 to 7 weeks. In these three patients, KW2083 was administered by a single 70-mg/m2 dose, and no patients who received a dose of 20-30 mg/m2 weekly achieved objective response. Myelosuppression, primarily thrombocytopenia, was pronounced with either treatment regimen and it was the major dose-limiting toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Preliminary phase II study of adriamycin (ADM) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

A phase II study of adriamycin (ADM) (60 mg/m2) was performed in 22 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). There were no responders in the 19 evaluable patients (16 with adenocarcinoma, two with squamous cell carcinoma and one with large cell carcinoma). The major side effects were alopecia (89%), leukocytopenia (73%), thrombocytopenia (58%) and upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Although ADM at 60 mg/m2 did not appear to have sufficient antitumor activity against NSCLC in this study, it is necessary to evaluate further the efficacy of ADM against NSCLC with another treatment schedule.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

31P-NMR studies on the energy metabolism of the living rat brain using a surface coil method.

We have examined the changes of the energetic metabolic state of rat and mouse brains under hypoxic hypoxia or ischemia using a 31P-NMR spectrometer with a surface coil. The NMR spectrometer has a super-conducting magnet providing a homogeneous magnetic field of 6.3 tesla. A probe was remodelled to accommodate an experimental animal in it. The animals were anesthetized with 1.0% or 1.5% halothane throughout the experiments. The optimal measurement conditions were a 90 degrees pulse width of 20 microsecond, and a 2 sec pulse repetition time. 200 acquisitions of FIDs was required for high spatially resolved signals. The Pcr/ATP ratio of the live, anesthetized rat brains was 1.76 +/- 0.46 (n = 8) for cerebra and 1.63 +/- 0.11 (n = 4) for cerebella. That of gerbil brains was 1.23 +/- 0.09 (n = 4). The Pcr/ATP ratio did not show any significant changes under both the conditions of hypoxic hypoxia or ischemia. The value of Pcr/Pi ratio decreased in the hypoxic conditions. The level of Pcr. of rat cerebrum decreased by 76.8 +/- 10.5% at 10% oxygen and by 57.3 +/- 15.7% at 5% oxygen compared with the value of 20% oxygen. The ATP level in the rat brain also decreased according to the degree of hypoxia. Cerebral ischemia was produced in the gerbil by ligation of the common carotid artery. The levels of Pcr. and ATP were severely depressed in the ischemic hemisphere but those of the intact side remained normal.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1984

[Preliminary phase II study of cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) in patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung and metastatic pulmonary tumor].

A preliminary phase II study of cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) was carried out in 17 patients with non-small cell carcinoma (12 adenocarcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 large cell carcinoma) of the lung, and in 15 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor. All patients could be evaluated. A partial response was obtained in 2 of 12 adenocarcinoma patients and in 1 of 3 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, resulting in a partial response rate of 17.6%. A partial response was also obtained in one patient each from those with metastatic pulmonary tumor from the uterus, skin and pharynx and in patients with mediastinal tumor, resulting in a partial response rate of 26.7%. There was mild myelosuppression in our patients; renal toxicity and toxic neuropathy seemed to be the dose-limiting factors in cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[The value of carcinoembryonic antigens in patients with advanced lung cancer: in relation to chemotherapy].

The serum carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA) levels in 177 advanced lung cancer patients were studied to assess their value for the prognosis and indicating the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The relationship of pretreatment CEA levels with histology and stage of disease was also examined. Levels in excess of 5 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml were found in 55% and 32% of lung cancer patients, respectively. The elevated CEA levels were more frequently observed in patients with adenocarcinoma (65% in excess of 5 ng/ml) and extensive disease, but pretreatment CEA levels were not significantly correlated with the histology and clinical stage of disease. In 102 patients with adenocarcinoma, there was no significant difference of survival time in each patient with CEA levels less than 5 ng/ml, 5.0 less than or equal to - less than 20 ng/ml and in excess of 20 ng/ml; median survival time was 7, 7, 8 mo, respectively, and response to chemotherapy was not significant in each of these groups. Serial serum CEA measurements in patients with pretreatment levels in excess of 20 ng/ml correlated well with changes in disease status reflecting clinical response to chemotherapy. Mean percent changes of CEA levels to pretreatment levels were-77.4% in patients with partial response (PR), -55.6% in those with minor response (MR), -4.0% in patients with no change (NC) and +79.0% in patients showing progressive disease (PD). There was a significant difference in the percent changes of CEA levels between patients with an objective response (PR) and patients who had none (MR + NC) (p less than 0.02). CEA levels of all patients who had PD increased or unchanged. Serial measurements of serum CEA are useful in patients whose pretreatment levels are more than 20 ng/ml for monitoring the response to chemotherapy, and may be a useful noninvasive technique for patients with unmeasurable disease as a monitor of tumor burden in response to chemotherapy and recurrent disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Hereditary deficiency of OKT4-positive cells: studies for mode of inheritance and lymphocyte functions.

Two Graves' patients were found to have no OKT4+ cells in their peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). However, the reactivity of their lymphocytes with T4(T4A) and anti Leu-3a was normal and no autoantibodies to the OKT4 determinant were found in their sera. Cytofluorographic analysis of PBL from their family members showed three types of immunofluorescence profiles with OKT4. The first type was the complete OKT4+ cell deficiency, the second was the normal percentage of OKT4+ cells with half immunofluorescence intensity and the third was the normal staining pattern with OKT4. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced blastogenesis; PWM induced IgG synthesis, autologous and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction, and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of their PBL were also normal. These results suggest that (i) the expression of determinant to OKT4 is transmitted as autosomal incomplete dominant trait and (ii) OKT4+ cell deficiency is not accompanied by a lack of the inducer/helper subset of T cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

[Platelet aggregation and coenzyme Q10 content in platelets in cancer patients].

Platelet aggregation, plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) concentration and coenzyme Q10 content in serum and platelets were measured in 45 patients with unresectable carcinoma of the lung and in 7 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor before and after receiving chemotherapy. A significant increase in the plasma beta-TG concentration in cancer patients (47.4 +/- 18.7 ng/ml) was observed (p less than 0.001) compared to the controls (30.3 +/- 9.2 ng/ml). Serum coenzyme Q10 content was lower in cancer patients (0.42 +/- 0.19 micrograms/ml) (p less than 0.05) compared to the controls (0.57 +/- 0.24 micrograms/ml). The reason of decrease in serum coenzyme Q10 content in cancer patients was difficult to explain. No significant difference of the coenzyme Q10 content in platelets (1 X 10(8) cells) was observed either cancer patients (12.5 +/- 2.8 ng) or the controls (12.6 +/- 2.1 ng). No significant correlation was noted among platelet aggregation, plasma beta-TG concentration and coenzyme Q10 content in serum and platelets. Administration of either vindesine or KW2083 did not influence the coenzyme Q10 content in platelets. These results suggest that ATP synthetic pathway by oxidative phosphorylation in platelet be maintained in cancer patients, although a significant increase of plasma beta-TG concentration appears to be associated with an acceleration in the metabolic turnover of platelet.

Adult↗