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Biomedical subjects

K Bose

Publications and source records attributed to K Bose.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Enhancement and desensitization of hormone-responsive adenylate cyclase in granulosa cells of preantral and antral ovarian follicles: effects of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone.

The present study was performed to determine if adenylate cyclase in granulosa cells was affected by the pituitary hormone FSH and the ovarian hormone estradiol. Results demonstrate that granulosa cells of intact immature rats exhibit considerably more FSH- than hCG-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. The FSH-responsive enzyme system was not altered by hypophysectomy or by treating hypophysectomized rats with FSH alone, but was increased slightly by treatment with estradiol alone. Sequential treatment of rats with estradiol and FSH markedly increased both FSH- and LH/hCG-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities. Thus, FSH-responsive adenylate cyclase appears to be a constitutive component of granulosa cells in prenatal follicles which exhibits a pronounced increase during the development of preovulatory follicles, a change dependent on the synergistic actions of estradiol and FSH. Desensitization of FSH-responsive adenylate cyclase in granulosa cells of preantral and antral follicles was assessed by administering 5 micrograms human FSH to estradiol or estradiol/FSH-treated rats, respectively. FSH failed to induce desensitization of adenylate cyclase in granulosa cells of preantral follicles at 2 h, but did desensitize the enzyme system in granulosa cells of antral follicles. Furthermore, the desensitization of adenylate cyclase in granulosa cells of antral follicles was heterologous; both FSH and hCG exerted this effect. The causes of the differences in the response of adenylate cyclase to high concentrations of FSH at different stages of follicular development remain unclear. The absence of desensitization in preantral follicles may be required to permit a continuous nondisruptive pattern of follicular growth when small follicles are repeatedly exposed to gonadotropin surges, whereas desensitization is required for the cessation of follicular growth and luteinization.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1982

The results of decompression of cord or cauda equina compression from metastatic extradural tumors.

The role of decompression in spinal metastases with neurologic deficit is controversial. This series demonstrates that the benefit from decompression depends on the nature of the tumor and the neurologic status of the patient. Prognosis is good for patients with incomplete paraplegia, intact sphincter control, a long duration of neurologic deficit and pain, and a gradual onset of compression. The prognosis is poor in cases with complete paraplegia, loss of sphincter control, a short duration of neurologic deficit and pain, and a sudden onset of compression. Surgery is not advocated for all cases, because many patients are already very ill. Surgery is recommended only for selective cases in which the prognosis is good. However, decompression is only palliative. Posterior decompression is preferred, inasmuch as the surgery is less extensive compared to anterior decompression and fusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Stress, relaxation, and saliva: a pilot study involving endodontic patients.

Thirty-four endodontic patients completed dental anxiety questionnaires and had saliva samples taken prior to and at the conclusion of their initial endodontic treatment. Pain and anxiety were managed with local anesthesia, nitrous oxide--oxygen psychosedation, hypnosis, and meditation, either alone or in combination. For most patients, by the conclusion of the treatment, anxiety had decreased, salivary volume had increased, and salivary protein was reduced. Meditation and hypnosis, either alone or in combination with local anesthesia, were most effective in anxiety reduction as measured by questionnaire and/or salivary changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Stress, relaxation and saliva: a follow-up study involving clinical endodontic patients.

Dentally induced stress and relaxation-induced anxiety reduction recently have been correlated with salivary changes in private patients treated by a solo endodontist. Hypnosis was shown to be more effective than local anesthesia in anxiety reduction. Dental students and clinic patients were employed in this study in an attempt to replicate the previous findings. One additional salivary variable (pH) was examined. Twenty-nine endodontic clinic patients were treated, each by a different dental student. The patients completed dental anxiety questionnaires and had salivary samples taken prior to, and at the conclusion of, their initial endodontic treatments. Pain and anxiety were managed using local anesthesia, hypnosis, or nitrous oxide-oxygen, either alone or in combination. There were significant anxiety-reduction changes by the conclusion of the visits (p less than 0.001) as measured by increased salivary volume, increased salivary translucency, reduced salivary protein, increased salivary pH and reduced questionnaire-determined anxiety level. Hypnosis and nitrous oxide-oxygen were significantly more effective (p less than 0.05) than local anesthesia in anxiety reduction as measured by salivary changes and questionnaires. It can be concluded that saliva is an easily obtained fluid that can be used to determine levels of stress and relaxation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Congenital limb deficiencies.

In the last 25 years great advances have been made in the management of children with congenital limb deficiency. An understanding of the embryology and development is essential for careful planning and management of these children. It is important to have an internationally accepted classification so that the results of treatment can be compared. In this paper, the international classification of congenital limb deficiency is described. Unfortunately, this is still not widely used by the orthopaedic surgeons. It is hoped that more orthopaedic surgeons will use this classification in future so that we have a common denomination for comparison. Transverse limb deficiency both in the upper and lower limbs can be managed satisfactorily with the aid of prosthesis. Longitudinal limb deficiency which often requires careful planning and judicious use of reconstructive procedure can improve the function considerably. However, some of these children often go through multiple operations and end up with a useless limb. The need for surgical reconstruction is to improve the child's function and this must always be kept in mind. Last but not least the psychological problems both with the child and the parents is of paramount importance. A judicious and sympathetic approach by the orthopaedic surgeons will go a long way in making success or failure of the whole treatment programme.

Artificial Limbs↗
PubMed1980

Role of cellular systems in modifying the response to chemical mutagens.

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) produces apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in DNA which are repaired by the AP excision repair system. Survival after NCS treatment is not determined exclusively by this repair system, presumably because of the production of other, lethal, lesions. MNNG also produces multiple lesions which may be handled by cells in different ways. In E. coli, MNNG treatment results in rapid induction of a system which removes O6-methylguanine. Inhibition of this induction with chloramphenicol results in a large increase in mutation frequency. Induction of an enzyme which removes O6-methylguanine probably accounts for the enrichment of mutations near DNA growing points. MNNG also induces multiple closely linked mutations. The production of multiple mutations but not of single-site mutations is blocked in rec A and uvr E strains. The exact nucleotide site at which DNA synthesis is blocked in vitro by reaction with mutagens can be observed in a phi X174 system in which the nucleotide sequence is known. DNA polymerase I catalyzed synthesis is blocked one nucleotide before the reacted base on the template strand. In contrast, with some damaged templates, AMV reverse transcriptase can insert a base at the level of the reacted nucleotide on the template.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1979

A surgical approach for the infected diabetic foot.

Three hundred cases of major infection of the foot in diabetic patients are analysed. Based on our experience we have been able to define certain criteria which we have found useful in the management of these cases. It is felt that an aggressive surgical approach with careful surgical technique and the appropriate antibiotics can avert major radical amputation.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Disaster planning.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1978

Repair of depurinated DNA in vitro by enzymes purified from human lymphoblasts.

Alkali-labile lesions introduced into T7 DNA by treatment with methyl methanesulfonate were removed and the DNA was repaired by incubation with DNA polymerase alpha and nuclease from a human lymphoblastoid line followed by the addition of DNA ligase. The nuclease preparation contains both apurinic endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities. Dinucleotides appear to be the first product of exonuclease action. Repair of methyl methanesulfonate-induced damage can occur by the insertion of only a few nucleotides per lesion as in vivo.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1977

Detection of thymic surface antigens and radioactive labeling of mouse lymphoid cells.

A method for the permanent and simultaneous detection of tissue-specific surface antigens and internal radioactive labeling of mouse lymphoid cells is described. Target cells were first reacted with a mouse-derived "antithymocyte serum", incubated with peroxidase-conjugated rabbit serum against mouse immunoglobulins and placed in a substrate solution that leads to staining of the antigen-positive cells. Radioactive labeling was demonstrated by autoradiography performed after the antigen assay. More than 90% of antigen-positive thymocytes could be specifically stained in the assay without staining of similarly treated antigen-negative cells. Autoradiographic grains could be detected over both antigen-positive and antigen-negative cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of old unreduced dislocation of the elbow.

Twenty-six patients with old unreduced dislocation of the elbow treated by open reduction were reviewed. All patients improved after surgery. It is felt that any patient with an elbow dislocation which is less than 3 months old should be treated by open reduction. The operative technique using a medial and lateral approach and keeping the dissection extraperiosteal is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee.

Experience with thirty-eight Asian children and adolescents who presented with either stiffness of the knee, genu recurvatum, habitual dislocation of the patella or congenital lateral dislocation of the patella showed that all those disorders were manifestations of contracture of the extensor mechanism, which fell into two groups according to the components involved. In Group I the main components affected were in the midline of the limb, namely rectus femoris and vastus intermedius; these patients presented with varying degrees of stiffness of the knee, or worse, with genu recurvatum. In Group II the main components involved were lateral to the midline of the limb, namely vastus lateralis and the ilio-tibial band; these patients presented with habitual dislocation of the patella, or worse, congenital lateral dislocation of the patella. In both groups untreated patients developed secondary adaptive changes such as subluxation of the tibia or marked genu valgum which made operative procedures more formidable and less effective. Release of the contracture should therefore be performed as early as possible.

Adolescent↗