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Biomedical subjects

K Chugh

Publications and source records attributed to K Chugh.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumonia due to unusual organisms in children.

Generally antimicrobials for treatment of pneumonia are chosen to target the usual bacterial etiological agents. Such regimens are unable to cure patients of pneumonia caused by 'unusual organisms' mycoplasma, chlamydia, Pneumocystis carinii and Legionella pneumophilus). Thus, there is a need to anticipate their presence in appropriate cases and to plan the initial antimicrobial therapy accordingly. Studies in Europe as well as India have shown that such infections form a fairly substantial percentage of community acquired pneumonia in children. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae are common in school age children while Chlamydia trachomatis occurs in early infancy. Pneumocystis carinii is an important pathogen in immunocompromised children. Routine laboratory tests and radiological features are not specific enough to give accurate diagnosis of these infections for which one has to depend on sophisticated culture techniques, immunological tests for the antigens or antibodies and polymerase chain reaction. Mycoplasma, chlamydia and legionella infections respond to macrolide antibiotics and for pneumocystis infections, trimethoprim-sulfamethaxozole or pentamidine is the drug of choice. Overall prognosis with appropriate treatment is good except for P. carinii infection in immunocompromised host which carries a high mortality and recurrence rate.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optimum needle length for DPT inoculation of Indian infants.

Correct placement of the injected DPT vaccine into the deep muscular layers decreases the local reactions, including the sterile abscess formation. However, recommendations on size of the needle to be used and the angle of injection are not easily available, are not uniform and are based on case reports. The only study based on scientific data of ultrasonographic measurement of fat layer and muscle layer thickness of thigh of only 24 infants of 4 months age covers only American children. (Hick et al, Pediatrics 1989; 84: 136-37). In the present study, we have produced similar data on 215 Indian children belonging to all those age groups in which DPT vaccinations are given. Mean thickness of skin + fat layer in the middle one-third of the anterolateral aspect of thigh was 1.03 +/- 0.23 cm, 1.04 +/- 0.21 cm, 0.95 +/- 0.19 cm and 1.06 +/- 0.27 cm in the age groups of 6-12 weeks (Groups I), 13-18 weeks (Group II), 19-24 weeks (Groups III) and 18 +/- 1 month (Group IV) respectively. These age groups correspond to the timings of first 3 primary doses and the first booster dose of the DPT vaccine in our immunization clinic. Mean thickness of all the soft tissues together at the same site were 1.87 +/- 0.35, 2.17 +/- 0.38, 2.07 +/- 0.39 and 2.07 +/- 0.26 cm respectively for the groups I to IV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Developing Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of dietary restriction with and without leucine supplementation on hepatic protein status in rats.

In the present study effect of dietary restriction with and without leucine supplementation was observed on body and liver weights, and liver protein status, in adult rats. Animals were fed on two diets ad lib or were on 50 per cent and 25 per cent intakes. Dietary restriction resulted in loss of body and liver weights, hepatic protein, free-alpha-amino nitrogen and RNA contents and liver cell size (liver weight/DNA ratio). When compared with the control group, the decrease in these parameters was more in the dietary restricted leucine supplemented group. However, hepatic DNA content was not changed with the change in dietary regimen. The results suggest that leucine supplementation with dietary restriction may be more harmful for the animal than dietary restriction alone.

Animals↗