Immunohistochemical detection of oestrogen receptor-related protein (p29) in apocrine glands.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
K Aozasa
Publications and source records attributed to K Aozasa.
Primary lymphoma of the brain developing in a boy after a 5-year history of encephalitis: polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analyses for Epstein-Barr virus.
A 7-year-old boy presented with headache, vomiting, fever, epileptic seizure, and a left hemiparesis. Computed tomography revealed low-density areas in the left frontal lobe and right occipital lobe. Incisional biopsy of the right occipital lesion showed a diffuse and laminar destruction accompanied by microglial reaction in the cortex. An encephalitis of unknown etiology was suspected without data on viral titers in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Two months later right hemiparesis and ataxia appeared that were alleviated by prednisolone. Thereafter, similar symptoms repeatedly appeared, but disappeared after treatment with prednisolone. Approximately 5 years later, hemiparesis recurred: computed tomography revealed an 8 x 5 cm mass in the right lobe. A brain biopsy revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse large, predominantly non-cleaved cell type of B-cell nature. The patient died 1 week after the surgery. The first biopsy specimen (taken at 7 years of age) did not contain Epstein-Barr virus genomes even when examined by polymerase chain reaction. The polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization techniques on the second biopsy specimens (taken at 12 years of age) revealed the Epstein-Barr virus sequences in the nuclei of diffuse large cell lymphoma. These findings suggested that the Epstein-Barr virus infection occurring between the first and second biopsies played an etiologic role in the pathogenesis of the brain lymphoma.
Brain Neoplasms↗
Treatment of indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma localized in the head and neck.
A total of 25 patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma localized in the head and neck region was analyzed. Of these, 21 patients were classified as clinical Stage I, and 4 as Stage II. In 22 patients the extranodal site was involved, and it was a remarkable characteristic of this series of patients. Overall treatment results were as follows: survival rate 100% at 5 years, and relapse-free survival rate 81% at 2 and 5 years. There was only 1 death at 6 years and 2 months after treatment, and 4 relapses occurred by 2 years after treatment. Relapse was observed in 3 of 8 patients with follicular mixed/follicular medium type, which was in contrast to the other indolent histologies (SL, DSCl, ILL) with very few relapses.
Adult↗
Artificial pneumothorax as a risk factor for development of pleural lymphoma.
An etiologically important role of chronic tuberculous empyema for development of pleural lymphocytic lymphoma of B-cell type has been suggested. To examine risk factors for development of pleural lymphoma in patients with chronic tuberculous empyema, a case-control study was carried out. Onset age of lung tuberculosis and empyema, presence of chemotherapy, surgical treatment, extent of empyema, presence of fistula, history of smoking, and height and weight of patients at first admission were compared in patients with empyema alone (70 controls) and empyema complicated with lymphoma (42 cases): the date of birth and sex were matched by group. The patients receiving artificial pneumothorax showed a significant increase in risk for development of pleural lymphoma (relative risk = 4.92, P < 0.05). We could not find any report describing development of pleural neoplasias in patients with chronic empyema receiving surgical resection of pleural pyogenic membrane. From these findings, it is suggested that artificial pneumothorax left chronic non-healing inflammation in the pleural cavity, which resulted in development of pleural lymphoma.
Adult↗
Ultrastructural study of extramammary Paget's disease--histologically showing transition from bowenoid pattern to Paget's disease pattern.
Histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies were performed on two cases of histologically unusual extramammary Paget's disease. Histologically, the central area of the lesions showed a bowenoid pattern, and the peripheral area showed typical extramammary Paget's disease. The transition zone showed an intermediate pattern. All these areas were positive for CEA and EMA, and negative for S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, in the intermediate pattern, the tumour cells had abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, and the widened intercellular spaces contained numerous glycogen particles, which were probably secreted by the tumour cells. It is well known that eccrine glands, but not apocrine glands, secrete glycogen particles. Therefore, the present findings suggest that some cases of extramammary Paget's disease are a proliferation of germinative cells with eccrine gland differentiation.
Aged↗
Extramedullary plasmacytoma producing biclonal gammopathy.
A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting with biclonal gammopathy is reported. The patient was an 82-year-old man in whom monoclonal-protein (M-protein) was not noted during his first hospitalization. On his second hospitalization generalized lymph node swelling and biclonal gammopathy (IgG-kappa, IgA-kappa) were observed. Histological findings were compatible with those of extramedullary plasmacytoma. In the terminal stages, the patient became cachexic. The autopsy disclosed dissemination of the plasmacytoma. Only two other cases have been reported in the literature, and a review of these previous reports is included.
Aged↗
Primary malignant lymphoma of the liver.
Clinical and pathologic features of 69 cases with primary hepatic lymphoma, 52 reported from Western countries and 17 cases from Japan, were summarized in terms of clinical findings including age and sex, past history, presenting symptoms, and physical findings, diagnostic procedures including imaging techniques and histopathology, and finally therapy and follow-up. The present cases included four patients with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 12 with a history of chronic liver diseases. Histologically, all cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with diffuse large cell type being the most common immunochemically about 80% were B-cell type. Follow-up showed that hepatic lymphoma had a relatively favourable prognosis provided early detection was possible.
Adolescent↗
The occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes in autoimmune disorders.
Occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes (MBL) in extranodal organs in various inflammatory diseases was examined. MBL were present in 5 (11.4%) of 44 patients with Graves' disease, 11 (36.7%) of 30 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 1 (8.3%) of 12 with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (LFH) of stomach, 1 (10%) of 10 with cutaneous LFH, and 0 of 5 with LFH of lung. The MBL presented as irregularly shaped nodular collections of cells, directly surrounding secondary follicles. Immunohistochemistry revealed a B-cell nature of these cells which expressed the following antigens; CD3-, CD 15-, CD45RA+, CD45Ro-, CDw 75+, CD74+, Mx-PanB+, MB-1+, EMA-. There were no immunoglobulin light chain restriction among infiltrating lymphoid cells. MBL in 2 of 18 cases showed positive reaction for CD43. The patients with MBL were older than those without MBL in each organ site, though the difference was not statistically significant. These findings showed that the MBL could appear in nonlymphoid organs affected by long-standing inflammation. High frequency of the appearance of the MBL in Hashimoto's thyroiditis suggest that MBL proliferation correlates with an impaired immune status.
Adult↗
Detection of low copy numbers of Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization using nonradioisotopic probes prepared by the polymerase chain reaction.
A highly sensitive in situ hybridization procedure was established using digoxigenin-11-dUTP-labeled probes that were prepared by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By using 12 sets of primers, BamHI-W fragment of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) was amplified with labeled substrate in individual PCRs. Then the 12 probes (average size, 120 base pairs) were mixed and hybridized with cultured and RNase-treated Namalwa cells, which contain two copies of EBV genomes per cell. The strength of the signals was much stronger as compared with random-primed probe. Our results indicate that the size-averaged PCR probes magnified the sensitivity for detecting low copy numbers of virus genomes by in situ hybridization and that this technique has the potential for investigating latent virus infection in other clinical situations.
Base Sequence↗
The occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes in the spleen in gastric cancer.
Occurrence of monocytoid B-lymphocytes (MBL) in spleens of 34 patients with gastric cancer was examined. Histologic findings of gastric cancer including classification, depth of invasion, and stage of disease were defined based on the General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study (Japan). MBL were defined morphologically as having abundant pale cytoplasm with distinct cell borders and small nucleus often with reniform shape. Immunohistochemically, these cells were B-cell in nature, i.e., CD15-, CD43-, CD45RA+, CD45Ro-, CD68-, CD74+, CDw75+, Mx-PanB(L26)+, MBI+, EMA-, PG-MI-. Clusters of MBL were found in 14 of 34 (41%) patients: they were found to be directly adjoining to the periarterial sheath or apart from the white pulp. In the cases without MBL, zonation of mantle zone and marginal zone was apparent with distinct secondary follicles in 72% of cases. Meanwhile, in spleens with MBL, the mantle zone showed atrophy in a half of cases, resulting in indistinct zonation of the mantle zone and marginal zone. Secondary follicles were distinct in less than 30% of cases. Correlation of the occurrence of MBL, evaluated by Spearman's correlation coefficient, revealed that the age was the most important factor (R = -0.4852, P = 0.00364): the median age of patients with and without MBL was 75.7 and 61.7 yr, respectively. The MBL were increased in gastric cancer as compared with other cancers (P < 0.03) and with noncancer spleens (P < 0.1). The age of gastric cancer patients with MBL was older than those in other cancers and noncancer patients. Therefore occurrence of MBL in spleen might be a function of aging.
Aged↗
Immunoreactivities of Reed-Sternberg cells and their variants in the sequential biopsy of Hodgkin's disease.
Reactivities of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells for antibodies against T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes together with CD30 and CD15 were examined in the sequential biopsies of Hodgkin's disease (HD). For this purpose, six patients with lymphocyte predominant (LP) HD, each three of nodular and diffuse types, and three with mixed cellularity (MC) HD were examined. Numbers of times of biopsy in these cases were 25, the intervals between each biopsy ranged from 1 to 92 (median 12) mo. Positive reactivities of the RS cells for CD20, 45R, w75, w74, and/or MB1 were observed in all but one with nodular LPHD. Five of six cass with LPHD showed positive reaction for CD30 and/or CD15. RS cells in all of the present MCHD cases showed a positive reaction for CD30 with each one case showing positive reaction for CD15, CD20, and w75. RS cells in two of three cases with MCHD showed a positive reaction for CD20 or w75. RS cells did not show positive reaction for any antibodies against T-lymphocytes. Sequential biopsy revealed that two of three cases with nodular LPHD and one of three with diffuse LPHD changed to MCHD and two of three with MCHD changed to LDHD. Reactivity of RS cells for CD30 was consistent even when the histologic subtypes changed. Expression of CD15 by RS cells was labile; appearance of disappearance of this antigen during sequential biopsy was frequent. Positive reactivities of RS cells for anti-B-lymphocytes antibodies in LPHD cases disappeared in two cases when histology changed to MCHD. In one case with MCHD, the RS cells became reactive for anti-B-lymphocytes antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Placental involvement by maternal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
We report a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with placental metastasis. A 42-year-old pregnant women was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at 26 weeks' gestation by needle-aspiration biopsy of the lung. She later delivered a boy at 28 weeks' gestation; however, despite resuscitation he died soon after birth. Histopathologically, we found malignant lymphoma cells invading the intervillous space of the placenta, but an autopsy on the neonate was not authorized. The patient died 10 months later of widespread malignant lymphoma, confirmed by autopsy. This case is interesting, since malignancy during pregnancy is rare, and even more infrequent are cases of maternal malignant lymphoma with placental metastasis.
Adult↗
Lethal midline granuloma in Seoul (Korea) and Shanghai (China)
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Adolescent↗
Detection of large cell component in small cell lung carcinoma by combined cytologic and histologic examinations and its clinical implication.
BACKGROUND: In the classification recently proposed by the Pathology Committee of International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was divided into three subtypes: pure SCLC, mixed small cell/large cell carcinoma (mixed SC/LC), and combined SCLC. METHODS: To examine the clinical utility of this classification, histologic specimens, cytologic specimens obtained by brushing or fine-needle aspiration, and sputum cytologic specimens from 430 patients with SCLC were reviewed. RESULTS: When the subtype of SCLC was determined from the biopsy specimen, cytologic specimen obtained by brushing or fine-needle aspiration, and sputum cytologic specimen, the frequency of mixed SC/LC was 25 of 299 (8.4%), 75 of 400 (18.8%), and 8 of 232 (3.4%), respectively. Whatever the diagnostic method, patients with mixed SC/LC showed a poorer response to treatment and worse prognosis than those with pure SCLC: a median survival of 144 days versus 285 days when classified with the use of biopsy specimens; 160 days versus 275 days with cytologic specimens obtained by brushing or fine-needle aspiration; and 47 days versus 259 days with sputum cytologic specimens, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings showed that mixed SC/LC should be separated from pure SCLC as a distinctive group and that cytologic studies of specimens obtained by brushing or fine-needle aspiration were sensitive and useful procedures for this purpose.
Adult↗
Distribution of histologic subtypes and sex ratio in various primary sites of lymphocytic lymphoma.
To examine the distribution of histologic subtypes and sex ratio in each primary site of lymphoma, 1,169 histologically proven cases of lymphocytic lymphoma were analyzed. The location of tumor was nodal in 615(53%) and extranodal in 517(44%), patients with the gastrointestinal tract being the most common. The incidence was predominantly in males for all histologic types and in nodal and extranodal sites, except for a predominance of females in extranodal lymphoplasmacytic(Lp-cytic), lymphoplasmacytoid(Lp-cytoid) tumors. Frequency of the Lp-cytic/Lp-cytoid type among all types of lymphoma in females was about 2.7 times more frequent in extranodal than in nodal sites. The most striking example was thyroid lymphoma in which the frequency of Lp-cytic/Lp-cytoid type was 36% in female and 0% in male patients. Including this type of lymphoma, frequency of low grade lymphoma in females was higher in extranodal sites than in nodal sites.
Adolescent↗
Malignant lymphoma of the liver. Report of five cases and review of the literature.
Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease. We report five cases here and summarize clinical and pathologic features of our own and reported cases from Western countries and Japan. The total number of cases was 68. The age of patients ranged from 7 to 87 years (median 55) with a male-to-female ratio of 3.1:1. Chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis before onset of hepatic lymphoma was noted in 44% of Japanese cases and 9.6% of Western cases. Macroscopically, the liver was occupied by solitary mass (60%), multiple masses (35%), or a diffuse lesion without nodule formation (5%). Histologically all cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the diffuse large cell type being most common. Three cases (4.4%) were follicular lymphoma. Immunohistochemically about 80% of the cases were B-cell type. Follow-up study showed that hepatic lymphoma had a relatively favorable prognosis when early detection of the disease was possible.
Female↗
Malignant lymphoma of the breast. Immunologic type and association with lymphocytic mastopathy.
Clinical and pathologic findings in 19 cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the breast collected from several hospitals in Japan were reviewed. All patients were women (median age, 45 years) and they usually had breast masses that had recently become enlarged. The sites of the lesions were the right breast in eight cases, the left breast in eight, and both breasts in one. The locations of two masses were unknown. Lymphoma recurred in the opposite breast in three cases 14, 23, and 23 months after surgery. Histologically, diffuse large cell lymphoma was the most common form of disease (63%). One lesion was a follicular lymphoma. The so-called lymphoepithelial lesion, a characteristic finding for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type lymphomas, was observed in eight cases (42%). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that all but two tumors were of B-cell type; such findings confirmed morphologically based conclusions. Histologic and immunohistochemical evidence of lymphocytic mastopathy, a recently described autoimmune disease of the breast, was found in most of the cases. Formation of lymphoid follicles in or around the tumors was found in five cases (26%). Based on these findings, it is suggested that most mammary lymphomas are B-cell tumors and they may be associated with coexisting or antecedent lymphocytic mastopathy.
Adult↗
Malignant lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.
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Humans↗