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Biomedical subjects

K E Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to K E Nelson.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Sign language acquisition in a mute autistic boy.

A mute autistic boy learned to communicate extensively through American Sign Language. Over a six-month period he produced many spontaneous signs and sign combinations, and analyses of child's sign combinations indicated the presence of a full range of semantic relations. Further evidence of conceptual progress was provided by the child's increased score on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. In addition, parents' and teacher's reports indicated that the child's social behavior improved. The extent of the boy's linguistic progress and associated improvement in social behavior markedly exceeds that usually reported for mute autistic children.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1976

The epidemiology and natural history of streptococcal pyoderma: an endemic disease of the rural southern United States.

In order to study the natural history of endemic pyoderma, the host and environmental risk factors to infection, the immunologic response and the risk of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) a prospective study was done between June 29 and December 13, 1970 in 444 black children aged 2-6 years attending project Headstart centers in Holmes County, Mississippi. The weekly prevalence of pyoderma was about 40-50% during July and August but decreased to 4% during the last week of the study. "Pyoderma-type" serotypes of group A streptococci were isolated from about 70% of the skin lesions and similar serotypes were also commonly isolated from the pharynx. The seasonal prevalence and T and M typing pattern of most of the pharyngeal isolates mirrored the skin isolates. Many of the streptococci appear to belong to previously unrecognized M-types and one strain has been designated provisional M type 67 by the International Subcommittee on Pneumococci and Streptococci. Staphylococci were also isolated commonly from the skin lesions, especially late in their evolution. Despite an 80% incidence of streptococcal pyoderma during the summer months, only 3 children (0.67%) developed AGN; all of these children had clinically mild disease. The risk of a major outbreak of AGN in populations like these is substantial. Surveillance for clusters of AGN is indicated and widespread benzathine penicillin prophylaxis should be used in the event of an outbreak. Also, further research to determine the long term prognosis of clinically mild AGN and to detect useful laboratory markers of nephritogenicity are indicated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The role of adenoviruses in the pertussis syndrome.

To define the role of adenoviruses in the pertussis syndrome, a study was done of a group of 134 children with clinical pertussis and a healthy control population of similar age, race, sex, and socioeconomic status. Adenovirus infections occurred in 30 (22.4%) of 134 patients with the pertussis syndrome and 5 (4.9%) of 101 control subjects (p smaller than 0.001). B. pertussis was recovered from 46 (34.3%) patients, and from 18 (39.1%) of these patients adenoviruses were also isolated. Although adenovirus infections also occurred in patients with the pertussis syndrome with negative cultures for B. pertussis, the rate, 12 of 88 patients (13.6%), was significantly lower (p smaller than 0.001). The clinical course was similar irrespective of the results of bacterial or viral cultures. These data substantiate the frequent association of adenoviruses with the pertussis syndrome, It would appear that adenoviruses do not usually have an independent role in the pathogenesis of the pertussis syndrome since we found them so commonly to be one agent in a mixed infection.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

The sudden infant death syndrome and epidemic viral disease.

A study was done to investigate the relationship between the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and epidemic respiratory viral disease among hospitalized children under 18 months of age. During the 42 month-period of this study, there were 778 sudden infant deaths in Chicago and 3244 hospital admissions of children under 18 months for respiratory disease. Four outbreaks of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus infections, three outbreaks of influenza A virus infections, and several small clusters of parainfluenza virus infections occurred during the course of this study. Influenza A was the only virus infection found to have a statistically significant association with SIDS. Although environmental temperature was also significantly correlated with SIDS, the association with influenza A virus infection was independent of this temperature effect and neither association was strong.

Black People↗
PubMed1975

Trichomonas vaginalis in a perinephric abscess. A case report.

A patient with chronic vulvo-vaginitis due to Trichomonas vaginalis, and obstructive uropathy associated with renal calculi, developed a perinephric abscess following trauma incurred in a motorcycle accident. T. vaginalis was seen on smear and cultured from the purulent drainage from the perinephric abscess. Although T. vaginalis is commonly pathogenic only to the lower genito-urinary system, the upper urinary tract may very rarely be involved by ascending infection. If this protozoan spreads to extraluminal sites the inflammatory potential is marked, as has been found in animals with experimental infection. Examination of a fresh smear of pus may be critically important in the diagnosis of closed-space infections of unknown etiology.

Abscess↗
PubMed1975

An unusual outbreak of brucellosis.

A Brucella melitensis infection involved three persons. The infections were acquired by contact with a culture suspension that had been spilled during a laboratory exercise. One of the patients had only indirect contact with the spilled culture, probably contact with contaminated fomites. Another of the patients developed a clinical remission before treatment with antibiotics and relapsed after six months. This patient also had a positive bone marrow culture when blood cultures were negative. The type of antibody response persisting in the sera of convalescents was studied by treating the sera with mercaptoethanol and rabbit antihuman IgM sera. In the patient who relapsed, IgG antibody predominated, whereas IgM persisted for over two years in the patient without relapsing disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Type-specific opsonic antibodies in streptococcal pyoderma.

Prospective studies of streptococcal pyoderma were carried out among black children enrolled in Project Headstart centers in Holmes County, Miss. Sera collected from 28 of these children in early October were tested for opsonic antibodies to one of two prevalent skin strains of group A streptococci isolated from them on one or more occasions over the preceding 3 months. The two streptococcal strains (A and B) belong to M-types previously unrecognized. Ten subjects (36%) had antibody to their homologous serotypes detectable by the indirect bactericidal test: this included 6 of 10 subjects infected with strain B but only 4 of 18 infected with strain A (P < 0.05). Of 17 children who had strains A or B isolated from skin lesions only, 12% developed type-specific antibodies (TSA) against the infecting serotype. In contrast, 11 subjects had these strains isolated from throat cultures (either with or without associated pyoderma), and 72% had detectable TSA (P < 0.01). There was no demonstrable relationship between the development of antibodies to streptococcal extracellular products or to non-type-specific cellular antigens and the development of TSA. These results demonstrate that type-specific immune responses do occur following infection with pyoderma streptococci. The frequency with which such antibodies develop is variable and appears related to a number of factors, including the immunologic properties of the infecting strain and the site of bacterial colonization. Pharyngeal carriage may represent an important mechanism for development of acquired immunity to skin strains of group A streptococci.

Antibody Specificity↗