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Biomedical subjects

K Becker

Publications and source records attributed to K Becker.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Pharmacokinetics of azlocillin in persons with normal and impaired renal functions.

The pharmacokinetics of azlocillin, a new wide-spectrum antibiotic of the N-substituted group of ureidomethyl penicillins, was investigated in 10 subjects with normal and in 32 subjects with impaired renal functions. After intravenous injection of 2 g of azlocillin, serum concentrations of drug were measured microbiologically. The half-lives of azlocillin were 47 +/- 8.8 min in patients with normal renal function, and 293.3 min in patients with severely impaired renal function. The correlation of half-life to renal functions is shown by the equation: t/2 = 425.03.Cl(In) (-0.4509), where Cl(In) is inulin clearance. The volume of distribution of the azlocillin was 17.7% of the body weight. Protein binding was similar in patients with normal renal function and in those with severely impaired renal functions. The urinary excretion rate of azlocillin in patients with normal renal function was 64.8 +/- 8.8% in 24 h.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Pyruvate-dehydrogenase deficiency. Lethal course of the disease during infancy (author's transl)].

The course of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency in an infant is described. During pregnancy fetal movements were reduced, and since birth severe neurologic involvement was noticed. Permanent metabolic acidosis due to lactic acidemia as well as hyperpyruvic acidemia and hyperalaninemia were present. Alanine accumulated in CSF and urine, urinary excretion of lactate and pyruvate was highly elevated. Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in a liver biopsy was only 5% of that for normal controls, and pyruvate decarboxylation by cultured fibroblasts was equally decreased. Therapy required permanent administration of bicarbonate. The administration of thiamine had no effect. The infant died within three months. Recently prenatal diagnosis during a subsequent pregnancy of the mother revealed normal results when pyruvate degradation with cultured amniotic fluid cells was investigated, and a healthy child was born.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1977

[Follow-up of 2300 vaginal and abdominal hysterectomies].

The report deals with the 2330 hysterectomies, performed in the "Women's Hospital of the City of Nuernberg", in 1968 through 1973. One thousand extirpations were done the abdominal way, whereas 1330 were done using the vaginal method. The average age of the patients was 50 years. The distribution of the parity of the abdominal hysterectomies was about equal, whereas the parity of the vaginal operations was 11 times higher, mainly because of technical reasons. The main indications of the vaginal extirpations were: descensus, uterus myomatosus and non invasive cancer; the one of the abdominal extirpations was uterus myomatosus, benign and malign ovarial tumors and cancer of corpus uteri. The total ratio of complications (including abscess of the abdominal wall, seromes etc.) amounts ot 19,1% of the abdominal operations, 9,6% of the vaginal operations. The total mortality of the abdominal operations was nearly 1,7% the one of the vaginal operations approached 0,37%. In 50% respectively 80% the cause of death was an acute emboly of the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cribriform polypoid adenomatous (atypical) hyperplasia of the endocervical glands of the uterus under hormonal contraception.

The occurrence of cribriform adenomatous hyperplasia of the endocervical glands of the uterus was examined in 92 women, in whom punch biopsies of the ecto-endocervical line were taken during the second half of their cycle. Of these, 79 women had taken combined estrogen-progestogen preparations, 9 women had taken progestogens alone, while 14 patients formed a control group. There was a significant difference only between the control group without hormones and the groups treated with hormones. The groups of patients under the various regimens of hormonal treatment displayed a varying percentage of cribriform adenomatous hyperplasia. There was a clear tendency for such lesions to be observed more frequently under the combined type of contraception than under the sequential type. These differences were not, however, significant. A correlation with specific exogenous groups of steroids could not be established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hepatic occlusion venography with a balloon catheter in portal hypertension.

Fifty hepatic occlusive venograms with the Swan-Ganz balloon catheter were obtained in 20 patients with portal hypertension. The venographic patterns of hepatic veins were divided into four categories: (a) hepatic venous system without visible alterations; (b) slight loss of branching and tapering, no major wall irregularities; (c) considerable loss of branching and tapering and/or marked wall irregularities; and (d) severe reduction of venous tree with severe wall irregularities ("defoliated tree"). These correlated with severity of the disease. The portal venous system was simultaneously opacified in 10 patients. Intrahepatic and extrahepatic collaterals were found in 8. Hepatic occlusion venography is a suitable method for evaluating alterations of the liver outflow tract in portal hypertension.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1977

[Pregnancies in spite of intrauterine pessaries in situ].

Reviewing literature the fate of 3027 pregnancies with intrauterine devices in situ, included 43 own cases, is reported. The data strongly suggest to remove the intrauterine devices as early as possible in pregnancy, because otherwise the rate of spontaneous abortion, premature birth and stillbirth is negatively affected. The known elevated risk of extrauterine pregnancies is corroberated. The ratio of 1:4 with the progesterone-T is higher than with other IUDs (1:31 to 1:24,5). The observations do not support the view that intrauterine devices cause malformations. From the results instructions for the management of pregnancies associated with intrauterine devices are set up.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical problems in the application of sedatives in patients with chronic liver disease (author's transl)].

In these introductory remarks the application of sedatives in patients with chronic liver diseases is discussed. Sedatives, for example, are used in agitated alcoholics with liver damage, as premedication before endoscopical examinations (emergency endoscopy for hemorrhage from the upper G.i.-tract, peritoneoscopy), and operations necessary for the treatment of typical complications of the liver disease (shunt-op. for portal hypertension). In all these situations the metabolism and pharmaco-kinetics of sedatives may be influenced by the liver disease in a non-predictable way. Generally, an enhanced, enforced and prolonged effect can be assumed. Long acting barbiturates are recommended for a long period treatment, diazepam in reduced doses is used as premedication for endoscopical examination. Opiates should be avoided.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1976

D-Glyceric acidemia in a patient with chronic metabolic acidosis.

A patient is described with glyceric acidemia and glyceric aciduria. The main clinical problems in infancy were severe metabolic acidosis and failure to thrive. The patient needs permanent treatment with bicarbonate. Hyperglycinemia, as described in the first case discovered elsewhere, was not present. The glyceric acid was found to have the D-configuration, as analyzed by capillary gas chromatography of its di-O-acetyl-l-menthyl ester. The abnormality may result from a defect in serine metabolism.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1976

[Obliterative disease of liver veins: clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and pathogenetic aspects of Budd-Chiari syndrome (author's transl)].

Both external and internal factors have to be thought of as causes of obliterative disease of liver veins. Pathogenetically, thrombosis or proliferative vascular disease (endophlebitis hepatica obliterans) may affect either large veins (with occlusion of the ostia) or small ones. Veno-occlusive disease, caused by pyrrolizidine derivatives, is a special form. Injection of contrast medium to the inferior vena cava and (or) the liver veins is the most important diagnostic method. In two personal cases there was secondary occlusion of the liver veins as a result of IVC thrombosis, while in a third case there was non-thrombotic proliferative disease of the wall of the small hepatic veins, closely similar to veno-occlusive disease. In a 19-year-old girl in whom thrombosis of the vena cava (with signs of liver-vein occlusion) occurred after pregnancy, revascularisation was achieved by fibrinolytic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Glutaric aciduria type II: report on a previously undescribed metabolic disorder.

A report is given on a hitherto undescribed metabolic disorder, characterized clinically by fatal neonatal acidosis, hypoglycemia and a strong 'sweaty-feet' odour. Biochemical features were a massive urinary excretion of glutaric and lactic acids. Isobutyric, isovaleric and alpha-methylbutyric acids were also greatly increased, followed by adipic, ethylmalonic, alpha-hydroxybutyric, n-butyric, beta-hydroxybutyric, sebacic, suberic, propionic, alpha-hydroxyisovaleric and hexanoic acids. The serum level of glutaric acid was highly elevated. In the serum there were also abnormal levels of lactic, alpha-hydroxybutyric, adipic, suberic, p-hydroxyphenyllactic, myristic, hexadecenoic, palmitic, oleic and stearic acids. Plasma lysine and valine were also elevated. Degradation of 14C-labelled glutaric acid and 14C-labelled branched-chain amino acids, alpha-ketoisovaleric and alpha-ketoisocaproic acids in intact fibroblasts was decreased, whereas that of pyruvic acid was normal. The defect was tentatively supposed to be localized at the level of the metabolism of a range of acyl-CoA compounds. The name glutaric aciduria 'type II' is proposed for the patient's disease.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Transfer dosemeters for fast neutron sources.

The increasing use of fast neutron sources in radiobiology, radiotherapy, etc. makes dosimetry intercomparisons (intercalibrations) by mail desirable. After comparing the relative advantages and disadvantages of the various available integrating fast neutron detectors, fission fragment track etching was chosen because such detectors can be made sufficiently small, rugged, fading resistant, inexpensive and accurate. Using several combinations of 232Th or 237Np as fissile materials, and organic and inorganic track detectors, it was established that both automatic spark counting and visual track counting techniques can be developed to cover the desirable dose range (approximately 50-500 rad) with sufficient accuracy (sigma less than or equal to 5%). One possible source of errors is the overlapping size distributions of fission fragment and recoil particle tracks in organic foils exposed at high neutron energies. Several approaches to reduce this problem are discussed.

Fast Neutrons↗
PubMed1976

Hepatic occlusion venography with a balloon catheter in patients with end-to side portacaval shunts.

Hepatic occlusion venography with the aid of a Swan-Ganz balloon catheter represents a significant improvement in the radiographic demonstration of hepatic veins and their alteration in liver disease. It is simple to perform and can be combined with other hemodynamic examinations (e.g., hepatic vein pressure measurements). In this way the morphologic and hemodynamic changes in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with portal hypertension can be investigated simultaneously. The method allows optimal demonstration of large branches of hepatic veins. Overloading of small areas of liver parenchyma with concentrated contrast medium, as in wedged hepatic venography, is avoided. Previously unknown portosplanchnic anastomoses developing after end-to-side portacaval shunt were demonstrated in seven of eight patients using this method. The frequency and size of these collaterals suggest possible hemodynamic and clinical significance.

Adult↗