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Biomedical subjects

K Conrad

Publications and source records attributed to K Conrad.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The effect of renal disease on tolrestat pharmacokinetics.

Many patients with diabetes who may benefit from treatment with tolrestat, a new aldose reductase inhibitor, will have nephropathy. Therefore the effect of renal dysfunction on the pharmacokinetics of tolrestat was evaluated in eight subjects maintained on hemodialysis, 11 subjects with partial renal impairment (creatinine clearance values ranging from 14 to 80 ml/min/1.73 m2), and eight normal subjects. Each subject received a single oral dose of 200 mg tolrestat. Blood and urine samples were collected during a 48-hour period, and tolrestat concentrations were measured by HPLC. Renal dysfunction had no apparent effect on the rate of absorption or volume of distribution of tolrestat. However, tolrestat clearance was significantly reduced from 30 +/- 3 (SD) ml/hr/kg in the normal subjects to 15 +/- 5 ml/hr/kg in the subjects receiving dialysis, and tolrestat half-life was prolonged from 11 to 16 hours. Therefore a reduction in tolrestat dose is suggested for patients with severe renal impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Gore-Tex implant as tissue filler in cheek-lip groove rejuvenation.

The cheek-lip grooves, often referred to as nasolabial folds, are one of the facial characteristics most commonly complained about by patients in all age groups. A variety of methods for correction have been proposed, using implants or autografts. Some of the methods have relied on diminishing the crest lateral to the groove thus camouflaging the depth of the cheek-lip fold. These procedures have proven to be of limited effect, either because of the amount of correction obtained or because they are short-lasting. The Gore-Tex implant proved its safety and biocompatibility over the past decade as a vascular graft. The characteristics of this implant material are described and compared to other commonly used synthetic implants. A surgical technique of applying the Gore-Tex soft tissue patch in facial aesthetic surgery, particularly in cheek-lip rejuvenation, is presented. This technique has been applied in 17 consecutive patients for the correction of prominent cheek-lip grooves with a follow-up period of eight months. Results showed satisfactory improvement without significant complications.

Cheek↗
PubMed1992

A randomized trial of the cost effectiveness of VA hospital-based home care for the terminally ill.

All admissions to a 1,100-bed Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital were screened to identify 171 terminally ill patients with informal caregivers who were then randomly assigned to VA hospital-based team home care (HBHC, N = 85) or customary care (N = 86). Patient functioning, and patient and caregiver morale and satisfaction with care were measured at baseline, one month, and six months. Health services utilization was monitored over the six-month study period and converted to cost. Findings included no differences in patient survival, activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive functioning, or morale, but a significant increase in patient (p = .02) and caregiver (p = .005) satisfaction with care at one month. A substitution effect of HBHC was seen. Those in the experimental group used 5.9 fewer VA hospital days (p = .03), resulting in a $1,639 or 47 percent per capita saving in VA hospital costs (p = .02). As a result, total per capita health care costs, including HBHC, were $769 or 18 percent (n.s.) lower in the HBHC sample, indicating that expansion of VA HBHC to serve terminally ill veterans would increase satisfaction with care at no additional cost.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

[Expression of intermediate filaments in cutaneous cylindroma].

Using different monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies (broad spectrum, cytokeratin 7, 8, 18, 19) and the antibody A55-A/A9 until now characterized only by immunohistology the staining of ductal structures and some cells within the lobulae of dermal cylindromata was demonstrated. In regard to the cytokeratin polypeptide patterns of the adnexes in uninvolved skin an exact histogenetic correlation by our findings is not possible, but the pattern is consistent with the conception of the glandular origin of the tumours.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Antinuclear antibodies as early diagnostic criteria of developing collagen disease in quartz dust exposure--a case report].

One and a half years antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) against Scl-70 and U1-RNP were found in the serum of a quartz dust exposed worker before the clinical manifestation of the progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Only a discrete lung fibrosis and an enlargement of the heart was seen at the time of the first autoantibody detection. Because workers with an intensive and long-lasting quartz dust exposition take a high risk to develop PSS a sensitive ANA-screening is indicated at minimum suspicion of chronic collagen disease. The detection of a high ANA-titer in a clinical healthy person may give a hint for the possible future development of such a disease and requires the observation of the clinical course and the paraclinical and immunological parameters. A lung fibrosis and/or an enlargement of the heart in X-ray photographs would indicate visceral early manifestations of the PSS before skin symptoms appear.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1990

Training house officers to be cost conscious. Effects of an educational intervention on charges and length of stay.

Two annual cost-containment educational programs, featuring involvement of respected senior physicians, lectures, comparative feedback, chart reviews, and small group discussions, were designed to reduce interns' generated costs in a private and a VA university hospital affiliated with Northwestern University Medical School. To evaluate the impact of this randomized educational intervention, hospital data on inpatient charges and length of stay (LOS) were collected for 12 common medical diagnoses and adjusted by the Severity of Illness Index. Interns who were randomized to the program were found to have significantly lower per patient costs and LOS than control group interns at both hospitals. These reductions in resource use and LOS were not associated with differences in patients' residual impairment on discharge, the incidence of inpatient complications, or the percentage of deaths and readmissions within 30 days. Our results suggest that the current hospital cost-containment environment may be far more conducive to physician cost-containment education than indicated by the earlier literature.

Chicago↗
PubMed1990

[Cytokeratins--survey of incidence in normal and diseased skin. I. Cytokeratin expression in healthy skin].

To the multigen family of cytokeratins belong 19 different polypeptides typical either for simple and glandular or for stratified squamous epithelia, and a special group of polypeptides characteristic for hair-forming cells. In regard to the current literature the specificities of their expression in the epidermis of the normal skin, in the sweat and sebaceous glands and in the hair roots are discussed.

Hair↗
PubMed1990

[Cytokeratins--survey of incidence in normal and diseased skin. II. Cytokeratin expression in diseased skin].

The distribution patterns of cytokeratins demonstrated by different authors in benign and malignant tumours of the skin are presented and the resulting possibilities for histological differentiation are discussed. The monoclonal antibody A53-B/A2 made in GDR may be useful in the diagnosis of Merkel cell tumours or of the extramammary Morbus Paget. -For different dermatoses, especially some disease with abnormal types of keratinization, the expressed polypeptides are described.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemistry of cytokeratin expression in human blood vessel endothelia with special reference to synovial connective tissue].

41 tissue samples derived from the synovia, epidermis, and other organs were studied immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against intermediate filaments. We observed a coexpression of cytokeratin and vimentin in endothelia of small blood vessels preferably enriched in locations with enhanced fluid transport and processes of ultrafiltration via endothelial cells (synovial tissue, ganglion). The presence of cytokeratin 18 in endothelial cells has been confirmed by gel-electrophoresis with immunoblotting. In many cases, the coexpression of cytokeratin and vimentin reveals a correlation to the secretion of simply and epithelially differentiated cells as could be demonstrated for other tissue structures in previous studies. The increased expression of cytokeratins in endothelia of ganglion walls is discussed in relation to synovia-like misfunction of the joint connective tissue.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Screening and studies of the specificity of antinuclear antibodies in lupus erythematosus and scleroderma sera in the tumor cell monolayer substrate].

The comparative study of the human tumour cell line HeLa and rat liver sections for the detection of antinuclear antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescence technique demonstrates the superiority of HeLa monolayer in sensitivity and specificity. Use of monolayers is essential for the diagnosis of antinucleolar and anticentromere ANA specificities and permits differentiation between anti-Sm/RNP, anti-SS-B and anti-Scl-70. ANA profiles are evaluated in 142 sera of 72 patients with different forms of lupus erythematosus and scleroderma and in 216 sera of healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Correction of crooked noses by external rhinoplasty.

External rhinoplasty is considered as the approach of choice in correcting nasal deformity following injury, either accidental or surgical. The advantages of a good exposure, lack of injury to the skin, osteotomies under direct vision, and the accurate placing of grafts giving a good anatomical and physiological correction are discussed. Pictorial demonstration of results is accompanied by drawings showing the nasal pathology as seen through the external approach.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1977

Temporal bone: a tomographic anatomic study.

The complex anatomy of the temporal bone has been illustrated in a tomographic histologic correlative study. All the tomographic cuts were made in AP, basal and lateral projections of temporal bone specimens. These were decalcified, sectioned, stained and then correlated with the original tomographic studies.

Cochlea↗