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Biomedical subjects

K Dohi

Publications and source records attributed to K Dohi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Inhibitory effect of tannin in green tea on the proliferation of mesangial cells.

The effect of green tea tannin on the proliferation of mesangial cells was determined in terms of [3H]thymidine uptake. When green tea tannin was added to the medium of mesangial cell cultures, it suppressed the proliferation of mesangial cells markedly. In particular, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, the predominant component of the green tea tannin mixture, exerted an inhibitory effect at a relatively low concentration, suggesting a direct corroboration of the renal effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Glomerular lesions in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria.

To evaluate the renal structural changes in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we studied the renal histological findings and urinary albumin excretion in 75 patients with NIDDM. They were divided into two groups according to excretion of urinary albumin: 40 cases of normoalbuminuria and 35 cases of microalbuminuria. Renal biopsy specimens were evaluated by light microscopy. Diffuse glomerular lesions were graded on a scale of D0 through DIV (Gellman's criteria). The incidence of microalbuminuria was 19.2% in D0, 53.3% in DI, 61.5% in DII and 100% in DIII. Grade IV lesions were not present in either group. Creatinine clearance differed significantly between the groups with and without microalbuminuria. There was no difference between the groups with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria in the incidence of retinopathy and hypertension, or in the urinary excretion of beta 2MG and NAG. We conclude that microalbuminuria in NIDDM indicates the early morphological changes of glomerular lesions.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1993

DNA conformation polymorphism analysis of DR52 associated HLA-DR antigens by polymerase chain reaction: a simple, economical and rapid examination for HLA matching in transplantation.

HLA-DRB1 and -DRB3 alleles of DR52-associated (DR52ass) HLA-DR antigens were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - based simple and practical method. Genomic DNAs from two hundred Japanese panels were subjected to PCR with two pairs of primers to separately amplify the DR52ass-DRB1 (DR3, 5, 6, and 8) alleles and DRB3 (DR52) alleles. The specific amplification revealed that 128 and 76 panels possessed DR52ass alleles and DRB3 alleles, respectively. PCR products from these panels were heat-denatured, electrophoresed in a non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel, and visualized by silver staining. Electrophoretic mobilities of the DNA samples were compared with those of the typing standards with known genotypes of DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles. This method, designated PCR-DNA conformation polymorphism (DCP) analysis, allowed genotyping of the DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles of panels without any sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) or restriction endonuclease, and the entire process after PCR could be completed within a few hours. Because the DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles assigned by this method were shown to be identical to those determined by the PCR-SSOP method, PCR-DCP analysis was suggested to be a simple and practical HLA genotyping method.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical localization of advanced glycosylation end products in coronary atheroma and cardiac tissue in diabetes mellitus.

Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) accumulate on long-lived extracellular matrix proteins and have been implicated in the micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Within the arterial wall, AGE-modified proteins increase vascular permeability, inactivate nitric oxide activity, and induce the release of growth-promoting cytokines. Recently developed anti-AGE antibodies were used in an immunohistochemical analysis of coronary arteries obtained from type II diabetic and nondiabetic patients. High levels of AGE reactivity were observed within the atherosclerotic plaque present in vessels from selected patients with diabetes. Considered together with the pathological effects of AGEs on vascular wall homeostasis, these data support the role of advanced glycosylation in the rapidly progressive atherosclerosis associated with diabetes mellitus.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Inhibitory effects of crude drug components on the proliferation of cultured human mesangial cells.

The effects of a component of an Oriental medicine and green tea plants utilized for the traditional beverage on the proliferation of mesangial cells were determined in terms of the 3H-thymidine uptake. When magnesium lithospermate B was added to the medium of the mesangial cell culture, it suppressed the proliferation of mesangial cells at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml. The 3H-thymidine uptake began to display an inhibitory action from the 6.25 micrograms/ml (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate or green tea tannin mixture, showing a more conspicuous inhibition at 50 micrograms/ml that did the magnesium lithospermate B at the corresponding concentration. In particular, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, the predominant component of the green tea tannin mixture, exerted an inhibitory effect at a relatively low concentration.

Catechin↗
PubMed1993

Urinary levels of IL-6 in patients with active lupus nephritis.

Using the IL-6 dependent hybridoma, MH60.BSF2, we measured urinary levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in 29 patients with active lupus nephritis. We detected IL-6 activity in the urine of 24 (83%) of 29 patients before the initiation of therapy. The median value of urinary IL-6 levels in patients with a histologic diagnosis of WHO class IV on renal biopsy was significantly higher than that in patients with other classes (p < 0.01). After treatment, urinary levels of IL-6 decreased significantly (p < 0.001). These data suggest that urinary levels of IL-6 may be a valuable tool for monitoring the progression of lupus nephritis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1993

[Progressive course of nephropathy with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--structural-functional relationship].

We studied quantitatively a morphological change in diabetic nephropathy by light microscopy. The renal biopsy specimens were examined using color image processor in 53 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). These patients, aged 22 to 69 years, had been NIDDM for 2 months to 27 years. Glomerular area (GA), mesangial rate (MR) and length of capillary filtration (CFL) were used as the morphological parameters. Duration of diabetes, urinary albumin excretion and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were chosen as clinical manifestations. Duration of diabetes was correlated with MR (r = 0.55, p < 0.01), but not GA. Glomerular hypertrophy could not be found. A significant relationship between Ccr and CFL were noticed (r = 0.64, p < 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of breast cancer with multiple organ metastases in which single low dose administration of 5'-DFUR proved effective].

A 58-year-old woman with multiple organ metastases from breast cancer who had undergone radical mastectomy three years ago, was treated with oral 5'-DFUR 600 mg/day. Complete remission (CR) of lymph node metastasis has been maintained for twenty-two weeks, with partial response (PR) against skin, liver and pleural metastases from 94 weeks of treatment. The patient, who continues to be treated, is well and enjoying a favorable quality of life. 5'-DFUR is considered to be an effective first choice for treating a patient with advanced or recurrent breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Role of interleukin-6 in the progression of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (mesPGN) is histologically characterized by proliferation of mesangial cells (MC), suggesting the involvement of a growth factor for MC in the pathogenesis of mesPGN. We have previously shown that interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces proliferation of cultured rat mesangial cells, and urine samples from patients with IgA nephropathy contain high level of IL-6 activity. We have also demonstrated that transgenic mice carrying a human IL-6 genomic gene showed severe mesangial proliferation and matrix enlargement. Urinary samples of patients with lupus nephritis as well as IgA nephropathy contain significant IL-6 activity. Over a ten month follow-up, a positive correlation between the urinary IL-6 and pathological score was observed. Hence, measurement of urinary IL-6 can be used as a good indicator for monitoring IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. Using RT-PCR methods, IL-6 mRNA was detected in the glomeruli of renal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Successful treatment by simultaneous hepatic venoplasty and cavoplasty for Budd-Chiari syndrome with obstruction of retrohepatic inferior vena cava.

BACKGROUND: Various surgical procedures for treating chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome have been established, but none are adequate because of the variation in underlying pathologic vascular changes. METHODS: This article presents a 32-year-old patient with a 5 cm long segment of obstruction of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava involving the main hepatic veins with severe portal hypertension. RESULTS: After five unsuccessful attempts at percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, simultaneous hepatic venoplasty was conducted with the saphenous vein patch and retrohepatic inferior venacavoplasty by the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch with a 3 cm long cuff interposition for suprahepatic reconstruction of the inferior vena cava. Hypothermic preserved liver perfusion after vascular isolation and femoroportoaxillary venovenous bypass with a centrifugal blood pump throughout the anhepatic stage ensured safe operation on the liver and maintained hemodynamics. Early postoperative anticoagulant is recommended. CONCLUSIONS: An uneventful postoperative course and a 10-month follow-up showing excellent condition indicated this one-stage simultaneous patch hepatic venoplasty and cavoplasty to be adequate for appropriate correction very of complex obstructive vascular lesions in Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Randomized adjuvant trial to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen and PSK to chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer. 5-Year results from the Nishi-Nippon Group of the Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer Organization.

BACKGROUND: A randomized adjuvant trial was conducted from October 1982 to January 1985 to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen (TAM) to combination chemotherapy with perioperative mitomycin C (MMC) and ftorafur (FT) for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors and the addition of PSK, a biologic response modifier, to MMC+FT chemotherapy for patients with ER-negative tumors in operable Stage IIA, IIB, and IIIA cancer. The doses used were 20 mg of oral TAM daily, 600 mg of oral FT daily, and 3 g of oral PSK daily for 2 years. Intravenous MMC (13 mg/m2) was given on the day of operation. METHODS: A total of 967 patients were entered and randomized by stratification based on ER status and staging (1978 International Union Against Cancer [UICC] criteria at the time of trial execution). Of 967 patients, 914 (94.5%) were evaluable. At 5-year follow-up, significant prolonged overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) times were seen with the addition of TAM in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer (1987 UICC-American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] criteria); however, no significant survival benefit from TAM was seen in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer. There was no significant difference between regimens, with or without PSK, in patients with ER-negative disease. RESULTS: Results of subset analyses suggested a benefit from TAM in postmenopausal patients with ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer and a benefit from PSK in patients with node-negative, ER-negative, and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The 5-year results of the current trial showed a survival advantage by the addition of TAM to chemotherapy in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

252Cf relative biological effectiveness and inheritable effect of fission neutrons in mouse liver tumorigenesis.

To determine the relative biological effectiveness of 252Cf fission neutrons versus 60Co gamma-rays for inducing liver tumorigenesis, C57BL/6NCrj x C3H/NCrj F1, hereafter called B6C3F1, mice were irradiated once either with 252Cf or 60Co and the tumorigenicity of the two types of radiation was studied. Individual groups of B6C3F1 mice (about 30 mice/group) were irradiated once with 252Cf at doses of 0, 3, 6, 12.5, 50, and 200 cGy for males and 0, 12.5, 50, and 200 cGy for females or with 60Co at doses of 0, 12.5, 50, and 200 cGy for both sexes. The groups were observed for 13 months after irradiation. The incidence of hepatic tumors in nonirradiated controls was 3.8% in males and 3.2% in females. 252Cf irradiation increased the incidence dose dependently in males and females, but less efficiently in females. The mean number and size of hepatic tumors were well correlated with tumor incidence. In contrast, 60Co was less efficient at inducing tumors. The relative biological effectiveness of 252Cf compared to 60Co was quite high in the low-dose range. Overall, the average relative biological effectiveness of 252Cf versus 60Co was 15.2 in males and 2.5 in females. In another experiment, 7-week-old male C3H mice, which are known to be carriers of hepatic tumorinogens, and that were the fathers of the B6C3F1 mice, were irradiated with 0, 50, and 200 cGy of 252Cf, and 2 weeks later they were mated with nonirradiated female C57BL mice. The control mice had nonirradiated fathers. The incidence of hepatic tumors in the offspring of irradiated fathers was 43% in males and 1.7% in females, whereas in the offspring of control mice with nonirradiated fathers the incidence was 3.2% in males and 3.3% in females. The multiplicity of the hepatic tumors was similar to the tumor incidence. Thus our results indicated a strong hepatocarcinogenic potential for 252Cf neutrons compared to 60Co gamma-rays, and that the cancer-prone genetic trait activated by 252Cf irradiation was inherited by first-generation offspring, especially in males.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unique association of p53 mutations with undifferentiated but not with differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid gland.

Thyroid neoplasms show a wide variety of lesions varying from slowly growing differentiated adenocarcinomas to rapidly proliferating undifferentiated carcinomas. There has been some histopathological evidence that the undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas are derived from differentiated carcinomas. Moreover, it is suspected that some genetic events might be associated with such changes. In the present study, mutations in the p53 gene were investigated by direct sequencing analysis after polymerase chain reaction amplification of exons 5 to 8, using paraffin-embedded primary tumors and cultured cells. No mutations in exons 5 to 8 were detected in 10 differentiated papillary adenocarcinomas, whereas 6 of 7 undifferentiated carcinomas were found to carry base substitution mutations. Sequencing analysis confirmed mutations at codons 135 (TGC----TGT), 141 (CCC----CCT), 178 (CAC----GAC), 213 (CGA----TGA), 248 (CGG----CAG, CGG----TGG), and 273 (CGT----TGT). The spectrum of mutations (G:C to A:T transitions in 7 of 8) might be a specific feature of the spontaneous cancers. The results strongly suggest that, in human thyroid glands, p53 mutations play a crucial role in the progression of differentiated carcinomas to undifferentiated ones.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗