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Biomedical subjects

K Benirschke

Publications and source records attributed to K Benirschke.

278 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
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Motilin levels in term neonates who have passed meconium prior to birth.

Motilin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay from umbilical cord blood obtained at birth from 38 term neonates (median gestational age 40 weeks, range 39-42 weeks). Birth weights of these neonates ranged from 2,840 to 4,593 G (median 3,600 G). Forty-two percent (16/38) of these neonates passed antenatal meconium. The median motilin level was 177 fmol/ml in those neonates who passed antenatal meconium and 111.5 fmol/ml in those neonates who did not pass meconium prior to birth (p less than 0.01). Although fetal distress has been found to be associated with elevated motilin levels at birth, such an association was not found in this study. These data support an association between elevated motilin levels at birth and antenatal meconium passage.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strategies of ovarian function of importance to gynecologic investigations.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article was to examine the similarities and differences in ovarian morphology and function that are known to exist among mammalian species. The previous difficulties and present solutions to the characterization of ovarian function in non-domestic or non-laboratory species are discussed. METHODS: The current literature regarding comparative ovarian structure and function was reviewed to identify examples of the diversity found with mammals. RESULTS: Major differences in ovarian anatomy include location in the body cavity; the degree of membranous covering surrounding the ovary; vascularization of the ovary, oviduct, and uterus; and the organization of different cell types within the ovary. The differences in ovarian function are simplified in this review by categorizing the known examples into six groups according to patterns in follicle growth and development, mechanisms of ovulation, response of steroid target cells, and luteal function. CONCLUSIONS: Each mammalian species has a unique expression of its ovarian function. The differences between species range from quantitative differences in ovarian cycle phase length to qualitative differences in cell type, endocrine activity, and mechanism of ovulation. These differences present a special problem to research scientists when they attempt to select models for studying many aspects of female reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The recognition and significance of the vanishing twin.

With the advent of sonography, a twin pregnancy may be diagnosed in early gestation. Serial sonographic examinations can show the disappearance of one of two twins. We offer evidence of an early twin pregnancy with a "vanishing twin," resulting in a liveborn singleton plus a fetus papyraceus. There is an increasing body of information about explanations, management, and complications associated with a multiple gestation and fetal death. The distinction between monochorionic and dichorionic twins is important in their management and for both maternal and fetal prognosis. Identification of dizygotic twins through chromosomal or sonographic studies, revealing separate placentas, separate membranes, or different sexes, theoretically allows the physician to predict a favorable outcome for the live twin and the mother.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Male mule foal qualifies as the offspring of a female mule and jack donkey.

Whereas mules are normally considered sterile, reports of fertile female mules persist. However, none subjected to cytogenetical and blood typing analyses could be confirmed as having indeed been mules that transmitted maternal markers to their alleged offspring. Reported here is the case of a cytogenetically verified female mule whose alleged male foal qualifies as offspring by a male donkey. The male foal is karyotypically a mule.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placenta pathology questions to the perinatologist.

There are many reasons to advocate a routine screening for placental lesions. A quick study of the surfaces of the freshly delivered organ gives much relevant information. In certain circumstances the organ should be studied histologically, so as to have a permanent record of the pathologic findings, and also to advance our knowledge of some features that we have as yet no answers to. This communication addresses three pathologic findings at placental examination: meconium staining, presence of nucleated red blood cells, and chorangiosis. In all of these lesions, additional data need to be collected with the help of perinatologists so that the pathologic features can be better understood. It is especially desirable that better time frames for the meconium injury and the secretion of nucleated red blood cells be known.

Capillaries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Embolism of fetal brain tissue to the lungs and the placenta.

We describe a case of a 19-year-old G1P0 woman with an unremarkable prenatal course who presented at term in labor. Fetal bradycardia developed and forceps were used to deliver a male infant, who was born with Apgar scores of 0 and 0 and could not be resuscitated. Examination at autopsy revealed no gross evidence of trauma, but on microscopic examination of the lungs and the placenta, multiple fetal vessels contained emboli consisting of fragments of fetal cerebellar cortex. Previously reported cases of this rare phenomenon are reviewed and the pathogenesis is discussed.

Adult↗