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Biomedical subjects

K B Orr

Publications and source records attributed to K B Orr.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Low-dose (diagnostic-like) x-ray as a cocarcinogen in mouse colon carcinoma.

To test the hypothesis that low-dose (diagnostic-like) radiation may play the part of a cocarcinogen in inflammatory bowel disease, we used four groups of BALB/C mice, (a control, dimethylhydrazine, dimethylhydrazine plus low-dose radiation, and low-dose radiation). We found no protective or carcinogen effects of the radiation in combination with dimethylhydrazine compared to dimethylhydrazine alone. This type of negative experimental finding is important in that individuals with inflammatory bowel disease have many diagnostic x-rays throughout life.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis procedure for easy identification of antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens.

Much effort is being expended to detect and to characterize the multiplicity of antibodies directed against extractable nuclear antigens in connective tissue diseases. Hemagglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis are highly sensitive but lack specificity and must be followed by double diffusion. Double diffusion, however, suffers from lack of sensitivity and often from lack of clarity for interpretation of the resulting precipitin lines. We describe here a modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis procedure utilizing offsetting wells, followed by diffusion, which provides the clarity of precipitin lines for easy interpretation as well as overnight interpretation and the use of small amounts of reagents.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1983

Early gastric cancer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

False Positive Reactions↗
PubMed1983

A comparison of several immunochemical approaches for the screening of alpha chain disease.

Immunoelectrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis immunoselection, and rocket immunoselection techniques are used to demonstrate the presence of alpha heavy chain disease proteins in four patients' sera. Immunoelectrophoresis by itself cannot be used to detect the presence of alpha heavy chain disease proteins owing to the failure of some lambda light-chain antisera to react with IgA proteins. However utilization of a mixture of antisera to IgA and kappa or lambda determinants in immunoelectrophoresis can aid in the detection. Rocket immunoselection and immunoelectrophoresis immunoselection when used together provide the most compelling evidence in the immunochemical detection of alpha heavy chain disease proteins. Such techniques provides sufficient evidence to warrant the more complex reduction and alkylation methodologies necessary to establish a firm diagnosis of alpha heavy chain disease.

Heavy Chain Disease↗
PubMed1980

Suture material as a nidus for formation of common bile duct stones.

Three patients in whom recurrent common bile duct stones formed around suture material used in the region of the biliary tree are reported. Experimental and clinical evidence from the literature is presented to support recommendations that only absorbable ligature and suture materials should be used in the region of the common bile duct.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Use of 2-mercaptoethanol to facilitate detection and classification of IgM abnormalities by immunoelectrophoresis.

IgM immunoglobulins in elevated serum concentrations have a tendency to polymerize and form aggregates. When subjected to immunoelectrophoreses these proteins may deposit at the point of origin. This can result in failure to detect an IgM abnormality or the masking of other serum protein abnormalities migrating near the area of application. This paper demonstrates the importance of using reducing agents such as 2-mercaptoethanol not only to detect and/or to confirm the monoclonal IgM gammopathies but also to unmask other protein abnormalities.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMed1978

Severe pancreaticoduodenal injury.

A case where a patient suffered major pancreaticoduodenal injury as a result of a road accident and required pancreaticoduodenectomy is described. Investigative procedures are discussed. Emphasis is placed upon the importance of treating such patients in centres with full support facilities, and with experienced and available staff members.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The function of T cells carrying receptors for complexes of Ig and antigen.

Thymocytes exposed briefly in vitro to a variety of particulate substances (such as mycobacteria, erythrocytes of allogeneic cells) or to substances known to act in vivo as adjuvants (LPS or poly A:U), generate supernates which are able to induce cytophilic Ig in normal mouse serum in the presence of a foreign protein (antigen). This cytophilic Ig is taken up by 20-25% of splenic T cells. Hydrocortisone resistant thymocytes show the same property, while bone marrow cells are inactive. This activity is similar to that reported previously as being present in the 4S fraction of mouse serum, collected 6 hours after injection of complete Freund's adjuvant. It is proposed that this factor is responsible for the formation of complexes of Ig and antigen which have been detected in the serum 6 hours after immunization. Thymocytes collected 6 hours after priming in vivo with SRBC (when a subpopulation among them carries easily demonstrable surface Ig) are able to amplify markedly the antibody response particularly the 7S. It is postulated that the factor by generating the cytophilic Ig (complexes?) which is taken up by T cells, sets up a mechanism which markedly amplifies their helper cell function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗