The history of the diabetic foot.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K C McKeown.
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The occurrence of multiple malignant tumours has been recorded, usually as individual cases but also in groups from tumour registries or autopsy studies. A personal series of 71 cases encountered in the follow-up clinics of two District General Hospitals is presented. Cases of multiple skin tumours, and of intestinal growths associated with pernicious anaemia, ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis have been excluded. Review of the literature has been carried out and possible aetiological factors have been considered. The importance of the functions of the tumour surveillance mechanism is emphasized, and the possibility of depression of the defence mechanism by major surgery, is considered to be of importance. Assessment of the patient's defence mechanisms may be as important as grading and staging the tumours.
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Pre- and postoperative arterial blood samples were analysed for oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) in a consecutive series of 21 patients subjected to two- or three-stage oesophagectomy for carcinoma of the oesophagus. The forced vital capacity (FVC) was measured at the same time. On the second postoperative day the PaO2 showed a fall to 65 per cent of the preoperative value followed by a gradual recovery to 78 per cent on the tenth postoperative day. After 13 weeks the PaO2 had recovered to 95 per cent of the preoperative value. The PaCO2 decreased in the early postoperative period but had returned to the preoperative level by the tenth day. The FVC showed a trend similar to the PaO2 with a reduction to 33 per cent of the preoperative value on the second postoperative day, 52 per cent on the tenth day and 85 per cent after 13 weeks.
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The technique of total three-stage oesophagectomy is described fully. Points of detail in the procedure of the abdominal, thoracic and cervical phases are emphasized. A brief note is made regarding the management of the respiratory situation at the end of the operation.
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