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Biomedical subjects

K Bjerrum

Publications and source records attributed to K Bjerrum.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Choroid melanoma. A retrospective randomized comparative study of ruthenium irradiation vs enucleation].

A randomized retrospective study concerning survival of Ruthenium treatment and enucleation in melanoma patients has been performed. For 112 patients from Hamburg who underwent Ruthenium therapy individual match partners were selected in Copenhagen where during the same period of time enucleation was the standard procedure. Selection took place concerning patient's age and sex at the time of treatment, initial tumor volume and the time of treatment. The present status of the patients was not known during the selection process. During the observation time of 12 years there was a survival rate after irradiation of 77.9% and after enucleation of 78.6%. Cox' regression disclosed a coefficient of 0.049 with a standard aviation of 0.293 and a P-value of 0.867. All parameters were showing no statistical difference between Ruthenium treated and enucleated patients. The survival rate in males was 69.2%, female patients 87.2%. For male patients there was a 2,4-fold higher risk to develop metastasis compared with female patients. Patient's age at the time of treatment correlated significantly with the prognosis. There was an increase in mortality risk by factor 1.4 per decade.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of paroxetine in patients with cirrhosis.

In a 14-day multiple-dose study the pharmacokinetics of paroxetine was investigated in 12 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 6 subjects without liver disease. The dose of 20-30 mg paroxetine daily was adjusted to the reduction in liver function, as assessed by the galactose elimination capacity. Accordingly, all but two of the cirrhotic patients received 20 mg, while all six control subjects received 30 mg. Dose-corrected, trough drug concentration at steady state (CSSmin) and dose-corrected AUC24h were significantly higher in the patients with liver diseases than in the control subjects [3.4 vs 1.5 ng.ml-1 per mg paroxetine and 89 vs 43 h (ng).ml-1 per mg paroxetine]. The elimination t1/2 was prolonged [83 vs 36 h], but the difference was not statistically significant, and the cirrhotic patients were still able to clear almost all the paroxetine by metabolism. All but two patients with cirrhosis experienced nausea during the first two or three days after the first dose, while none of the controls had this symptom. The study showed slower elimination of paroxetine and consequently higher plasma levels in patients with cirrhosis, suggesting that in the latter the dose of paroxetine should be in the lower end of the therapeutic range.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The normal human tear glycoprotein profile detected with lectin probes.

Tear samples were collected from 46 healthy volunteers evenly distributed according to sex and age (mean age 43.5 years). Samples were denatured in a Tris-HCl sample buffer containing 2-mercaptoethanol and SDS, and applied to a gradient SDS-polyacrylamide gel for electrophoresis. The proteinaceous material was transferred to nitrocellulose by a semi-dry blotting technique, and the glycoprotein content subsequently visualized by incubation with four lectins (WGA, PHA, PSA and SBA) and staining with avidin horseradish-peroxidase. Glycoprotein bands were generally found to be significantly less frequent in persons under the age of 30 years. Apart from this the technique gave a uniform picture of the glycoprotein profile, with only modest differences according to age and/or sex. The technique may therefore be suitable for the detection of differences in the glycoprotein composition indicative of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Congenital ectopia lentis and secondary buphthalmos likely occurring as an autosomal recessive trait.

A family from Turkey with congenital ectopia lentis, likely occurring as an autosomal recessive trait, is presented. No systemic disorders such as homocysteinuria, Marfan's or Weill-Marchesani's syndromes were found in any of the patients. However, all patients except one were less than 2 years old when first examined so that lens luxation must have happened very early in life. Besides almost total lack of zonular threads the patients presented anomalies of ocular dimensions with increased corneal diameters and axial lengths, and in several cases glaucomatous distension of the optic discs could also be found. A possible explanation for these buphthalmic changes and their relation to lens luxation taking place very early in life is proposed. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Sociomedical aspects of primary Sjögren's syndrome].

Forty patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were interviewed. Poor social conditions during adolescence were not predisposing factors. A significantly higher number of patients grew up in urban than in rural districts, but this difference may be because most of these patients were from Zealand. Patients over the age of 35 years had left school later than the normal population. The matrimonial status did not differ from the normal population, except that the patients had significantly fewer children. The first symptoms of disease were recorded at an age of 20-50 years by 73%. More than half of the patients employed at commencement of the disease had to give up, and received disability pensions or retired early. A number of patients found less demanding jobs. The reasons were extreme fatigue (54%), arthralgia (42%), ocular- (17%) or oral dryness (8%). Social isolation was a problem for many patients and about 50% reported psychological problems. Drug expenses were moderate, whereas dental treatment was often considered to be a major economic problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

No effect of bicarbonate-induced alkalosis on urea synthesis in normal man.

The effect of metabolic alkalosis was studied in 10 healthy volunteers. In each person urea synthesis was determined in two periods of 2 h as urinary excretion corrected for accumulation in body water and for intestinal hydrolysis. Infusion of bicarbonate (115 mmol/h) increased pH of the venous blood by 0.10 units. In four subjects fasting urea synthesis was 24 mmol N/h at normal pH and unaffected by alkalosis (mean difference +/- SED was 1.04 +/- 4.1). In six subjects alanine was infused so as to increase blood alanine concentration from 0.4 to 2.5 mmol/l and urea synthesis to 107 mmol N/h. Alkalosis did not change urea synthesis (mean difference +/- SED was 1.5 +/- 7.4 mmol N/h). The results favour the view that urea synthesis mainly serves to eliminate nitrogen, but do not support the hypothesis that urea synthesis is an important immediate and direct regulatory process in acute acid-base disturbances.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Decrease in ureagenesis by partial hepatectomy does not influence acid-base balance.

It has been suggested that urea synthesis participates directly in body pH homeostasis by removal of bicarbonate. To elucidate this hypothesis sodium bicarbonate or sodium chloride was infused (11.5 mumol/min) for 90 min into control rats and into rats that had undergone an 85% hepatectomy immediately before starting the infusion. Urea synthesis rate was 2.6 +/- 0.3 mumol/min (mean +/- SE) in controls, and was significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced to 1.0 +/- 0.2 mumol/min in partially hepatectomized rats. At the start of bicarbonate infusion, pH was 7.38 and 7.34 in control and partially hepatectomized rats, respectively, and at the end of infusion, pH was 7.56 and 7.51. Standard bicarbonate at start of bicarbonate infusion was 21.9 and 21.3 mM in controls and partially hepatectomized, respectively, and it increased to 32.7 and 29.9 mM at end of infusion. In saline-infused rats a slight decrease of approximately 0.05 pH units was observed during the experiment, but again no difference emerged between control and partially hepatectomized rats. It is concluded that a major role of the liver in the regulation of acid-base balance is unlikely.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1988

Lack of effect of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a single oral dose of metronidazole.

The time course of the effect of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole was investigated in 6 healthy volunteers. Cimetidine 1.0 g/day was administered for 9-days and metronidazole 500 mg was administered orally on the second and eighth days, and in a control experiment. During cimetidine treatment the plasma kinetics of metronidazole and its partial clearance by renal excretion of the unchanged compound, glucuronidation, hydroxylation and oxidation to its acetic acid metabolite were not significantly different from the control values. The results indicate that cimetidine does not influence the pharmacokinetics or metabolism of a single oral dose of metronidazole.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary Sjögren's syndrome: a subjective description of the disease.

Forty patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were interviewed to clarify the onset and course of the disease. In 50% of the cases, the first subjective signs of disease were recorded at age 30 to 50 years. A large variation was, however, observed, and some patients even recalled symptoms as early as in childhood. About one third described the onset as sudden, whereas the rest described an insidious deterioration. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was the most frequent debut symptom, followed by xerostomia and weariness. Regardless of age, extreme weariness was a major problem. Pain in joints and muscles tended to be more severe in younger patients; ocular and oral problems tended to be more severe the higher the age of debut. Finally, most patients eventually came to have more or less the same complex of symptoms, which could lead to a devastating condition affecting the patients not only physically but also psychically and socially. The large variety of symptoms could easily be overlooked or misinterpreted, and because the patients did not appear to be ill, diagnosis was first established after an average period of nine years. Most patients used artificial tears, and obtained significantly greater benefit from this remedy than from all other drugs. A certain familial disposition towards the disease was found.

Adolescent↗