Periodontal response to orthodontic treatment.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Orthodontics, Corrective↗
Biomedical subjects
K C Johnson
Publications and source records attributed to K C Johnson.
The relationship between a history of depression and adherence to a multicomponent smoking-cessation program.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a history of depression in female smokers (age 18-65) who did not self-report any current depression was associated with adherence to a multisession, multicomponent smoking-cessation program. Participants in a 13-week cognitive-behavioral group program plus random assignment to nicotine gum, appetite suppressant gum, or placebo chewing gum were grouped by depressive-history and compared on attendance, average expired carbon monoxide after planned cessation, and number of pieces of gum chewed. No significant differences between the depressive history (yes/no) subgroups were found on any of the three measures of adherence. The power to detect a significant difference (alpha = 0.05) was calculated to be 0.89. Group cognitive-behavioral treatment appears to be the basis of an effective smoking-cessation program for women with a history of depression who are not currently depressed.
Adolescent↗
Canadian health databases relevant to Great Lakes Basin research.
Several population-based health databases exist in Canada which provide valuable systematic information for facilitating epidemiological evaluation of human health in the Great Lakes Basin. They include the long-established Canadian Mortality Database, a national birth defects registry, a provincial hospitalization database, and provincial and national cancer registry systems. The most recent addition is the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System which currently is being implemented to allow for detailed evaluation of air and water quality concerns in relation to a range of cancer types. The system includes statistical evaluation of geographical cancer incidence patterns; development of a national environmental quality database; and systematic collection of individual risk factor information for a large number of newly diagnosed cancer cases and a population control group. A brief description of each database and examples of relevant research using each of these databases is presented.
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
Optimizing productivity. A program cycle for equipment acquisition.
Diagnostic imaging equipment is expensive and quickly can become outmoded. This article describes a four-phase program for optimizing productivity throughout the life of each new equipment system.
Commerce↗
Making the most of working with a consultant.
Key to working with a consultant is knowing when to use one, how to select the right one and how to work effectively with one. Most of the ordinary business of an organization can be carried out using its own internal resources. When this is not the case, the external viewpoint of a consultant can be helpful. Determining if a consultant can add value is considered a first step in the consulting process. Ideally, the imaging manager is involved in this step. Finding the right consultant, much like other major decisions, can be done by talking with friends or colleagues, even using the internet and AHRA Listserv. Depending on the size and nature of the engagement, a request for proposal (RFP) may be appropriate to identify the amount of expertise needed for a particular situation. When a list of potential consultants is created, the next step is to call the references of each to find the closet fit. The next step is to develop a contract or letter of understanding with the selected consultant. When agreement is reached, the consultant may then request preliminary information to begin work on the project. A further decision is to determine whether the consultant will only make recommendations or will actually help with implementation. The project typically concludes with delivery of the consultant's written report. A facility should expect some major and important new thoughts to come from the consultant's work. An effective partnership with a consultant can go far in attaining a goal of increased levels of service and decreased costs.
Consultants↗
The current practices of internists in prevention of residential fire injury.
Residential fires are a leading cause of unintentional injury in the United States. We completed a cross-sectional study in an urban internal medicine clinic to describe the patients' risk factors for fire injury and internists' current methods for addressing this health problem. We used a physician self-report survey (n = 301), patient interviews (n = 300), and chart reviews (n = 300) in the evaluation. Among physicians returning the questionnaire (70% response rate), more than 85% demonstrated reasonable knowledge of injury as a major health problem and relatively positive attitudes toward incorporating injury prevention into clinical practice. However, 62% of physicians reported "never" and 23% only "seldom" counseling patients about smoke detectors. Among patients attending the clinic, only 63% reported having a smoke detector in their home. Factors associated with not having a smoke detector through multivariate logistic analysis were black race (odds ratio [OR] = 4.3, confidence interval [CI] = 1.7, 10.6) and patient report that physician did not counsel about smoke detectors (OR = 2.38, Cl = 1.15, 4.90). Age younger than 65 (OR = 1.7, Cl = .93, 2.9) and alcohol abuse (OR 1.5, Cl = .92, 2.5) were borderline in their statistical significance. Eighteen percent of the patients reported being counseled by their physician about smoke detectors, although no documentation appeared in any of the charts. In addition, those patients with risk factors for fire injury did not report being counseled more often than their lower risk counterparts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Baltimore↗
Temporal trends in Canadian birth defects birth prevalences, 1979-1993.
The Canadian Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System monitors birth defects reported for stillborns, newborns and infants during the first year of life. Data are available through the 1980s and early 1990s for Ontario, Manitoba and Alberta, and since 1984 for an additional four provinces. Fifty-seven routine monitoring categories and 15 summary categories were examined for temporal trends. Comparing the period 1979-1981 with 1991-1993, the reported birth defect case birth prevalence increased by 0.2% and the total birth defects birth prevalences by 2.5%. The birth prevalence of central nervous system defects decreased by 8.2%; the reported birth prevalence increased for congenital heart defects by 41%, urinary defects by 127%, Down syndrome by 13% and other chromosomal defects by 47%. Further investigation of individual defects would be required to evaluate the degree to which changes in reported birth prevalence reflect changes including the availability and use of specific diagnostic procedures. The work highlights the need to expand the surveillance system to include all affected pregnancies where an anomaly has been detected antenatally.
Canada↗