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Biomedical subjects

K Bessho

Publications and source records attributed to K Bessho.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Comparison of ectopic osteoinduction in vivo by recombinant human BMP-2 and recombinant Xenopus BMP-4/7 heterodimer.

Two micrograms recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and 2 microg recombinant Xenopus bone morphogenetic protein-4/7 heterodimer (rxBMP-4/7ht) were implanted into a calf muscle pouch in rats using atelopeptide type I collagen (CL) solution as the carrier. Three weeks later induced bone in the rhBMP-2 + CL group (group A; n=5) and the rxBMP-4/7ht + CL group (group B; n=5) was investigated radiologically and histologically. Bone trabeculum and marrow were induced in all cases of both groups. In group A the area of radioopaque oval shadows was 5.78 mm2, wider than 4.64 mm2 in group B. The radoopacity in group A was 74.6, higher than 57.6 in group B. Histometry of the microscopic views showed that the trabecular area was 0.92 mm2 in group A and 0.22 mm2 in group B, while the trabecular percentage occupied in the overall lump area was 18.07% in group A and 5.51% in group B. The trabecular form in group A was more massively coral than in group B. This study indicated that rhBMP-2 has a higher ectopic osteoinduction ability in vivo than rxBMP-4/7ht.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Intramuscular osteoinduction and bone marrow formation by the implantation of rhBMP-2 with atelopeptide type I collagen.

The study examines the osteoinductive potential of recombinant human morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) radiologically and histologically in rat calf muscle. Ten male Wistar rats were used. rhBMP-2 50 microg was implanted with atelopeptide type I collagen as carrier in a pouch in rat calf muscle (n = 5), and atelopeptide type I collagen alone was implanted in a further five as control. Induction of osteogenesis at 4 weeks was investigated. In all rats in which rhBMP-2 had been implanted there was a radio-opaque shadow in the muscle in the soft tissue radiograph. No such shadows were noted in the control group. Histological examination showed bony trabeculum, osteoblasts, and vigorous bone marrow including fatty marrow and angioid tissue both at the margins and in the center of the excised lumps in the rhBMP-2 group. There were no such signs in the control group. rhBMP-2 may be capable not only of inducing the formation of bone, but also of inducing a 'self-supporting bone organ' in the muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

A bioabsorbable poly-L-lactide miniplate and screw system for osteosynthesis in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a bioabsorbable poly-L-lactide (PLLA) miniplate system for osteosynthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ultra-high-strength PLLA rods were fabricated using a drawing technique. This osteosynthesis system, consisting of bioabsorbable PLLA miniplates and screws, was used clinically on 50 patients. RESULTS: The only post operative complications were two cases of postoperative infection, but these were controlled by an oral antibiotic regimen or plate removal. Bone healing was satisfactory in all cases, without delay of bony union or obvious displacement of segments after surgery. CONCLUSION: The PLLA miniplates provided effective osteosynthesis of the maxillofacial skeleton.

Absorption↗
PubMed1996

MRI evidence of high signal intensity and temporomandibular arthralgia and relating pain. Does the high signal correlate to the pain?

In order to investigate the relationship between various temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain levels and the detection of high signal intensity (joint effusion) on T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 19 consecutive patients who complained of unilateral painful TMJ hypomobility (closed locking) were involved in this study. All patients were clinically examined in a routine manner, and all patients rated their pain levels by a visual analogue scale and eight pain questionnaire prior MRI study. T1 and T2 weighted MRI was taken in sagittal section at unilateral affected joint side. The presence or absence of a high signal intensity spot within the TMJ compartment were judged by three examiners. The high signal intensity was detected in 10 joints, but not in 9 joints. In between these two groups, the pain ratio was calculated and compared. The data showed that there was no significant statistical correlation between pain levels and the presence of high signals. This study disclosed that the MRI detection of high signal intensity in the closed locking TMJ did not directly relate to the presence of TMJ pain nor the increased pain level. These indicate the need of further larger studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Self-regenerating bone implant: ectopic osteoinduction following intramuscular implantation of a combination of rhBMP-2, atelopeptide type I collagen and porous hydroxyapatite.

A combination of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), atelopeptide Type I collagen (CL) as a carrier and porous hydroxyapatite (pHAP) was implanted in a calf muscle pouch of the rat. Three rhBMP-2-implanted groups (2, 10 and 50 micrograms; each n = 5) and the control group (n = 5), in which only CL and pHAP were implanted, were established. Three weeks later, the implants were examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Comparative study of bone marrow induced by purified BMP and recombinant human BMP-2.

Into a calf muscle pouch in Wistar rats, 50 micrograms purified bone morphogenetic protein (pBMP) or 50 micrograms recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was implanted using atelopeptide type I collagen solution (CL) as a carrier. Three weeks later bone and bone marrow were induced in both groups. These induced bone and bone marrow were studied histologically. In the pBMP+CL group (n = 5), rich bone matrix and little bone marrow were observed. There was no fatty marrow or angioid tissue observed. In the rhBMP-2+CL group (n = 5), bone matrix and rich marrow including fatty marrow and angioid tissue were observed around and among the bony trabeculae. It was suggested that a "self-supporting bone organ" was induced.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Biological responses in Caenorhabditis elegans to high magnetic fields.

Here we describe a device for testing possible influences of high magnetic fields on biological processes, by which alternating-current magnetic stimuli as high as 1.7 T can be administered. Experiments with a simple multicellular organism, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, revealed that intermittent exposure to the magnetic fields modestly inhibited the animal's reproduction as well as its post-embryonic development, and caused a marked but transient derangement in its locomotory behavior. Available evidence indicates that alternating high magnetic fields can elicit both chronic and acute biological effects, but that the effects may be well tolerated or compensated for by the living organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Experimental studies on bone inducing activity of composites of atelopeptide type I collagen as a carrier for ectopic osteoinduction by rhBMP-2.

Atelopeptide type I collagen derived from fresh porcine skin was evaluated as a carrier for ectopic osteoinduction by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in rats. Four treatment groups (N = 5) were examined: a control group in which only atelopeptide type I collagen was implanted, and groups II, III and IV in which atelopeptide type I collagen with 2, 10, 50 micrograms of rhBMP-2 was implanted in to the calf muscles of 10-week-old Wistar rats, respectively. Four weeks after the implantation, soft X-ray and light microscopic examinations were performed. In addition, calcium (Ca) content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated. New bone formation in the implanted regions (groups II, III and IV) were revealed. Bone formation was induced in the implanted region of even 2 micrograms of rhBMP-2 (group II), and its degree was dependent on the dose of rhBMP 2. These results indicate that atelopeptide type I collagen is an effective carrier for ectopic osteo-induction by rhBMP-2 and may act as a carrier for rhBMP in reconstructive surgery for bony defect and augmentation.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1995

Experimental long-term study of titanium ions eluted from pure titanium miniplates.

A long-term study of titanium miniplates, which are in wide clinical use, was conducted to clarify their usefulness as a permanent fixing device. We examined by scanning electron microscopy the surfaces of removed plates and the accumulation of titanium in the organs of Japanese white rabbits. Two years after implantation the titanium plates were only slightly corroded. In addition, marked titanium accumulation was noted in the organs, especially in the lungs. However, the accumulation of titanium in the organs of animals with left distomolar mandibular fracture was highest at 3 months after implantation, and then gradually decreased over 2 years. Titanium miniplates have recently been used clinically in humans and no adverse reactions have yet been reported. The present findings suggest the use of titanium miniplates as permanent fixing devices.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Activity and solubility of bone morphogenetic protein derived from porcine bone matrix.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was extracted from porcine bone matrix and purified by liquid chromatography. The final purified fraction was shown to be homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The molecular weight of porcine bone matrix-derived BMP was estimated to be about 20 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The final purified BMP was highly soluble in vivo, so that it dispersed immediately after implantation and exerted no effect on bone induction. The other crude active fractions obtained in the process of purification induced new bone in three weeks when implanted into muscle pouches of Wistar rats. These findings suggested that pure BMP requires an appropriate carrier (delivery system) for clinical use; hence, experiments using atelopeptide type-I collagen as carrier were conducted.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of varicella-zoster virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction in patients with Hunt syndrome and clinical progression].

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is known to be associated with Hunt syndrome. In this study, the detection of VZV-DNA in peripheral blood, throat swabs, urine and crusts was performed, in 6 cases of Hunt syndrome, by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. For DNA-extraction, glass-powder was used. As a primer, an oligonucleotide, which specifically amplifies 1201-1424 in the Sst-Ig region, was used. Amplification was performed by repeating 30 cycles of the following procedures: denaturing at 94 degrees C, annealing at 60 degrees C, and extension at 72 degrees C. In one case, VZV-DNA was detected in all samples, in another case it was detected in a throat swab, urine and crust, and in another case in peripheral blood, urine and crust. The other 3 cases showed VZV-DNA only in crusts. These results indicate that viremia might occur in Hunt syndrome, and that those patients in whom VZV-DNA was detected in peripheral blood and urine showed a tendency for slow recovery. The present results indicate that this method provides a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of Hunt syndrome and zoster sine herpes and that it is useful for predicting the progression of Hunt syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Role of disulfide linkages in tachyplesin-lipid interactions.

In order to elucidate the role of the two disulfide linkages of tachyplesin I (T-SS), a membrane-acting cyclic antimicrobial peptide from Tachypleus tridentatus, we synthesized the acyclic analog (T-Acm) with the four SH groups protected by acetamidomethyl groups and also investigated the interactions of these peptides with lipid bilayers. T-SS induced leakage of calcein from egg yolk L-alpha-phosphatidylglycerol large unilamellar vesicles (PG LUVs) at peptide concentrations 1 order of magnitude smaller than those at which leakage was induced by T-Acm, which coincides with the stronger antimicrobial activities of T-SS. The micellization of PG LUVs was also more efficient for the cyclic peptide. Fluorescence titration studies revealed that binding affinities of both peptides to the PG membranes were similar. Fourier transform infrared polarized attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching experiments demonstrated that T-SS and T-Acm both form amphiphilic antiparallel beta-sheet structures in the membranes. They are formed in such a way that the sheet planes lie parallel to the membrane surface with the sheet hydrophobic surfaces penetrating slightly into the hydrophobic region of the bilayers. Furthermore, the observation that the linear T-Acm, the weaker membrane permeabilizer, caused a far more serious membrane disruption suggests the possibility that the mechanisms of membrane permeabilization by the cyclic peptide are different from those by the linear peptide, the latter being the disruption of the lipid organization.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Changes in bone inducing activity of bone morphogenetic protein with aging.

In the future, the clinical application of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) will be mainly in patients of advanced age. In this study, we examined changes in BMP activity due to aging in recipient rats. The bioassays were carried out with bovine bone matrix-derived BMP obtained by the Bessho's BMP purification method. The purified BMP with the atelopeptide type I collagen was implanted into the calf muscles of 5-, 10-, 20- and 40-week-old Wistar rats. Three weeks later, soft X-ray and light-microscopic examination disclosed new bone formation in each aged recipient rat. Bioassay revealed decreasing ALP activity and Ca content as the recipient rats became older. However, bone induction was detected even in the 40-week-old Wistar rats. These results suggested that the bone inducing activity of BMP decreases proportionately as the recipient ages. Nevertheless, BMP offers considerable possibilities for clinical application in patients of advanced age.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of allergen-specific IgE antibodies by MAST for the diagnosis of nasal allergy.

Multiple-antigen simultaneous test (MAST) is a new system for detecting allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Multiple antigens can be examined simultaneously in a short period of time by this method. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this method and to compare the results of MAST with those of RAST and intradermal skin test using 133 serum samples obtained from patients with nasal allergy. The positive rates of the main allergens detected by the MAST system are 56% for Japanese cedar, 31 for Dermatophagoides farinae (DF), 30% for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), 27% for house dust (HD), and 27% for timothy grass. The positive rates of food allergens are very low. An average of 3.5 different allergens can be simultaneously detected in one serum. We have compared MAST and RAST with respect to nine allergens: HD, DF, cat, Japanese cedar, timothy, bahia, sweet vernal, velvet, and ragweed. There are statistically significant correlations between MAST and RAST for all allergens except ragweed, the correlation coefficients in the eight allergens are greater than r = 0.60, and total agreements exceed over 70%. Similarly, there also is a good correlation between MAST and skin test for the allergens: HD, cat, Japanese cedar, timothy grass, and ragweed. These results indicate the clinical usefulness of the MAST system for detecting specific IgE antibodies in patients with nasal allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of bone matrix-derived bone morphogenetic proteins from various animals.

Bone matrix-derived bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was extracted from bovine, porcine, rabbit, Sprague-Dawley rat, and Wistar rat bone and purified. The purified fractions all had similar molecular weights and induced new bone in 3 weeks when implanted into muscle pouches of Wistar rats. Bone matrix-derived BMP is believed to consist of subunits and that of different animal origin to contain the same fraction with BMP activity.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Human dentin-matrix-derived bone morphogenetic protein.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was extracted from human dentin matrix with 4 mol/L guanidine-HCl and was purified by liquid chromatography. SDS-PAGE and IEF showed that the purified BMP was homogeneous and induced new bone formation in situ after three weeks when implanted into muscle pouches in Wistar rats. The molecular weight of BMP was estimated to be about 20.0 kDa by SDS-PAGE, and the pI value was 8.8 by IEF. Amino acid analysis suggested that BMP is a protein containing 191 amino acids. A partial amino acid sequence was obtained from the final purified BMP. Dentin-matrix-derived BMP is probably not identical to, but is similar to, bone-matrix-derived BMP, though both types of BMP have the same action in vivo.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) derived from human and bovine bone matrix.

Recently, Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) has attracted the attention of a number of investigators, but its elucidation remains incomplete. At present, the determination of its amino acid sequence, which is necessary for its synthesis, and screening for a carrier that allows BMP to be effective in small amounts are unsolved problems. Bone morphogenetic protein is studied here to clarify its clinical applications. BMP was extracted from human and bovine bone matrix with 4 M guanidine-HCl and purified by liquid chromatography. Acrylamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) showed that the purified BMP was homogeneous. We used type I collagen as the carrier in the bioassay. This BMP induced new bone in situ three weeks after implantation in muscle pouches in Wistar rats. The molecular weights of human and bovine bone matrix-derived BMP are 17.0 and 18.0 kDa by SDS-PAGE, and pI values for both are 4.9 by IEF. Human and bovine bone matrix-derived BMP are peptides containing 165 and 163 amino acids, respectively, according to amino acid analysis. The NH2-terminal sequence of bovine bone matrix-derived BMP was obtained from the bovine band, electroblotted onto polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, that corresponded to the final purified fraction. The sequence differs from previously designated BMPs25 and other proteins reported to have similar activity, but the physicochemical characteristics are comparable to the native preparations.

Amino Acid Sequence↗