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Biomedical subjects

K Baba

Publications and source records attributed to K Baba.

586 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibitory effects of active substances isolated from Cassia garrettiana heartwood on tumor growth and lung metastasis in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice (Part 1).

A methanol extract (500 mg/kg x 2/day) of the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana inhibited the tumor growth and metastasis to the lung in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-bearing mice. We isolated the two active substances from the methanol extract of C. garrettiana: compound 1 was identified as Cassigarol A and the determination of the structure of compound 2 is now in progress. We examined the effect of the active substance (compound 1, Cassigarol A) on tumor growth and lung metastasis in LLC-bearing and primary tumor-removed mice and found that Cassigarol A (50 mg and 100 mg/kg x 2/day) inhibited the tumor growth and metastasis to the lung. In addition, Cassigarol A inhibited the plasmin activity and the formation of capillary-like networks of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at concentrations of 10 to 100 microM. Therefore, it is suggested that the antitumor and antimetastatic activities of Cassigarol A might be due to the inhibition of plasmin activity and formation of tubes (angiogenesis) from HUVECs.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibitory effects of active substances isolated from Cassia garrettiana heartwood on tumor growth and lung metastasis in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice (Part 2).

Previously, we reported that a methanol extract (500 mg/kg x 2/day) of the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana inhibited the tumor growth and metastasis to the lung in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-bearing mice. Furthermore, we isolated the two active substances from the methanol extract of C. garrettiana and identified compound 1 as cassigarol A. In the present study, compound 2 was identified as 3, 3', 4, 5'-tetrahydroxy stilbene (piceatannol) based on the 1H-NMR spectral data and products formed by oxidation with potassium permanganate. We examined the active substance (compound 2, piceatannol) and its acetylated derivative on the tumor growth and lung metastasis in LLC-bearing and carcinectomized mice. Piceatannol (50 mg and 100 mg/kg x 2/day) did not affect the tumor growth, while piceatannol acetate (50 mg and 100 mg/kg x 2/day) significantly inhibited the tumor growth. Piceatannol and its derivative piceatannol acetate inhibited the metastasis to the lung dose-dependently in carcinectomized mice. Moreover, piceatannol and piceatannol acetate prolonged the survival time and increased the survival rate in carcinectomized mice. In addition, piceatannol inhibited the formation of capillary-like networks of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at the concentrations of 10 to 100 microM, but its acetylated derivative did not. Therefore, it is suggested that the antimetastatic activities of piceatannol might be due to the inhibition of tube formation (angiogenesis) of HUVECs.

Acetylation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immediate effect of occlusal contact pattern in lateral jaw position on the EMG activity in jaw-elevator muscles in humans.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of experimental alterations of nonworking-side occlusal contacts on jaw-elevator muscle activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individual devices were fabricated to simulate various lateral occlusal relationships. Twelve human subjects were asked to carry out submaximal lateral clenching, and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and anterior and posterior temporalis muscles was measured. RESULTS: Clenching in a lateral mandibular position under natural conditions induced an activity pattern with a clear dominance of the anterior and posterior temporalis muscles on the working side. Working-side dominance in the anterior temporalis was reduced moderately when an experimental nonworking-side occlusal contact was added. Dominance decreased dramatically when an experimental nonworking-side interference was added. The working-side activity in the posterior temporalis was also reduced dramatically by an experimental nonworking-side interference, but not by a nonworking-side occlusal contact. None of the experimental contact patterns had a significant effect on the masseter activity. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the nonworking-side occlusal contacts have a significant effect on clenching-induced temporalis muscle activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast carcinoma cell uptake and biodistribution of technetium-99m-carboxymethyl benzylamide dextran.

Carboxymethyl Benzylamide Dextran (CMDB7) displayed an in vitro growth inhibitory activity on breast tumor cells. CMDB7 is able to disrupt the interaction of angiogenic growth factors (FGF2, TGF beta and PDGF) with their membrane receptors. This compound blocks the angiogenesis of MDA-MB435 carcinoma xenografted in mammary fat pad and their lung metastases in nude mice. In this work, we studied the uptake of CMDB7 labeled with 99mTc in cultured human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and the highly tumorigenic MCF-7ras cell line (Ha-ras-transfected MCF-7 cells) and the in vivo distribution in MCF-7ras tumor-bearing mice. The 99mTc-CMDB7 are stable and the intracellular concentration is time-dependent and reaches a plateau at 180 minutes. 99mTc CMDB7 uptake is much higher in MCF-7ras cells than MCF-7 cells. Since CMDB7 is internalized and could also inhibit cell proliferation by acting at nuclear sites, we investigated the MCF-7ras nuclear localization after cell fractionation. Cell fractionation revealed a cytoplasmic and nuclear internalization of CMDB7. The tumor uptakes of 99mTc-CMDB7 were 0.34%, 0.72% and 0.62% of the administrated doses per gram of tumor tissue at 1 hour, 3 hour and 5 hours respectively after their injection. The blood clearance of 99mTc CMDB7 was very rapid and the liver, spleen and kidney uptakes were very weak. These results confirm the absence of toxicity of CMDB7 and the usefulness of CMDB7 in cancer therapy by targeting breast tumors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A biometrical study on esophageal invasion of carcinoma of the upper stomach. Part II: Radiographic evaluation of esophageal invasion on the basis of its occurring point and size.

Esophageal invasion of upper stomach cancer was analized on the resected specimen based on its occurring point and size. The distance of esophageal invasion was calculated by subtracting the distance between the occurring point and esophagogastric junction (EJG) from the radius of the cancer on the preoperative X-ray films. Fifty-six (76.7%) out of 73 resected cancers of the upper stomach invaded the esophagus. The average distance of invasion was 19.8 +/- 12.7 mm; the longest distance was 64.0 mm. The shorter was the distance of the occurring point from the EGJ, the longer was the esophageal invasion. The calculated distance of esophageal invasion of the cancer was correlated significantly with its histological distance (p less than 0.01). The distance of esophageal invasion can be seen with acceptable accuracy on the X-ray films preoperatively, even when the proximal edge of esophageal invasion is not clear on the films.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer diagnosis by laser transmission photo-scanning with spectro-analysis (report 4).

The laser transmission photo-scanning (LTPS) is a non-invasive imaging technique for breast examination that is based on the fact that tumors have a different light transmission rate than normal tissues. The LTPS equipment used in our study was improved by adopting a dual (red and infrared) beam scan method. LTPS results of 19 patients are presented here, together with their mammography results. Sixteen positive cases were detected by LTPS, while mammography yielded 15 out of 19 cases. In our study, LTPS images were similar in accuracy to those of X-ray mammography. This dual-wavelength LTPS system improved the tumor sensitivity and specificity of transmission images. It may be possible to present pathophysiological data in addition to anatomical data, to distinguish malignant from benign tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A biometrical study on esophageal invasion of carcinoma of the upper stomach. Part I: Determination of occurring point of the cancer and analysis of its horizontal extension.

In order to detect the occurring point of gastric cancer, and to determine its horizontal extension from this point, we performed a histological examination of 30 resected specimens of upper stomach cancer and 31 of middle and lower stomach cancers. The center of the horizontal extension (Oh) and that of the vertical extension (Ov) were calculated using a paper model. The mean distance between Ov and Oh (Ov-Oh D) was as little as 5.7 +/- 5.0 mm, and the ratio of Ov-Oh D to the size of the lesion was as low as 8.3 +/- 6.7%. There was a linear correlation between the oral and anal radii of the cancer. There was also a linear correlation between anterior and posterior radii of the cancer. In conclusion, either the Oh or the Ov can be considered as the occurring point, and the cancer grows concentrically around this point.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical management of patients with radiation enteritis.

To improve the surgical outcome in patients with radiation enteritis, 18 female cases were analyzed. Out of the 18 cases, 3 (16.7%) were treated conservatively while 15 (83.3%) underwent surgical procedures. Thirteen out of 14 patients (92.8%) with ileus underwent an operation. The overall mortality was 22.2% (4 out of 18 cases). However, no significant difference in the mortality between the operated and non-operated cases was observed. Although an analysis of the 15 operated cases did not reveal any significant factors that might have affected the prognosis, all four patients who underwent a bypass operation showed a good postoperative course, with only one excepting being a patient suffering from malnutrition. Although only a small number of patients were included in this study, these results suggest that 1) surgeons should not hesitate to operate on patients with radiation enteritis demonstrating ileus, and 2) a bypass operation may be one surgical alternative in the presence of massive adhesion or for patients at high risk for a standard operation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anorexia nervosa - thoughts on psychogenesis and psychotherapy].

In this work I tried to classify Anorexia nervosa into two groups, the central group and the reactive group. The central group contains four different subgroups, the immature, the schizoid, the hysterical and the compulsive type. In the first two subgroups the lack of appetite appears primarily at the onset of the disease, and the fear of growing up plays an important role. In the latter two subgroups the lack of appetite comes later on the basis of a conscious or subconscious suppression of the appetite; here prevails a wish to be slender and the disturbance of the aesthetic value orientation. The basis of this syndrome lies in the interpersonal constellation in the family during the childhood. In tests and interviews of the parents of 20 patients was proved, that the fathers have weak and immature character structures, show little interest in the family, they are hypochondriacl, undecisive and not self-confident. On the contrary the mothers are more normative and they endeavour to accept or compensate some parts of the father-role. In the course of these excessive efforts they lose their motherhood and become secondarily dominating grumbling persons. By the lack of the normal father-daugher-relationship, the maturation of sexuality and feminity is disturbed. The method of psychotherapy of those ambivalent, unmotivated patients with ego-splitting is different from that of other neuroses in many points, such as activity, flexibility and educational control on the part of the therapist instead of the psychoanalytic neutrality. In such cases therapists should not be reluctant to act as an object of identification for these patients.

Anorexia Nervosa↗