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Biomedical subjects

K Allegaert

Publications and source records attributed to K Allegaert.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Pharmacokinetics of single dose intravenous propacetamol in neonates: effect of gestational age.

AIM: To investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single dose propacetamol in preterm and term infants on the first day of life. METHODS: Neonates were stratified by gestational age. Preterm (< 37 weeks) and term (37-41 weeks) infants received a single dose of propacetamol in the first 24 hours of life when they had minor, painful procedures or as additional treatment in infants receiving opioids. Blood samples were taken from an arterial line, and pain was evaluated by a multidimensional pain scale. Results were reported as mean (SD). Student's t and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the groups. RESULTS: Thirty neonates were included, 10 of which were term infants. Serum half life was 277 (143) minutes in the preterm infants and 172 (59) minutes in the term infants (p < 0.05). Clearance was 0.116 (0.08) litre/kg/h in the preterm infants and 0.170 (0.06) litre/kg/h in the term infants (p < 0.05). Gestational age correlated with serum half life (r = -0.46). No effect of sex or administration of prenatal steroids was found on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. In neonates who only received propacetamol (n = 15), the level of analgesia seemed to be associated with the therapeutic (> 5 mg/l) level. CONCLUSIONS: A correlation was found between gestational age and the serum half life of propacetamol. The maturational trend of clearance and half life in preterm and term neonates is in line with data on the pharmacokinetics of propacetamol beyond the newborn period.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed2004

Characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus-related apnoea in three infants.

UNLABELLED: Apnoea is a common sign in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in young infants and can be the first presentation of an acquired RSV infection. We describe polysomnographic recordings of three infants revealing prolonged RSV-related apnoea before RSV infection was diagnosed. The apnoeas were of central origin. The caregivers had not noted any apparent life-threatening events (ALTE) prior to the polysomnography. Cardiorespiratory monitoring after the acute infection did not reveal any further apnoeas. CONCLUSION: Central, prolonged apnoea can be the first sign of an acquired RSV infection in young infants in the absence of other respiratory symptoms and without any previous observation of apnoea by the caregivers.

Apnea↗
PubMed2003

Cryotherapy for threshold retinopathy: perioperative management in a single center.

Perioperative management and complications during and after surgery were reviewed in a population of premature infants who received cryotherapy because of threshold retinopathy by retrospective analysis of medical, anaesthetic, and ophthalmologic files. Infants (n=31) who received cryotherapy between January 1, 1996 and January 1, 2001 and were treated during the neonatal period in the unit were included in the study. Cryotherapy was performed under general anesthesia on the neonatal ward. Neonatal and preoperative characteristics of this cohort point to a vulnerable group of infants with a preoperative weight of 1622 g (1519 to 1862 g), bronchopulmonary dysplasia criteria applying in 29 of 31 patients and methylxanthins prescribed in 26 of 31 patients. No single cryotherapy session had to be interrupted because of systemic complications. Still marked cardiorespiratory instability was documented until 36 hours postoperative in 8 patients. Performing surgical procedures on the neonatal ward is a feasible option. Perioperative management in infants who received cryotherapy is used as an illustration of this approach.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2003

Incidence, perinatal risk factors, visual outcome and management of threshold retinopathy.

The incidence of threshold retinopathy, clinical characteristics and risk factors to develop threshold retinopathy are described in a group of preterm infants admitted between 1996 and 2000 in a single tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. A subset of these infants (n = 31) developed threshold retinopathy (ROP). Incidence of threshold ROP in survivors with a birth weight below 1500 g is 6.4%. Pre-, peri- and postnatal characteristics of these infants are described and compared with matched controls of the same gestational age (GA) and admitted in the same unit in an attempt to focus on relevant risk factors of threshold ROP. We also report on visual outcome data in infants who developed threshold retinopathy. Finally, we describe our experience with perioperative management in this cohort.

Belgium↗
PubMed2002

The use of methohexital during neonatal cardioversion.

We report on the use of methohexital during elective neonatal direct current cardioversion. In contrast with the available data on cardiac management in neonates with supraventricular tachycardia and the guidelines on anaesthetic management during cardioversion in adults, data on anaesthetic management in neonates are still lacking. Methohexital might be an option for procedural sedation and anaesthesia during elective cardioversion in neonates.

Anesthetics, Intravenous↗
PubMed2002

Neonatal transthoracic puncture in a case of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung.

A patient with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM) is presented who showed severe respiratory deterioration in the neonatal period caused by hyperinflation of the cystic component and compression of the contralateral lung. Transthoracic drainage of the cyst was performed to avoid preoperative artificial ventilation. On aspiration, air and liquid was removed from the cyst. After stabilization, surgical intervention was performed within 24 hours. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the child was discharged at day 13.

Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenita↗
PubMed2000

Symptomatic unilateral dolicho-ectasia of the intracranial arteries in a child.

Dolicho-ectasia of the left posterior cerebral artery and internal carotid artery in a 5-year-old boy is reported. There was compression of the brainstem, the mammillary bodies and the optic tract. The value of MR angiography in the diagnosis of this vascular anomaly is demonstrated. Dolicho-ectasia of more than one cerebral artery in a child is extremely rare.

Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinopathy of prematurity: any difference in risk factors between a high and low risk population?

PURPOSE: To document incidence of and risk factors for development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a population of low birthweight infants (< 1500 g). METHODS: The authors registered clinical characteristics (birthweight, gestational age (GA), Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB), Apgar score, respiratory characteristics (intubation, ventilation, respiratory support, supplemental oxygen, oxygenation index), prescription of dopamine, and maximal creatinemia) by retrospective chart review in two consecutive CRIB score-based (< 851 g, 851-1350 g) categories. Chi square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare clinical characteristics in both categories and a stepwise logistic regression was done to document independent risk factors for either stage 3 (< 851 g) or any grade of ROP (851-1350 g). RESULTS: Incidence of ROP was 65/157 (41%; 76% in < 851 g and 22% in 851-1350 g). Incidence of stage 3 ROP was 25/46 (54%) in the < 851 g and 4/84 (5%) in the 851-1350 g group. Among other risk factors, maximal creatinemia was a risk factor in the 851-1350 g cohort (p < 0.03). In a logistic regression model, only GA (OR 0.42) remained significant in the lowest birthweight category; in the 851-1350 g cohort, GA (OR 0.53) and CRIB score (OR 1.7) were independent risk factors for ROP. CONCLUSIONS: In relatively more mature infants (851-1350 g), the risk to develop ROP is based on GA and on neonatal severity of disease (CRIB score); in the tiniest infants, GA is the most important risk factor. Microangiopathy might explain the association of maximal creatinemia and the risk of developing ROP.

Gestational Age↗