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Biomedical subjects

K Dohi

Publications and source records attributed to K Dohi.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
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Intermittent intraperitoneal implantation of islets in rat islet transplantation.

Two critical issues need to be addressed regarding islet cell transplantation: obtaining sufficient supply of cells for implantation, and the maintenance of the viability of these cells. Our present study has two protocols. One is islet cell implantation under the renal capsule, and the other, repeated injection of islet cells into the peritoneal cavity. These two methods were compared in an isogeneic transplant model in the rat to determine the more clinically beneficial method. Transplantation of 2000-2500 islet under the capsule of the kidney resulted in normalized blood sugar levels for more than 100 days in four of five rats with hyperglycemia. However, normalization for the same duration by islet cell injection into the peritoneal cavity necessitated repetition of injections in two out of three tested rats. In view of the similarity of the results obtained with these two protocols, intraperitoneal implantation of a few cells is preferable, because the need for prolonged cell preservation is avoided.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The deeper the negativity of the T waves recorded, the greater is the effectiveness of reperfusion of the myocardium.

We evaluated the time course of QT intervals and the amplitude of T waves, and their relationship to subsequent left ventricular regional wall motions in 88 patients with successfully reperfused acute myocardial infarction (MI). The QTc intervals and the amplitude of inverted T waves of lead V3 in patients with anterior MI and of lead III in patients with inferior MI were measured for 1 month after MI. Patients were classified as having severe T wave inversion or mild T wave inversion within 3 days of MI, based on a measurement of 0.5 mV in the anterior MI cases and 0.3 mV in the inferior MI cases. Chronicphase left ventriculography was performed 5 months later, and hypokinesis of the infarct site was measured using the centerline method. The T waves inverted after reperfusion in 86 patients (98%). The inverted T waves deepened twice, with the first negative peak about 48 h and the second negative peak about 18 days after MI. QTc intervals became prolonged as the T waves deepened. The extent of hypokinesis in the chronic phase correlated with the amplitude of inverted T waves and QTc intervals when the T waves were deepest. The group with severe T wave inversion had less extensive hypokinesis, a lower maximum serum creatine kinase level and a shorter time to reperfusion from the onset of symptoms than the group with mild inversion. We conclude that the degree of T wave inversion 48 h after MI is predictive of abnormalities in left ventricular regional wall motions in the chronic phase. A deep inverted T wave in the acute phase of MI indicates an abundantly stunned myocardium.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and responsiveness to IL-2 of peripheral blood lymphocytes in minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

We investigated the role cell-mediated immunity in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) by measuring interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and the responsiveness to IL-2 of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). PBL from patients with MCNS, who were in the nephrotic stage prior to initiation of prednisolone (PSL) treatment or who were in remission for less than 1 yr, exhibited significantly lower levels of IL-2 production. In contrast, PBL from patients with MCNS, who were in remission for more than 1 yr or who could remit from the PSL regimen, showed normal IL-2 production. IL-2 production by CD4+ cells from patients with MCNS in the nephrotic stage was normal, but that by CD8+ cells was markedly reduced, however returned to normal when the disease was in remission. The responsiveness to exogenous IL-2 of concanavalin A-induced lymphoblasts from patients with MCNS was significantly lower, although the proportion of Tac antigen-positive cells did not differ from that of healthy volunteers. These findings suggest that defective IL-2 production and IL-2 responsiveness of PBL in patients with MCNS contribute to the pathogenesis of MCNS.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after radical hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma--results of long-term follow-up.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This clinical study aimed to clarify the effectiveness and indication of adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) that is performed to prevent recurrence after radical hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODOLOGY: From January 1986 to December 1992, 135 HCC patients, who tolerated curative hepatic resection in which all of the macroscopic HCC was removed, were included in this study. They were divided into two groups. One group was comprised of 68 patients who received HAIC after radical hepatectomy (HAIC (+) group), and the other group was comprised of 67 patients who received radical hepatectomy alone (HAIC (-) group). In the HAIC (+) group, an emulsion of doxorubicin (30-50 mg) and lipiodol (3-5 ml) was injected from a reservoir every 2 or 3 months for 1 year. RESULTS: The cumulative survival rates in the HAIC (+) group (79.1%, 54.5% and 39.9% at 3, 5, and 7 years after hepatectomy, respectively) were better than those in the HAIC (-) group (69.2%, 38.1% and 26.8%, respectively) (p = 0.086). The disease-free survival rates in the HAIC (+) group (50.8%, 31.7% and 25.6% at 3, 5, and 7 years after hepatectomy, respectively) were significantly better than those in the HAIC (-) group (25.7%, 20.6% and 6.4%, respectively) (p = 0.006). This improvement was evident for 3 years after hepatectomy. The adjuvant HAIC was effective especially in patients with good liver function, whose tumor size ranged between 2.1 cm and 5 cm in diameter, and who received a minor hepatic resection. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant HAIC was effective in preventing recurrence after radical hepatectomy for HCC. This treatment is especially indicated for patients with good liver function, whose tumor size ranges between 2.1 cm and 5 cm in diameter, and who have received a minor hepatic resection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic resection with tumor thrombectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in the major vasculatures.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is still controversial whether surgical or non-surgical treatments should be adopted for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) with tumor thrombi (TT) in the major vasculatures. We evaluate the effectiveness of and the indications for hepatic resection with tumor thrombectomy for such patients. METHODOLOGY: Seventeen patients with TT in the major vasculatures caused by HCC were enrolled. Eleven patients had Vp3 TT, 5 patients had Vv3 TT, and 1 patient had Vp3 and Vv3 TT, concurrently. Out of the 17 patients, 13 underwent hepatic resections with tumor thrombectomies and the remaining 4 received only hepatic resections without tumor thrombectomies. RESULTS: In patients with Vp3 TT, median and mean survival times were 7.8 and 18.5 months, respectively, and 1- and 5-year survival rates were 36.4% and 18.2%, respectively. In patients with Vv3 TT, median and mean survival times were 9.9 and 8.4 months, respectively. Patients who underwent hepatic resections with tumor thrombectomies had significantly better prognoses than those who did not receive tumor thrombectomies (p=0.0039). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of HCC patients with TT in the major vasculatures, who have relatively small primary tumors, good hepatic functional reserves and no distant metastases should be good, if hepatic resections with tumor thrombectomies are performed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of cardiac arrest on the blood-testis barrier to albumin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, sucrose, and verapamil in the mouse.

Impotence commonly occurs after events such as acute myocardial infarction, coronary bypass, head trauma, and cerebral bleeding, including subarachnoid hemorrhage. We hypothesize that the hypoxia accompanying these events could damage the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and so cause testicular dysfunction, a possible cause of impotence. We examined the effect of cardiac arrest in mice on testis weight and various aspects of BTB function. Testis weight was decreased by about 24% 12 hours after cardiac arrest but had recovered fully by day 7. The testis/serum ratio for albumin was increased 12 hours after arrest, showing a disruption in the vascular BTB with recovery by 24 hours. The testis/serum ratio for sucrose was not consistently elevated, showing that the Sertoli cell BTB remained intact. The testis/serum ratio for verapamil was increased on day 3 of cardiac arrest, suggesting impaired function of the BTB's p-glycoprotein efflux transporter. Transporters for pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were not affected by cardiac arrest. These results show that cardiac arrest affects testis weight and some aspects of BTB function. Such changes might have long-term effects on testicular function.

Albumins↗