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Biomedical subjects

K Burns

Publications and source records attributed to K Burns.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Serological studies with reoviruses in chickens, turkeys and ducks.

Fluorescent antibody (FA) studies with avian reoviruses in chickens, turkeys and ducks are described. Detection of the group-specific antigen by FA test was investigated by titrating a reovirus antiserum on chick embryo liver cell cultures infected with 18 reovirus strains fixed on multitest slides. With 16 of the viruses, test titres were similar, indicating presence of a common antigen. The titre observed with a duck reovirus isolate was considerably lower, suggesting partial cross-reactivity. One virus (Kosters) was not stained. A comparison of the agar gel immuno-diffusion (AGID) test with the FA test on serial dilutions of antiserum demonstrated the greater sensitivity of the FA test. In a survey of chicken and turkey sera for reovirus antibodies by both tests, a higher percentage positive was recorded by immunofluorescence with CS108 virus as antigen. No antibodies to this virus were detected in 46 duck sera but 4 sera were positive for the duck reovirus isolate. Of 100 chicken sera, 19 were positive for duck reovirus and 6 for Kosters virus. No antibodies to either of these viruses were found in turkey sera. The results demonstrate the usefulness of the indirect FA test with multitest slides for avian reovirus serology and indicate the existence of atypical strains with no or partial group antigen reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chemical dependence and clinical depression in pregnancy.

The Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered to 54 chemically dependent pregnant women to assess the extent and depth of depression in the population. The women were divided into three groups by age: Teenagers, young adults, and older adults. Results suggested that this population, as a whole, scored very high on this depression scale. Further, results indicated that the older chemically dependent women scored significantly higher on the depression index than did either of the two younger groups, while the teenagers obtained a mean score comparable to that of the general adolescent population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The chromosome constitution of 1000 human spermatozoa.

Chromosomal analysis of 1000 spermatozoa from 33 normal men was performed using in vitro fertilization of zona-free golden hamster eggs. The frequency of abnormal sperm complements was 8.5%: 5.2% were aneuploid and 3.3% had a structural chromosome abnormality. The frequencies of hyperhaploid (2.4%) and hypohaploid (2.7%) sperm complements were not significantly different and all chromosome groups were represented among the aneuploid complements. The majority (22/33) of structurally abnormal complements had a chromosome break. The percentages of X and Y-bearing sperm were 53.9% and 46.1%, which is significantly different from the expected one to one ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cytogenetic analysis of Q-banded pronuclear chromosomes in fertilized Syrian hamster eggs.

The frequency and type of chromosome abnormalities were analyzed in 917 female pronuclei in Syrian hamster eggs fertilized by human sperm. Analysis at this stage allows detection of errors which have occurred during meiosis I and II. The chromosomes were Q-banded to identify individual chromosomes and detect subtle alterations. Thirty-three (3.6%) of the hamster egg complements were abnormal: 19 (2.1%) were hypohaploid, seven (0.76%) were hyperhaploid, two (0.2%) had double aneuploidy, and five (0.5%) had a structural chromosome abnormality. Since there were significantly more hypohaploid than hyperhaploid complements, a conservative estimate of aneuploidy can be derived by doubling the frequency of hyperhaploid complements. Thus a minimal estimate of aneuploidy (single, 1.5%, and double, 0.2%) is 1.7% and a minimal estimate of the total frequency of abnormalities is 2.2%. All chromosome groups were represented among the aneuploid complements suggesting that all chromosomes are susceptible to non-disjunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Sperm chromosome analysis of a man heterozygous for a pericentric inversion of chromosome 3.

Using a procedure in which human sperm were allowed to fertilize zona-free golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) eggs in vitro, the sperm chromosomes of a man heterozygous for inv(3) (p11q11) were analyzed. When the chromosomes were Q-banded, the inverted chromosome had the bright centromeric band on the short arm rather than on the long arm, as was seen in the normal No. 3. One hundred and eleven sperm chromosome spreads were examined, of which 64 contained the normal chromosome and 47 the inverted one. This was not significantly different from the expected 1:1 ratio. No sperm containing a chromosome imbalance caused by a crossover within the inversion were seen. Ten (8.1%) of the sperm contained chromosome abnormalities unrelated to the inversion. The ratio of X- to Y-bearing sperm was 55:45.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Direct chromosomal analysis of human spermatozoa: preliminary results from 18 normal men.

Chromosomal analysis of 240 spermatozoa from 18 normal men was performed using in vitro fertilization of zona-free golden hamster eggs. The frequency of chromosome abnormalities in this population was 9.2% (22/240). Of the abnormal complements, 18 were aneuploid (13 hyperploid and five hypoploid) and four had a chromosome break. The sex ratio of Y-bearing to X-bearing sperm was .68. The frequency and type of sperm chromosome abnormalities is compared with those seen in spontaneous abortions.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Cerebral laterality and verbal processes.

Research suggests that we process information by way of two distinct and functionallly separate coding systems. The localization of these two processing systems appears to be somewhat dependent on cerebral laterality, which has been shown to vary in right-handed and left-handed persons. To test the dual coding model, right-handed and left-handed subjects learned lists of abstract and concrete words under various conditions of visual and tactile interference. Right-handed subjects showed a significant superiority in the remembering of highly concrete items, while total recall did not differ reliably between groups.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1976

Journal selection decisions: a biomedical library operations research model. I. The framework.

The problem of deciding which journal titles to select for acquisition in a biomedical library is modeled. The approach taken is based on cost/benefit ratios. Measures of journal worth, methods of data collection, and journal cost data are considered. The emphasis is on the development of a practical process for selecting journal titles, based on the objectivity and rationality of the model; and on the collection of the approprate data and library statistics in a reasonable manner. The implications of this process towards an overall management information system (MIS) for biomedical serials handling are discussed.

Book Selection↗