Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K E Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to K E Roberts.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Aspergillus thyroiditis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

Nutrition assessment of the critically ill child.

Nutrition assessment is an integral part of the evaluation of the critically ill child. The goal of nutrition assessment is to identify those children who are malnourished and those who are at risk of becoming malnourished. Malnutrition is known to affect wound healing, infection rate, mortality, and morbidity, making early identification of children at risk essential. An initial assessment consists of a complete history and physical examination. The history and physical examination findings are then evaluated in conjunction with appropriate laboratory and anthropometric measurements. Through vigilant nutrition assessment, prompt, appropriate nutrition support can be provided to the critically ill child.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection with stent-grafts: preliminary results.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of endovascular stent-graft placement in treating Stanford type B aortic dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients underwent endovascular stent-graft placement for type B aortic dissection. Five patients had acute and two had chronic dissection. In five patients, the proximal entry tear was within 2 cm of the origin of the left subclavian artery, and in two patients it was beyond this site. In three patients, the noncovered proximal portion of the stent-graft was placed across the origin of the left subclavian artery. The efficacy of the procedure was assessed at follow-up studies 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after intervention. RESULTS: The procedure was technically and clinically successful in six patients (86%). The left subclavian artery remained patent in all patients. In two patients with involvement of aortic branches, endovascular stent-graft placement restored adequate blood flow to the compromised branches. One patient was readmitted 1 month later because the dissection extended into the ascending aorta. In all but this patient, closure of the entry tear and thrombosis of the false lumen along the stent-graft were achieved. All false lumina shrank considerably. The mean follow-up time was 14 months (range, 1-25 months). CONCLUSION: Type B aortic dissections within and beyond 2 cm of the origin of the left subclavian artery can be treated safely and effectively by means of endovascular stent-graft placement.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Balance and ankle range of motion in community-dwelling women aged 64 to 87 years: a correlational study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study investigated the relationship between balance measures and ankle range of motion (ROM) in community-dwelling elderly women with no health problems. Identification of modifiable factors associated with balance may enable clinicians to design treatments to help reduce the risk of falls in elderly people. SUBJECTS: The sample consisted of 34 women between the ages of 64 and 87 years (mean=74.7, SD=6.0). METHODS: Goniometry was used to determine bilateral ankle active-assistive range of motion (AAROM) and passive range of motion. Balance capabilities were measured with the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Balance data for the FRT, POMA balance subtest, POMA gait subtest, and POMA total score were correlated with ankle ROM using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PCC). RESULTS: Correlations between ROM and balance scores were found, ranging from.29 to.63. The POMA gait subtest and FRT resulted in higher correlations with ROM than did the POMA balance subtest (left total AAROM PCC=.63,.51, and.31). Correlations using composite ankle ROM scores were higher than individual motions. The strongest correlation existed between bilateral, total ankle AAROM and the POMA gait subtest scores (PCC=. 63) CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Correlations exist between ankle ROM and balance in community-dwelling elderly women. Additional research is needed to determine whether treatment directed at increasing ankle ROM can improve balance.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1999

Ventilatory strategies for the critically ill infant and child.

As newer modes of mechanical ventilation and adjuncts to ventilation continue to be developed and studied, pediatric critical care practitioners are going to have many exciting options for the treatment of the critically ill infant and child. All who provide care to these critically ill patients must continue to evaluate these varied ventilatory strategies.

Child↗
PubMed1990

A pharmacological study of the responses induced by muscarinic agonists on the isolated superior cervical ganglion of the guinea-pig.

We have studied the muscarinic agonist induced responses on the guinea-pig superior cervical ganglion in vitro, as recorded from the internal carotid nerve using a grease-gap. The principal response was a depolarization, but a small hyperpolarizing response could be revealed under certain conditions. We determined the pA2 of a number of muscarinic antagonists against the muscarine induced depolarization. Four selective antagonists and atropine appeared to act competitively. The rank order of their pA2s was 4-DAMP (8.5), atropine (8.4), pirenzepine (8.0), methoctramine (7.2) and AF-DX 116 (6.3). In addition to muscarine, we assessed the potency and relative maximum response of nine other muscarinic compounds to depolarize this preparation: carbachol, 5-methylfurmethide, oxotremorine, oxotremorine-M, pilocarpine, RS 86, AF102B and two novel compounds L-670548 and L-679512. L-670548 was the most potent and AF102B was the least potent agonist tested. Only AF102B evoked a maximum depolarization that was significantly smaller than muscarine. A hyperpolarizing response to carbachol (1 microM) could be recorded when the superfusing medium contained 0.3 microM pirenzepine and only 0.1 mM CaCl2 (cf. usual 2.5 mM). This response was relatively small compared to that evoked on the superior cervical ganglion of the rat. It was blocked by the cardioselective antagonists methoctramine (0.1-0.3 microM) and AF-DX 116 (0.3-1.0 microM). Of the 10 agonists tested, only carbachol, oxotremorine and oxotremorine-M reproducibly evoked a hyperpolarizing response. It was concluded that muscarinic agonists can induce a depolarization of the guinea-pig superior cervical ganglion mediated by M1 receptors. The activation of cardiac-like M2 receptors resulted in a hyperpolarizing response that was relatively small.

Animals↗