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Biomedical subjects

K Aho

Publications and source records attributed to K Aho.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Autoantibodies predicting death due to cardiovascular disease.

A randomly sampled population aged from 25 to 59 years and examined in 1972 was monitored for 5 years. During that period, 126 deaths from cardiovascular causes occurred among subjects with no recent history of major cardiovascular diseases. A control matched for age, sex and the conventional cardiovascular risk factors was assigned to each of the deceased subjects from the same population at risk. Rheumatoid factors or antinuclear antibodies as determined from the baseline specimens were found among 21 of the deceased (20 in the discordant pairs), but only in 7 controls (6 in the discordant pairs). This corresponds to a relative risk of death due to cardiovascular causes of 3.3 (p less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Seroepidemiology of H1N1 influenza: the range of the affected population is widening.

The H1N1 influenza epidemic during the winter of 1980-81 affected a wider range of the population than the epidemics of 1977-78 and 1978-79. The increasing frequency of infection among elderly people can be explained by the antigenic drift in the surface proteins of the virus. Small children and pregnant women were affected to only a small extent by the first and second outbreaks, but they suffered more in 1980-81. This altered epidemiology may be explained by adaptation of the virus to the human host, but the genetic mechanism remains an open question.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Seroepidemiology of H1N1 influenza: the infection and re-infection rate in winter 1978-79.

It was observed that small children and pregnant women were affected to only a small extent by the H1N1 influenza outbreak of winter 1978-79. This supports earlier findings from the epidemic season of 1977-78 and demonstrates that the evolutionary changes in the epidemic virus were not reflected in any appreciable way in this curious phenomenon. The frequency of elderly subjects possessing antibodies against the epidemic H1N1 virus was low, and virtually equal in the pre-epidemic and post-epidemic sampling. This low attack rate contrasts with observations on young military servicemen, in whom the re-infection rate was high, thus indicating that the infection with the winter 1977-78 virus had conferred only modest protection against the closely related virus which caused the winter 1978-79 outbreak.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

ABO associated genetic determinant in H1N1 influenza.

Young people, in the winter of 1977-78 lacked all prior antigenic experience with H1N1 influenza. The attack rate among them was observed to be lowest (42%) in blood group O subjects and highest (59%) in blood group AB subjects. This indicates that there is an ABO associated genetic determinant in resistance against H1N1 influenza. The antibody response to the viral hemagglutinin did not vary substantially according to the ABO status.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

Serum IgE levels in twins.

Serum IgE level was determined in 76 monozygous and 81 dizygous like-sexed twin pairs representing adult twins living in the Helsinki area. Monozygous twin pairs were frequently concordant with respect to elevated IgE levels, although some pairs were strikingly discordant, indicating that there is a wide range of phenotypic expression for each genotype.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Cerebrovascular disease in the community: results of a WHO collaborative study.

In a cooperative study coordinated by WHO, stroke was registered between 1971 and 1974 in 17 centres both in developing and developed countries. A common operating protocol was used to obtain comparable data. Age-adjusted incidence of stroke shows moderate geographical variations, cerebrovascular accidents being common in all the contrasting populations studied in various parts of the world. Data were also obtained on the types of management of stroke patients, their survival rates, and functional prognosis. Control of hypertension, although known to be effective in the prevention of stroke, seemed to be insufficient in most countries. It is concluded that stroke registers may be used as a source of information for the planning and implementation of stroke control programmes in the community.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Autoantibodies and the risk of death.

The prevalence of many autoantibodies increases with age. There is much circumstantial evidence from cross-sectional studies and a limited amount of more straightforward evidence from longitudinal studies suggesting that these autoantibodies act as a risk factor for death. The effector mechanisms as well as the relationship to established risk factors are unknown and little information is available on the genetics of autoimmune seroreactions as distinct from autoimmune diseases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Outcome of stroke in the Espoo--Kauniainen area, Finland.

A prospective study of all stroke cases in the Espoo--Kauniainen area (population 113 000) in South-Finland was carried out during 1972 and 1973 by the WHO stroke register method. 286 stroke patients were registered; 61% of them had a brain infarction, 16% an intracerebral haemorrhage and 15% a subarachnoid haemorrhage. The total incidence was 200/100 000/year after age adjustment of the results to the population of Finland. The incidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage, 23.9/100 000/year was especially high. The mortality within three months was 40%, and that after median follow-up periods of four and six years was 62% and 67% respectively. In the intracerebral haemorrhage group the 3-month mortality was very high (72%), but it did not change during the follow-up period. In the subarachnoid haemorrhage group the 3-month mortality was 43%, which increased slightly, but in the brain infarction group the 3-month mortality of 30% increased steadily up to 66% during the follow-up period. The causes of death after the acute stage were cardiovascular as often as cerebrovascular. After four and six years, 71% of the survivors were fully independent in activities of daily living. After four years 21% had even returned to work. 16% of the survivors were still working after six years.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Haemagglutinating antibodies to cat dander in relation to exposure and respiratory allergy.

Cat epithelial extract was coupled with chromic chloride to red cells and used as an antigen in a haemagglutination assay. Agglutinins coexisted with IgE type antibodies in 44% of patients with respiratory allergy and sensitivity to cat dander but occurred in only 1% of asthmatic patients sensitized to other allergens or in controls. The agglutinins were detected in six out of 104 cat fanciers, and three of those with agglutinins had asthma. The agglutinins were of IgG type and were heterogeneous in specificity.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1979

Seroepidemiology of H1N1 influenza: striking differences in the attack rate among young people.

The H1N1 influenza outbreak in winter 1977-78 covered the whole of Finland in a uniform fashion, whereas striking differences emerged between various population segments in the susceptible age group. The attack rate was 68 per cent among young servicemen who had been in the armed forces during the epidemic and 33 per cent among those who had entered the service after the epidemic, but only 6 per cent among pregnant women of the same age. Based on routine specimens sent to the laboratory for reasons unrelated to influenza, the attack rate was 4 per cent among children born in 1973-76 and increased by age up to 45 per cent among subjects born in 1957-62. The findings on pregnant women and small children suggest a novel mechanism of innate resistance operating specifically against H1N1 influenza.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Chlamydia trachomatis in acute salpingitis.

In a study to evaluate the possible role of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in acute salpingitis, 26% of 106 patients with severe symptoms had positive culture results for C. trachomatis; 43% of the 72 patients from whom paired sera were obtained had either positive culture results for or seroconversion in the single antigen immunofluorescence test to C. trachomatis. Twenty-six per cent of patients harboured N. gohorrhoeae and 14% had gonococcal complement-fixing antibody titres greater than or equal to 8. Intrauterine devices were used by 48% of patients, no difference being found in the frequency of use between patients harbouring C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae. The possible role of C. trachomatis should be considered in the treatment of acute salpingitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Risk of infection among seafarers: a prospective seroepidemiological survey of the crew of a passenger cruiser.

Serial blood specimens for various serological examinations were taken from the crew of a passenger ship which sailed on winter cruises. The study covered 3 successive seasons totalling about 150 years of observation. The figures on the rates of infection were compared with data available from the general population. The study revealed no clear evidence of an increased infection risk among the crew.

Adolescent↗