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Biomedical subjects

K Chemlal

Publications and source records attributed to K Chemlal.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparison of fluconazole and amphotericin B for treatment of experimental Candida albicans endocarditis in rabbits.

Amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole, administered intraperitoneally for 7 days, were compared in a rabbit model for Candida albicans endocarditis. When given early, AmB was more effective than fluconazole for reducing CFU counts in vegetations (P < 0.01) and kidneys. Forty-eight hours after the last dose, AmB was still detected in all vegetations whereas fluconazole was detected in only one case.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1996

[Digestive sites disclosing sarcoidosis].

We report two cases of gastrointestinal sarcoidosis. One patient had a gastric involvement, the other a duodenal and ileum involvement. The two patients had the same symptoms, including diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and weight loss. Endoscopic examination revealed only an erythematous gastritis in the first patient, while the colon and the small bowel were macroscopically normal in the second. Histologic findings were consistent with a gastric and salivary gland sarcoidosis granulomata for the first patient and with a lung, duodenal and small intestine involvement for the second one. Gastrointestinal involvement in sarcoidosis is rare, especially small bowel localization. A brief discussion and a literature review of gastrointestinal sarcoidosis are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Parathyroid adenoma encapsulated in a thyroid adenoma: an anatomical curiosity].

We describe a primitive hyperparathyroid in a old woman due to a parathyroid adenoma localized by Technetium 99m, Thallium 201 scintigraphy within the thyroid gland. During surgery, this adenoma was found inside a thyroid adenoma. It is the second case reported on the literature in a such localization. We underline the interest of the scintigraphy Technetium 99m, Thallium 201, for the detection of ectopic parathyroid adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1994

[Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome].

The Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome (BOS) is a rare connective tissue disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern characterized by cutaneous lesions, dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata, and osteopoikilosis. We report a new case of this syndrome in a 66 year old man, interesting by its association with a protein C deficiency, another rare genetically transmitted disease. Diagnosis of the BOS is difficult on the mere cutaneous lesions; it is therefore important to systematically practice bone X-rays in the presence of atypical pseudoxanthoma elasticum, disseminated collagenoma or disseminated connective tissue or elastic nevi. The radiologically detectable osteopoikilotic bone lesions, evoking Paget's disease, easily sign the diagnosis. In our case, the association of a protein C deficiency with the BOS may not be fortuitous because both the elastin and protein C genes are localized on chromosome 2q.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Endothelin: the vasoconstrictor of the 1990's?].

Endothelin is a recently isolated 21 amino acid peptide with vasoconstrictor activity. It seems to be part of the "hormonal" production by the vascular endothelium and might play a key role in the regulation of vasomotricity. The principal property of endothelin is that it induces an intense and prolonged arterial and venous contraction. Endothelin is secreted by endothelial cells under the influence of various stimuli (thrombin, adrenaline, shearing stress, hypoxia, etc.), then binds to specific membrane receptors thereby increasing the intracellular free calcium concentration. Endothelin has many other vascular and extravascular properties: it has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects, increases renal vascular resistances and reduces the glomerular filtration rate, contracts bronchial and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, induces proliferation of the vascular smooth muscle cells as well as that of fibroblasts and glomerular mesangial cells. Compared with experimental data in animals, human data are still scantly. Plasma endothelin concentration rises in acute renal failure and in chronic renal failure treated by dialysis, diabetes mellitus, essential arterial hypertension, pre-eclampsia and asthma. The development of specific antagonists and endothelin in synthesis inhibitors should soon enable us to specify the modes of regulation of endothelin production before considering applications to therapy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of IS2404 restriction fragment length polymorphisms suggests the diversity of Mycobacterium ulcerans from different geographical areas.

Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, has been reported in five continents: Africa, Asia, Australia, and North and South America. In the present study, restriction fragment length polymorphism with the recently described M. ulcerans specific insertion sequence IS2404 as a probe, was applied to Mycobacterium shinshuense, Mycobacterium marinum, and 14 clinical M. ulcerans isolates originating from six geographic areas: Africa (n = 6), Australia (n = 2), Mexico (n = 1), south Asia (n = 2), Asia (n = 1), and South America (n = 2). Using this probe, six subtypes of M. ulcerans, related to the six geographic origins of the isolates were distinguished, confirming that M. ulcerans can be divided into subgroups corresponding to different geographic variants of the same species.

Base Sequence↗