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Biomedical subjects

K Ayadi

Publications and source records attributed to K Ayadi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Septic dislocation of the hip secondary to BCG vaccination].

We report a case of septic dislocation of the hip in an eight-month-old infant secondary to BCG vaccination. The usual treatment of septic arthritis with surgical drainage and broad spectrum antibiotics was unsuccessful. Cure was achieved after institution of an anti-tuberculosis treatment and a second surgical drainage. This rare complication of BCG vaccination can develop several months after administration of the vaccine. Diagnosis is often difficult to establish due to the minimal clinical and non-specific clinical expression. Early radiological signs are also non-specific. Identification of the causal agent can be most difficult. Certain diagnosis is generally achieved after biopsy and pathology examination. Despite the attenuated virulence of the vaccine, anti-tuberculosis treatment is indispensable to achieve cure. Surgery drainage alone is insufficient.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Osteoid osteoma of the olecranon].

We report a case of osteoid osteoma of the olecranon which developed in the greater sigmoid cavity. The patient was a 22-year-old male who complained of arthritic-like symptoms limited to the elbow joint and progressing for three years. Rheumatoid arthritis then tuberculosis were entertained as possible diagnoses. The diagnosis of osteoid osteoma was not established until the disease had progressed for three years and had already become stiff due to epiphyseal remodeling. Resection of the nidus only alleviate pain and joint motion was not improved.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The most frequent type of elbow fracture in children is by far the supracondylar fracture. This type of fracture also raises the greatest risk of nerve injury. We wanted to study the clinical and prognostic features of nerve injuries in children presen-ting supracondylar fractures of the humerus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed the files of 55 children with nerve lesions identified among 1 180 files on supracondylar fractures in children. Most presented Lagrange and Ribault stage IV fractures. Nerve injuries involved the radial nerve (n=28), medial nerve (n=20), and ulnar nerve (n=7). The nerve injury was diagnosed before treatment in 32 children, and after treatment in 23. When nerve injury was identified before treatment, closed reduction had been used for eleven fractures and open reduction for 21. Nerve injury identified after treatment was found in eleven fractures after closed reduction and in 12 fractures after open reduction. RESULTS: When nerve injury was recognized at the initial examination, spontaneous nerve recovery was achieved in all cases, irrespective of the treatment modality, within a maximum of four months. When nerve injury was recognized after treatment, spontaneous nerve recovery was obtained in twenty cases. Time to recovery was longer. The three other cases required nerve exploration with neurolysis for two and a nerve graft for one. DISCUSSION: Nerve injury discovered after treatment is either caused by or aggravated by the treatment. Prognosis is less favorable than for injuries discovered at the initial examination. This highlights the importance of carefully searching for nerve deficit, even partial deficiency, in all children presenting a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. It also emphasizes the importance of care in obtaining bone reduction if the initial examination did not reveal any nerve deficit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Extra-abdominal desmoid tumors: 7-year outcome after surgical treatment in 12 patients].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical course and outcome in 12 patients with extra-abdominal desmoid tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective series included 12 patients with extra-abdominal desmoid tumors treated between 1987 and 1996. Female gender predominated (8/12) and age ranged from 4 months to 60 years. The tumors were identified in the thoracic wall (n=2), the upper limb (n=4), and the lower limb (n=6) with a bony localization in the upper femoral metaphysis. Magnetic resonance imaging was highly contributive to the search for extension. Surgical treatment was given in all cases. All patients were living at last follow-up. RESULTS: Complete resection was achieved in three patients and incomplete resection in nine. Mean follow-up was seven years. There was one case of sarcomatous transformation and nine cases of recurrence. Mean time to recurrence was one year (range 6 months-4 years). Two tumors, in the forearm and the leg, did not recur. Secondary surgery was not attempted in four patients whose clinical situation has remained stable after recurrence. A second resection was performed for recurrence in four other patients who then remained recurrence-free to last follow-up. One tumor recurred three times after surgical resection. Functional outcome was good in nine patients. DISCUSSION: The poorly limited nature of extra-abdominal desmoid tumors makes resection a difficult task, particularly when located in the girdles or the most proximal part of the limbs. Wide first-intention surgical resection is recommended but mutilation must be avoided due to the benign nature of the tumor, its slow progression, and the possibility of regression or stability after recurrence. Nevertheless, surgical treatment of recurrent tumors is difficult and often insufficient, compromising functional outcome. Complementary treatment (radiotherapy) has been advocated for better control tumor growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Multifocal bony hemangioendothelioma: a case report].

Hemangioendothelioma is a rare tumor (0.5% of primary malignant bone tumors) generally found in long bones and tarsal bones. We report a case in a 67-year-old man who underwent surgery in 1987 for a tumor of the left ankle. He again consulted in 1998 for pain in the left knee. Standard x-rays of the left lower limb evidenced multiple partitioned bone defects with cortical lysis in the femoral condyle, the upper and lower portions of the tibia and the talus. Computed tomography showed a lytic image of the lower femoral and superior tibial epiphysis without cortical or soft tissue involvement. Laboratory findings were normal. Pathology examination of a biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis of grade I multifocal bony hemangioendothelioma of the medial femoral condyle and the medial upper tibial facet of the left knee. Search for extension was negative. Curettage followed by cement filling of all tumor sites and postoperative radiotherapy were successful. No recurrence has been observed 3 years later. The histological polymorphism of hemangioendotheliomas leads to varying therapeutic management schemes.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Mediterranean lymphoma mimicking Crohn's disease].

We report an uncommon localization of mediterranean lymphoma of the terminal ileum in a 28 year-old male patient. Ultrasound and Computed Tomography showed moderate regular and symmetrical intestinal wall thickening simulating Crohn's disease. We highlight the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis, staging and detection of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Splenic nodules and sickle cell anemia].

OBJECTIVE: We report 4 patients with sickle cell anemia presenting with intra-splenic benign nodules corresponding to islands of preserved tissue within splenic ferro-calcinosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ultrasound, CT and MRI findings were evaluated and compared to a follow-up study by ultrasound and CT done after 6 to 12 months. RESULTS: Ultrasound showed multiple well-defined rounded nodules appearing hypoechoic compared to the rest of the spleen that was hyperechoic. On CT, the nodules were homogenous, hypodense relative to the spleen, isodense to the liver in 3 cases and hypodense to the liver in 1 case. On MRI, the nodules appeared relatively hyperintense within low-signal-intensity spleens. The ultrasound and CT follow-up study demonstrated no remarkable change. CONCLUSION: In sickle cell patients, intra-splenic benign nodules corresponding to normal splenic tissue may be identified on imaging studies. The differential diagnosis is discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1999

[Trans-ethmoid encephaloceles].

We report two cases of ethmoidal cephaloceles. Ethmoidal cephaloceles are very rare and most commonly present with recurrent episodes of meningitis or sometimes as a nasal mass. Diagnosis is made at MR and CT. Such imaging studies should be obtained in patients with recurrent meningitis or patients with polypoid nasal lesions prior to biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Can careful ultrasound examination of the urinary tract exclude vesicoureteric reflux in the neonate?

The aim of the study was to determine whether a urinary tract appearing normal when assessed by meticulous ultrasound (US) examination may coexist with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) and whether a normal US scan can be used to exclude VUR, thereby avoiding unnecessary voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). The US features of 35 neonates with known VUR were reviewed. Criteria studied included pelvic dilatation above 7 mm on a transverse scan, calyceal or ureteral dilatation, pelvic or ureteral wall thickening, absence of the corticomedullary differentiation (CMD) and signs of renal dysplasia (small kidney, thinned or hyperechoic cortex and cortical cysts); all signs that have been shown to result from or to be associated with VUR. 57 refluxing renal units (RRU) were found among the 35 patients. VUR was bilateral in 22. Among the 57 RRU, at least one US anomaly that would have prompted VCUG was present in 50 (87.7%). Pelvic dilatation above 7 mm was present in 29 RRU (50.9%) only. Calyceal dilatation was present in 24 RRU, the dilatation involving the calyces but not the renal pelvis in seven. Ureteral dilatation was observed in 15 RRU. Pelvic or ureteral wall thickening was present in seven RRU. CMD was absent in 32 RRU (56.1%). US signs of dysplasia were found in 19 RRU. No US anomaly was found in seven RRU (12.3%) in six patients. A careful and meticulous US examination of the neonatal urinary tract allows the detection of over 87% of RRU by showing at least one sonographic abnormality. It is concluded that a normal appearing urinary tract on US does not usually coexist with VUR and that in such cases VCUG is not necessary.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1997

[Ultrasonography of acute osteomyelitis of the long bones in children. Diagnostic and prognostic value].

Between 1991 and 1994, ultrasonography was used to investigate 90 consecutive children with acute osteomyelitis. Ultrasonographic findings were analyzed taking into account the time elapsed from first symptoms. Outcome in 47 children who were treated and followed for at least 6 months was also studied. Deep soft tissue swelling adjacent to the affected bone was found to be an early but nonspecific sign which persisted all along the course of the disease. Periosteal elevation smaller than 3 mm, secondary to exsudation or septic fluid, confirmed the disease in earliest stage and was the most frequent ultrasonographic sign in first three days of disease. Treated at that stage, total resolution was obtained in 66% of patients and stabilization, in 34% of cases, without any evolution toward chronicity. Acute osteomyelitis with subperiosteal abscess progressed toward stabilization in 66% of cases and toward chronic osteomyelitis in 8% of cases. 32% of subperiosteal abscess were ruptured; in such situation, progression to chronicity was observed in 26% of patients. Since ultrasonography has been used in our institution for the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis, the rate of evolution to chronicity spectacularly dropped from 63% to 11%. The main advantage of ultrasonography is an earlier detection of subperiosteal collection that indicates surgical drainage without any delay.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Abdominal emergencies of infectious origin].

Infectious disease is a common cause of acute abdomen. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination and basic laboratory tests. However, medical imaging routinely performed according to the clinical findings is frequently useful. Hepatic and splenic abscesses are correctly demonstrated by ultrasonography and computed tomography. Ultrasonography is the reference standard for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. The US examination is also performed for the diagnosis of appendicitis and its complications. Ultrasonography and barium enerna are commonly performed for the evaluation of signoid diverticulitis. Computed tomography is the reference standard to determine medical or surgical procedures.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1996

[Acute pancreatitis].

The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is based on clinical examination and basic laboratory tests. The main role of sonography in acute pancreatitis is to evaluate gallstones and small fluid collections. However, sonography is frequently difficult due to intestinal ileus related to pancreatitis. CT is indicated early in the clinical course of acute severe pancreatitis when the diagnosis is uncertain or when complications such as abscess, hemorrhage, or necrosis, are suspected. In addition, CT may be used to assess the prognosis and follow-up of patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Thoraco-abdominal digestive duplication].

The authors report a case of a thoraco-abdominal duplication of the foregut, observed in a 10-year old boy. Thoraco-abdominal duplication is an expression of notochordodysraphia, as it is frequently associated with vertebral malformations. Barium meal, ultrasonography and CT-Scan should provide a preoperative diagnosis. One-stage total excision in a single stage is mandatory in order to treat the symptoms and avoid the risks of further progression.

Cardia↗