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Biomedical subjects

K Aoshima

Publications and source records attributed to K Aoshima.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Urinary trehalase activity as an indicator of kidney injury due to environmental cadmium exposure.

One hundred and seventy-eight subjects, patients with Itai-itai disease and their family members, aged 12-87 years living in a cadmium (Cd)-polluted area in the Jinzu River basin (Cd-exposed group) and 176 controls (control group) were examined. In the Cd-exposed group urinary trehalase increased with increasing age, urinary beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) and retinol-binding protein. Although urinary cadmium was higher in the Cd-exposed group, no particular correlation was found between urinary trehalase and urinary cadmium. Seventeen men and 11 women showed raised urinary trehalase activities despite normal values of urinary beta 2-m (less than 300 micrograms/g.creatinine), suggesting that urinary trehalase increases earlier than urinary beta 2-m. In 19 patients with Itai-itai disease included in the Cd-exposed group, urinary trehalase decreased with decreasing reciprocal of serum creatinine, suggesting that urinary trehalase decreases in the most advanced cases of chronic cadmium nephropathy due to reduced tubular cell mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Elevation of urinary trehalase activity in patients of itai-itai disease.

The elevation of urinary trehalase activity in patients of itai-itai disease was examined. Urinary trehalase was correlated with tubular reabsorption of phosphorus (%TRP): the lower the trehalase activity, the worse was %TRP. Furthermore, this activity was inversely correlated with urinary glucose and urinary total protein. In itai-itai disease, the excretion of beta 2-microglobulin seems to be maximal, and urinary trehalase activity was low in the latter stages of the disease. It is inferred that itai-itai disease produces extremely severe tubular damage as well as glomerular dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Severity of tubular brush border damage in cadmium-polluted area (Jinzu river basin): clinical role of urinary trehalase.

Urinary trehalase activity and leucine aminopeptidase activity were parabolically correlated with urinary beta 2-microglobulin, and these enzymes were observed to be biphasic in relation to urinary beta 2-microglobulin when the study populations included patients of Itai-itai disease and inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area. Furthermore, urinary trehalase activity was parabolically correlated with urinary total protein and urinary glucose. From these results, it is inferred that by measuring both urinary trehalase and urinary beta 2-microglobulin, one can elucidate the degree of tubular damage.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Epidemiology of renal tubular dysfunction in the inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area in the Jinzu River basin in Toyama Prefecture.

Urinary beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m), alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m), amino-nitrogen, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, cadmium concentrations, and pH values were analyzed in urine samples from 187 females aged 55-66 years in the Jinzu River basin, which is known to be a cadmium-polluted area, and from 32 controls living in two adjacent reference areas in 1983-1984. Mean urinary beta 2-m, alpha 1-m, amino-nitrogen, glucose, cadmium concentrations and pH values in the inhabitants of the Jinzu River basin were significantly higher than those in the adjacent reference areas. Sixty-four inhabitants in a cadmium-polluted area were found to have renal tubular dysfunction with urinary beta 2-m level exceeding 1 mg/g creatinine and urinary glucose level exceeding 100 mg/g creatinine. The severity of renal tubular dysfunction in several inhabitants were comparable to those of the patients with Itai-itai disease. Mean cadmium concentrations in rice (mean: 0.32-0.57 ppm) which has been daily consumed by the inhabitants of the Jinzu River basin were significantly higher than those in the reference areas (mean: 0.12-0.13 ppm). The close relationship between cadmium exposure and the degree of renal tubular dysfunction was well demonstrated by principal component analysis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Urinary trehalase activity and renal brush-border damage in inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area (Jinzu River basin).

Elevated urinary trehalase activity was observed in the inhabitants of the Jinzu River basin. Urinary trehalase activity was correlated with other urinalysis components, such as beta 2-microglobulin, glucose, amino nitrogen, and cadmium, of which a high level was observed in cadmium-polluted areas as compared with the reference area. Renal trehalase is specifically localized in tubular brush borders [M. Nakano, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 30 (1982) 1243-1248]. From these results it is inferred that tubular brush-border damage occurs in inhabitants of the Jinzu River basin.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effect of cadmium chloride and Cd-metallothionein on the nervous tissue culture.

Influence of metallothionein (MT) isolated from rat liver on rat cerebellum in culture was investigated by comparison with that of CdCl2. Cd-MT at 0.2 X 10(-5) M as Cd significantly depressed the outgrowth of nerve fibers, fibroblasts and glial cells as compared to the control culture. In the range from 0.2 X 10(-5) M to 2.7 X 10(-5) M Cd, the toxicity of Cd-MT was the same as that of CdCl2. Above 5 X 10(-5) M Cd, however, the toxicity of Cd-MT was less than that of CdCl2. Cadmium added as CdCl2 was perfectly recovered at a region of higher Mr than MT on the Sephadex G-75 column. Cadmium added as Cd-MT was detected in part at the higher Mr region and in part at the MT region, depending on incubation time and Cd concentration in the medium. The toxic action of Cd-MT was proportional to the recovery level of Cd at the higher Mr region.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Demonstration of vitamin D-binding protein (Gc-globulin) in the urine of Itai-itai disease patients.

Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP, known as Gc-globulin) was discovered by an immunochemical method in the urine of patients with Itai-itai disease. The urine and sera of Itai-itai disease patients produced specific precipitin lines with anti-human VDBP antisera. The electrophoretic mobility of the protein in the urine is the same as that in the serum. A significant correlation was found between VDBP and beta 2-microglobulin in the urine. Based on this result, it was concluded that Itai-itai disease is associated with disturbances of vitamin D transport and/or metabolism.

Aged↗