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K E Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to K E Jensen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dGEMRIC) of hip joint cartilage: better cartilage delineation after intra-articular than intravenous gadolinium injection.

PURPOSE: To investigate and compare delayed gadolinium (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cartilage (dGEMRIC) in the hip joint using intravenous (i.v.) or ultrasound-guided intra-articular (i.a.) Gd-DTPA injection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 10 patients (50% males, mean age 58 years) with clinical and radiographic hip osteoarthritis (OA; Kellgren score II-III), MRI of the hip was performed twice on a clinical 1.5T MR scanner: On day 1, before and 90-180 min after 0.3 mmol/kg body weight i.v. Gd-DTPA and, on day 8, 90-180 min after ultrasound-guided i.a. injection of a 4 mmol/l Gd-DTPA solution. Coronal STIR, coronal T1 fat-saturated spin-echo, and a cartilage-sensitive gradient-echo sequence (3D T1 SPGR) in the sagittal plane were applied. RESULTS Both the post-i.v. and post-i.a. Gd-DTPA images showed significantly higher signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) in the joint cartilage compared to the non-enhanced images (P < 0.002). I.a. Gd-DTPA provided significantly higher SNR and CNR compared to i.v. Gd-DTPA (P < 0.01). Furthermore, a better delineation of the cartilage in the synovial/cartilage zone and of the chondral/subchondral border was observed. CONCLUSION: The dGEMRIC MRI method markedly improved delineation of hip joint cartilage compared to non-enhanced MRI. The i.a. Gd-DTPA provided the best cartilage delineation. dGEMRIC is a clinically applicable MRI method that may improve identification of early subtle cartilage damage and the accuracy of volume measurements of hip joint cartilage.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR), and conventional radiographs in the evaluation of osteoporosis and bone erosions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) in the metacarpal bones and forearm measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) and radiological alterations in patients with early and established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In each of the three disease duration groups, 11 female RA patients were included. The patients were further divided into two groups according to bone erosions. BMD in the metacarpals was evaluated by DXA and DXR. RESULTS: A significant relationship between DXA-BMD and DXR-BMD was observed. DXR-BMD and the individually combined cortical thickness (CT) of the metacarpo-phalangeal (MCP) joints were related to disease duration and erosions. Patients with erosive disease had lower values of age- and sex-adjusted BMD measured with DXA, but most significantly with DXR. CONCLUSION: DXR appears to be a more sensitive method than DXA in detecting early bone loss in patients with RA. The relationship of DXR-BMD to disease duration and bone damage indicates that the DXR method may be useful in the evaluation of disease activity and progression.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2004

Bone loss in unclassified polyarthritis and early rheumatoid arthritis is better detected by digital x ray radiogrammetry than dual x ray absorptiometry: relationship with disease activity and radiographic outcome.

OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in regional bone mineral density (BMD) of the metacarpal joints measured by dual x ray absorptiometry (DXA) and digital x ray radiogrammetry (DXR) in relation to disease activity and radiographic outcome in a two year follow up study of patients with early RA and unclassified polyarthritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 72 patients with symmetrically swollen and tender second and third metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joints for at least four weeks and less than two years were included. 51 patients fulfilled the ACR criteria for RA. 21 patients had unclassified polyarthritis. The patients with RA were divided into groups according to mean disease activity, average glucocorticoid dose, and MRI and x ray detected bone erosions in the hands. Clinical and biochemical measurements were made every month and an x ray examination of the hands and BMD of the metacarpal joints every six months. RESULTS: DXR BMD decreased significantly only in patients with RA from month 6 and was associated with the mean disease activity. Patients with RA and erosive as well as non-erosive disease showed a significant decrease in the rate of bone loss, greatest in those with erosive disease. No changes in BMD measured by DXA were seen in any patient group. CONCLUSION: DXR is a useful measure of the destructive disease activity in patients with RA and unclassified polyarthritis, providing valuable information about bone changes associated with disease activity and erosive disease in early RA. DXR is better than DXA for detecting and monitoring periarticular osteoporosis of the metacarpal bone.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2001

The influence of mannose binding lectin polymorphisms on disease outcome in early polyarthritis. TIRA Group.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether variant alleles of the mannose binding lectin (MBL) gene causing low serum concentrations of MBL are associated with increased susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and erosive outcome in an inception cohort of patients with early polyarthritis. METHODS: MBL and HLA-DRB1 alleles were determined by polymerase chain reaction in 68 Danish patients with incident early polyarthritis observed for one year. The associations between MBL and specific HLA-DRB1 genotypes and disease outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the patients with early polyarthritis 7.4% (5/68) and 41.2% (28/68) were homozygous and heterozygous for MBL variant alleles, compared with 2.8% (7/250) and 34.4% (86/250) of healthy controls (p = 0.09), while the corresponding figures in the patients with RA were 10% (5/50) and 42% (21/50) (p = 0.03), and in the patients with erosive RA 18.8% (3/16) and 35.3% (6/16), respectively (p = 0.004). Patients with early polyarthritis homozygous for MBL variant alleles had an increased risk of having erosive RA at inclusion by a factor of 4.7 (p = 0.02) and after one year by a factor of 3.6 (p = 0.04). MBL deficiency was associated with increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) at inclusion (p < 0.05). HLA-DRB1 alleles were not found to be associated with disease outcome. CONCLUSION: MBL variant alleles appear to be weak susceptibility markers for RA, and patients with early polyarthritis and homozygous for MBL structural variant alleles have a higher risk of developing early erosive RA. These findings, together with the positive association between MBL variant alleles and the increased serum levels of IgM RF and CRP, point at the MBL gene as a relevant locus in the pathophysiology of RA.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Magnetic resonance imaging as a marker of inflammation, destruction and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis wrists].

To evaluate MRI for assessment of inflammation, destruction and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 26 RA patients, randomized to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy alone or in combination with oral prednisolone, were followed for one year with contrast-enhanced MRI of the dominant wrist (months zero, three, six and 12), conventional radiography and clinical and biochemical examinations. Significant synovial membrane volume reductions were observed in both groups, earliest in the DMARD + prednisolone group. The rate of erosive progression on MRI was highly correlated with baseline and area-under-curve (AUC)-values of synovial membrane volume, but not with baseline or AUC-values of local or global clinical or biochemical parameters, nor with +/- prednisolone. MRI was more sensitive than radiography as regards detection of progressive bone destruction (22 versus 12 new bone erosions). MRI may prove valuable as marker of joint disease activity and destruction and, perhaps, prognosis in RA.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Otomycosis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2000

Magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, and scintigraphy of the finger joints: one year follow up of patients with early arthritis. The TIRA Group.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate synovial membrane hypertrophy, tenosynovitis, and erosion development of the 2nd to 5th metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints by magnetic resonance imaging in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or suspected RA followed up for one year. Additionally, to compare the results with radiography, bone scintigraphy, and clinical findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty five patients were examined at baseline, of whom 34 were followed up for one year. Twenty one patients already fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for RA at baseline, five fulfilled the criteria only after one year's follow up, whereas eight maintained the original diagnosis of early unclassified polyarthritis. The following MRI variables were assessed at baseline and one year: synovial membrane hypertrophy score, number of erosions, and tenosynovitis score. RESULTS: MRI detected progression of erosions earlier and more often than did radiography of the same joints; at baseline the MRI to radiography ratio was 28:4. Erosions were exclusively found in patients with RA at baseline or fulfilling the ACR criteria at one year. At one year follow up, scores of MR synovial membrane hypertrophy, tenosynovitis, and scintigraphic tracer accumulation had not changed significantly from baseline; in contrast, swollen and tender joint counts had declined significantly (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MRI detected more erosions than radiography. MR synovial membrane hypertrophy and scintigraphy scores did not parallel the changes seen over time in clinically assessed swollen and tender joint counts. Although joint disease activity may be assessed as quiescent by conventional clinical methods, a more detailed evaluation by MRI may show that a pathological condition is still present within the synovium.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Magnetic resonance imaging-determined synovial membrane volume as a marker of disease activity and a predictor of progressive joint destruction in the wrists of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the synovial membrane volume, determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as a marker of joint disease activity and a predictor of progressive joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Twenty-six patients with RA, randomized to receive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy alone (11 patients) or DMARDs in combination with oral prednisolone (15 patients), were followed up for 1 year with contrast-enhanced MRI of the dominant wrist (months 0, 3, 6, and 12), conventional radiography (months 0 and 12), and clinical and biochemical examinations. Bone erosion (by MRI and radiography) and synovial membrane volumes (by MRI) were assessed. RESULTS: Significant synovial membrane volume reductions were observed after 3 and 6 months in the DMARD + prednisolone group, and after 6 and 12 months in the DMARD-alone group (P < 0.01-0.02, by Wilcoxon-Pratt analysis). The rate of erosive progression on MRI was highly correlated with baseline scores and, particularly, with area under the curve (AUC) values of synovial membrane volume (Spearman's sigma = 0.69, P < 0.001), but not with baseline or AUC values of local or global clinical or biochemical parameters, or with prednisolone treatment. In none of 5 wrists with baseline volumes <5 cm3, but in 8 of 10 wrists with baseline volumes > or =10 cm3, erosive progression was found by MRI and/or radiography, indicating a predictive value of synovial membrane volumes. MRI was more sensitive than radiography for the detection of progressive bone destruction (22 versus 12 new bone erosions). CONCLUSION: MRI-determined synovial membrane volumes are closely related to the rate of progressive joint destruction. Quantitative MRI assessment of synovitis may prove valuable as a marker of joint disease activity and a predictor of progressive joint destruction in RA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Tuberculous cellulitis in a child demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

The increasing prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis means that it is important for clinicians to review their knowledge of unusual presentations of mycobacterial infections. Involvement of subcutaneous tissue and skeletal muscle is rare in tuberculosis. Occasionally, infection of soft tissue may be the sole manifestation of tuberculosis. Apart from cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis, the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis may be difficult. Modern imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, may be helpful in making a differential diagnosis. We present here a case of tuberculous cellulitis in an immunocompetent child and discuss the contribution of MRI in diagnosis.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1999

Wrist and finger joint MR imaging in rheumatoid arthritis.

PURPOSE: To elaborate the best MR imaging protocol for studies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the sensitivity and interobserver agreement with respect to detection of bone erosions (MR and radiography) and grading of synovial membrane hypertrophy (MR imaging only). MATERIAL AND METHODS: MR imaging and conventional radiography of wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were performed in 41 RA patients and 3 healthy controls. The following pulse sequences were applied: T1-weighted spin-echo (T1-SE) with and without contrast enhancement, T2-SE, T2-turbo-SE, T1-2D-FLASH, T1-3D-FLASH, fat-saturated-T1-SE, STIR and 3D-DESS. RESULTS: Bone erosions were found by MR compared to radiography in 261 versus 85 bones of the wrist (ratio 3.1) and 59 versus 21 MCP joint quadrants (ratio 2.81). MR and radiography interobserver agreements were both approximately 90%. Likewise, MR scored synovial membrane hypertrophy in wrist and MCP joints with a high interobserver agreement. The most informative MR sequence appeared to be contrast-enhanced T1-SE MR, preferably with fat saturation. A STIR sequence or T2-weighted fat saturation sequence was useful in screening for joint disease. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of MR is superior to conventional radiography with respect to detection of bone erosions in wrist and MCP joints. The interobserver agreement for MR and radiography was similar. Thus, MR of wrist and finger joints may become a useful supplement to conventional radiography in the evaluation of RA patients in clinical trials and clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Volvulus of the transverse colon in children.

Volvulus of the transverse colon is extremely rare in children. A case report of this unusual condition in a 9-year-old girl is presented together with a review of the literature. The transverse colon volvulus was managed operatively by detorsion. Four and half months later, she had a similar attack. Colonoscopic detorsion was performed with elective resection of the transverse colon and primary anastomosis. Recovery was uneventful. Possible factors of pathogenesis are discussed, and an outline of diagnostic and therapeutic measures are included.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[Ultrasonically guided gastroscopically assisted percutaneous internal drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts].

Non-surgical procedures are increasingly being used for drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. We describe the results of placement of a double pigtail cystogastric stent under ultrasonographic and gastroscopic guidance. The stent was placed in 22 of 25 pseudocysts. There was no mortality associated with the procedure and the total complication rate was 20%. The cysts resolved in all patients and 87% reported reduction of abdominal pain. The median stent-time was 347 days and there were no cyst recurrences or complications during that time. After removal of the stent four out of 19 patients had recurrences. After placement of a second stent in these four patients there were no recurrences. Treatment with a cystogastric stent is comparable to surgical cystogastrostomy as regards to results and has fewer complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Shore-term stimulation with myeloid growth factors expands bone marrow hematopoiesis. A magnetic resonance spectroscopic study].

The present study is intended to investigate the expansion of haematopoiesis by localised volume selective proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) during treatment with myeloid growth factors. Six consecutive patients were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF, n = 2) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF, n = 4) for five days before marrow harvest. MRS investigations were performed prior to treatment (day 0), day 5 and day 12. The patients responded with a rise in blood absolute neutrophil count from median 3.3 x 10(9)/l (range 1.3-7.3 x 10(9)/l) before to 15.6 x 10(9)l (range 6.8-22.0 x 10(9)/l) after treatment. Concomitantly an increase in bone marrow cellularity and myeloid:erythroid ratios documented the stimulation of myelopoiesis. During priming, the light-density cell proliferation rate in marrow samples increased from median 21.9 (range 4.5-31) x 10(3) cpm to 54.7 (range 13.9-94) x 10(3) cpm and the total number of myeloid progenitors enumerated as day 7/14 GM-CFUs per volume aspirated marrow increased from median 11/8 x 10(3) (range 4.0-87.5/2.2-103.0) to 64/76. x 10(3) (range 28.4-1180.6/23.2-2850.0). MRS detected a significant increase in bone marrow "relative water content" day 12, one week after myeloid growth factor treatment was stopped, from median 30.5% (range 16-45) to 79% (range 56-93) (p < 0.05). Haematopoiesis was concommittantly detected in new areas of femur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Magnetic resonance in hematological diseases. Imaging of bone marrow].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive alternative to plain radiography, CT, and radionuclide studies for the imaging of normal and abnormal bone marrow. The cellularity and the corresponding fat/water ratio within the bone marrow show clear changes in haematological diseases. This enables MRI to detect differences between fatty, fibrotic, aplastic and hypercellular marrow in patients with haematological disease. MRI can evaluate the distribution of bone marrow disease because it has the potential for visualization of almost the entire bone marrow compartment. However, MRI is unable to establish the primary diagnosis in haematological bone marrow disease with diffuse hypercellular marrow. In case of insufficient biopsy, MRI can provide important differential diagnostic information as well as guidance for further biopsy attempts. MRI is a useful complement to morphological bone marrow evaluation in malignancies with focal marrow involvement, such as malignant lymphoma or metastases.

Bone Marrow↗