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Biomedical subjects

K Aoyagi

Publications and source records attributed to K Aoyagi.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related pattern of body density and body composition in Japanese males and females, 11 and 18 years of age.

The age-related pattern of body density and body composition in Japanese males (n = 266) and females (n = 318), 11.00 to 18.99 years of age was studied. Body density (BD) as well as height, body weight, and seven skinfold thicknesses were measured. Percentage fat (%Fat) was calculated using the age- and sex-specific equation of Lohman. Fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and the body mass index (BMI) were calculated. The trend for BD in males was lowest at 11 years (1.0530 g/ml) and increased to 1.0695 g/ml at 14 years, and then decreased slightly at 15 to 17 years. In female, BD decreased from 1.0530 g/ml at 13 years to 1.0424 g/ml at 17 years. Mean %Fat was highest in males at 11 years (15.8%), and lowest at 14 years (10.1%). The highest mean %Fat in females occurred at 16 years (22.8%), and the lowest at age 11 years (15.2%). Overall, only 6.8% of males and 3.1% of females were classified as obese. Between 11 and 18 years, FFM of males differed by 20.7 kg or 67.9%, whereas females showed a difference of only 10.8 kg or 34.7%. Consequently, age effects explained approximately 60% of the male variance of FFM but only 26% in females. Body density of each sex and age group in this study did not differ significantly from previous Japanese studies, and the pooled BD data for 1,457 Japanese including the present study are reported as a reference.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related pattern of body density and body composition of Japanese men and women 18-59 years of age.

Age-related patterns of body size and composition were studied in a cross-sectional sample of Japanese adults 18-59 years of age. Height, weight, the body mass index (BMI), body density (BD), percentage body fat (%Fat), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and the sum of seven skinfold thicknesses (SF) of 288 men and 552 women were considered. Body density was measured by underwater weighing densitometry. Mean values of height, weight, BMI, BD, %Fat, FM, FFM, and SF of males were 169.0 cm, 65.3 kg, 22.8 kg/m(2), 1.0600 g/ml, 17.0%, 11.4 kg, 53.9 kg, and 95.0 mm, respectively, while corresponding values for females were 157.4 cm, 52.9 kg, 21.4 kg/m(2), 1.0420 g/ml, 24.4%, 13.1 kg, 39.7 kg, and 128.2 mm, respectively. Height, BD, and FFM correlated negatively with age in both sexes, while weight, BMI, %Fat, FM, and SF correlated positively with age. The highest BD and the lowest %Fat were observed in males ages 20 to <25 years (G20) and in females 25 to <30 years (G25). The lowest BD and highest %Fat were observed in G50 in both sexes. Correlations among parameters of body size and composition were stable with age in each sex. Height correlated negatively with BMI and %Fat in females, but not in males. In males, FM started to increase between G20 and G25 and continued to increase until G50, while SF and BMI remained stable during this period. In females, FM accumulation started around 30 years of age and continued until G50 and was accompanied by increases in SF and BMI.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapidly growing esophageal leiomyosarcoma: case report and review of the literature.

We evaluated a 72-year-old woman who was experiencing dysphagia. Esophageal leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed by barium meal study, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), by computed tomography (CT). A barium meal study and esophagoscopy performed 3 months before the diagnosis of esophageal leiomyosarcoma showed no abnormalities. Therefore, the tumor appeared to have grown rapidly during the 3-month period.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary ileal plasmacytoma arising in mixed low- and high-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type.

We report an extremely rare case of primary ileal plasmacytoma accompanied by mixed low- and high-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. The radiographic and macroscopic features of the tumor were characterized by two constricting lesions in the ileum. Histologic examination of the resected specimen showed that one constrictive lesion was plasmacytoma and the other MALT lymphoma was low and high grade. The plasmacytoma seemed to have differentiated from the MALT lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapidly and infiltratively growing Crohn's carcinoma of the small bowel: serial radiologic findings and a review of the literature.

We carried out a retrospective evaluation of serial changes in the small bowel radiographs of a patient with small bowel cancer accompanied by long-standing Crohn's disease. During the 8 months before diagnosis, marked morphological changes were noted. A solitary and irregular protrusion, and rapidly growing stricture under careful medical management of the underlying disease may indicate the development of cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Targeting of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase to mitochondria in transgenic plants.

Most mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and are synthesized as precursors containing a presequence at the N terminus. In yeast and in mammalian cells, the function of the presequence in mitochondrial targeting has been revealed by chimaeric gene studies. Fusion of a mitochondrial presequence to a foreign protein coding sequence enables the protein to be imported into mitochondria in vitro as well as in vivo. Whether plant mitochondrial presequences function in the same way has been unknown. We have previously isolated and characterized a nuclear gene (atp2-1) from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia that encodes the beta-subunit of the mitochondrial ATP synthase. We have constructed a chimaeric gene comprising a putative atp2-1 presequence fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding sequence and introduced it into the tobacco genome. We report here that a segment of 90 amino acids of the N terminus of the beta-subunit precursor is sufficient for the specific targeting of the CAT protein to mitochondria in transgenic plants. Our results demonstrate a high specificity for organelle targeting in plant cells.

Acetyltransferases↗