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Biomedical subjects

K Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to K Adachi.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[A combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, etoposide and cyclophosphamide (VEC) for small cell carcinoma of the lung].

Twenty-nine patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination therapy consisting of vincristine 1 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, etoposide 200 mg/body p.o day 1-5 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 (VEC) in 3 week interval. After 2 courses of VEC, four out of 10 patients with limited disease (LD) showed a complete response (CR), while 7 out of 19 patients with extensive disease (ED) obtained a CR. Six patients with LD and 6 patients with ED received subsequent radiotherapy to primary tumors and to regional lymph nodes, and 5 with LD and 3 with ED attained a CR. Overall complete response was observed in 9 patients (90%) in LD and 10 patients (53%) in ED. The median duration of survival was 17 months in complete responders with LD and that was 12 months in those with ED. Dose limiting toxicity of the VEC regimen was leukopenia which occurred in most patients and thrombocytopenia was less frequent. Non-hematologic toxicities containing alopecia, numbness, nausea and others were acceptable and well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A survey of cutaneous neural lesions for the presence of myelin basic protein. An immunohistochemical study.

The presence of myelin basic protein (MBP) within a skin neoplasm would support its derivation from Schwann's cells, since this substance is routinely present within Schwann's cells in the peripheral nervous system. Using a monoclonal antibody prepared against MBP and an unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase assay, we surveyed a variety of skin lesions suspected of being derived from Schwann's cells to determine whether MBP was present. Myelin basic protein was detected within the cytoplasm of cells composing benign solitary schwannoma (neurilemmoma) and neurofibroma, confirming the association of these lesions with proliferation of Schwann's cells. Myelin basic protein was not found in a variety of intradermal and compound nevus cell nevi nor in malignant melanoma. This negative finding supports electron microscopic evidence suggesting that nevus cells have no relationship to Schwann's cells even though some nevus cell arrangements suggest Schwann's cell derivation under the light microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A randomized trial of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, ftorafur (ACF) and adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, ftorafur, methotrexate (ACFM) in patients with advanced breast cancer.

A prospective randomized trial was conducted comparing the clinical response of 60 patients with advanced breast cancer to a combination of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and oral ftorafur (ACF), or to a combination of ACF plus methotrexate (ACFM). The response rate was 12 of 28 (43%) in ACF and 18 of 30 (60%) in ACFM. Responses were seen more frequently in patients in whom fewer than two organs were involved, and responses at dominant metastatic sites were equal for the two arms. The response duration was 21 + (3.5-49.5+) months with ACF, as against 6.9 (1.9-30.8+) months with ACFM (P less than 0.05). The median survival time from start of therapy was 20.8+ months for ACF, while that for ACFM was 13+ months (statistically not significant). The major toxicities were hair loss, GI toxicity, and leukopenia. The response rate with ACFM was higher than that with ACF, but the addition of methotrexate to ACF did not increase the complete response rate or prolong response duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A randomized trial of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, ftorafur (ACF) and adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, ftorafur, methotrexate (ACFM) in patients with advanced breast cancer].

A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the clinical responses of sixty patients with advanced breast cancer to a combination of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and oral ftorafur (ACF), or to a combination of ACF plus methotrexate (ACFM). The response rate was 12/28 (43%) for ACF compared with 18/30 (60%) for ACFM. Responses were seen more frequently in the cases which had less than 2 organs involved and responses of dominant metastatic sites were equal for the two arms. The duration of response for ACF was 21+ (3.5-49.5+) months as compared to 6.9 (1.9-30.8) months for ACFM (p less than 0.05). The median survival time from the start of chemotherapy for ACF was 20.8+ months, while that for ACFM was 13+ months. The major non-hematological toxicities were hair loss and GI symptoms. Hematological toxicity was similar in the two arms and manageable. No serious cardiac, renal and liver damage was seen in either arm. The response rate for ACFM was higher than that in ACF, but the addition of methotrexate to the ACF regimen did not increase complete response and prolong response duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A phase II clinical trial of oral VP 16-213 in advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

A phase II clinical trial of oral VP 16-213, a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin, was undertaken in twenty nine patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All patients had received extensive prior chemotherapies including adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vinka alkaloids and/or bleomycin and has become refractory to these drugs. The dosage of VP 16-213 was 200 mg/day p.o. bid for 5 days at 3 to 4-week intervals. There were 3 CRs (10.3%) and 6 PRs (20.7%) with a median duration of remission of 16 weeks ranging from 7 to 185+ weeks. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cm3 and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cm3 were seen in 80% and 26.7% of cases, respectively. Alopecia (100%), anorexia (44%) and nausea (26%) were observed but these were well tolerated. We conclude that the oral administration of VP 16-213 has considerable antitumor activity with no cross-resistance to vinka alkaloids, anthracyclines and alkylating agents.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Phase II study of mitoxantrone].

A phase II clinical trial of an anthraquinone, mitoxantrone was performed in a total of 31 patients with various advanced solid tumors and 2 patients with malignant lymphomas refractory to extensive prior chemotherapies. Mitoxantrone was administered at dosages of 2 to 4 mg/m2 with a 5-day schedule or 6 to 12 mg/m2 with a one day schedule, repeating at 4-week intervals. Of 18 evaluable patients with breast cancer, one out of 2 patients who had not been exposed to regimens containing adriamycin achieved partial response lasting 3.6 months, while the remaining 16 patients exposed to adriamycin did not respond. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cm3 and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cm3 were observed in 100% and 55% of cases, respectively. Nausea and vomiting were observed in 36% of cases. Diarrhea, pyrexia, liver damage, mucositis and palpitation were observed in one case each. No ECG abnormality was recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with ventricular septal hypertrophy localized to the apical region of the left ventricle (apical ASH)].

Clinical and morphologic features are described in a subgroup of 22 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, who showed ventricular septal hypertrophy localized to the apical region (apical asymmetric septal hypertrophy: apical ASH). All patients had ventricular septal thickness of 17 mm or less with an average of 13 +/- 3 mm in the M-mode echocardiograms. In contrast, the two-dimensional echocardiograms demonstrated septal hypertrophy localized to the apical region, with an average septal thickness of 20 +/- 3 mm at the mitral valve and papillary muscle levels. On the left ventriculogram, 82% of patients with apical ASH showed inward concavity of the right-inferior wall of the left ventricle, indicating hypertrophy of the ventricular septum. However, no patient showed spade-like appearance of the left ventricle and only two showed giant T wave inversion exceeding 10 mm. Echocardiographic examination performed in eight affected relatives revealed typical asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) in four relatives, one of them showing a resting pressure gradient of 30 mmHg in the left ventricle. The remaining four relatives showed similar apical ASH. When compared with patients of typical ASH, patients with apical ASH demonstrated significantly greater cardiac size, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left atrial and left ventricular diameters and significantly lower percent fractional shortening. Atrial fibrillation, B bump of the mitral echogram and heart failure were more frequent in this subgroup of patients. Thus, apical ASH appeared to be a part of the morphologic spectrum of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with ASH and to be a separate disease entity from apical hypertrophy previously described in Japan. Severely impaired diastolic performances associated with mild to moderately depressed systolic function of the left ventricle were the characteristic clinical features of the subgroup of patients with apical ASH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[A phase I trial of 4'-epiadriamycin].

A phase I study of a new anthracycline, 4'-epiadriamycin was conducted in a total of 28 patients with various advanced cancers refractory to standard chemotherapies and 26 were evaluable. A dose limiting factor was leukopenia reaching a nadir approximately 2 weeks later and about one week needed for the recovery. Thrombocytopenia was milder and less frequent than leukopenia but dose-related. Nausea and alopecia were observed in the majority of patients but vomiting was relatively rare and therefore non-hematologic toxicities were judged to be milder than adriamycin. A recommended dose for patients having prior extensive chemotherapies was determined to be 60 mg/m2 in 3 weeks intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Phase II study of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin(THP-ADM)].

A phase II clinical trial of a new anthracycline, 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP-ADM), was performed in thirty-one patients with advanced malignant tumors refractory to standard chemotherapies. The dosage of THP-ADM was 40 mg/m2 by iv bolus injection repeated every 3 weeks. Of 3 evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one achieved partial remission. A minor response was noted in one out of 7 patients with gastric cancer and one out of 5 patients with ovarian cancer. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cmm and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cmm were seen in 81% and 19% of cases, respectively. Mild gastrointestinal toxicities including nausea and vomiting and anorexia were observed in about one third of the patients. Mild hair loss occurred in 2 patients (6%). No ECG abnormalities on clinical sign of cardiotoxicity were seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A combination chemotherapy with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and DTIC (ACD) for advanced adult soft part sarcoma].

Eighteen patients with advanced adult soft part sarcoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy (ACD) consisting of adriamycin 40 mg/m2 iv day 1, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 iv day 1, and DTIC 200 mg/m2 iv days 1 to 5. The regimen was repeated in 3-weeks intervals. Of 16 patients with measurable metastatic diseases, there were one complete response, 4 partial responses, 7 no changes and 4 progressive diseases. The response rate (CR + PR) was 31% (5/16). A median duration of responses was 7 weeks ranging 6 to 106 + weeks. A median survival time from initiation of the chemotherapy was 42 weeks in responders, and 36 weeks in non-responders, respectively. Patients with no prior chemotherapy had a 71% (5/7) response rate while none responded in 9 patients who had prior chemotherapy; furthermore, metastatic lesions in soft tissue were well responded. Leukopenia less than 4,000/cmm occurred in 16/18 (89%) and the median nadir was 2,500/cmm (800-3900). Thrombocytopenia less than 10 X 10(4)/cmm occurred in 2/18 (11%) and the median nadir was 13.4 X 10(4)/cmm (7.5-20.1 X 10(4). Alopecia and gastrointestinal toxicity were moderate to severe but clinically manageable. The result indicated that ACD combination is a useful regimen in remission induction for advanced adult soft part sarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Hypercalcemia in breast cancer].

In a total of 277 patients with advanced breast cancer treated between July 1977 and November 1983 at Cancer Institute Hospital, there were 26 cases (9.4%) showing hypercalcemia (Ca greater than or equal to 11.0 mg/dl). All these patients had bone metastasis examined by either X-ray films or bone scintigram during clinical course of the disease and confirmed at the time of autopsy, thus an overall incidence of hypercalcemia in 149 patients with bone metastasis was 17.4%. Major clinical signs due to hypercalcemia were gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, nausea and vomiting, renal dysfunction and neurological symptoms but there was no definitive correlation in between clinical signs and values of serum calcium. Among various treatments performed, a combination of hydration, steroids and calcitonin was the most effective. Mean survival time from the diagnosis of hypercalcemia was 288 + days for responders, and 28.8 days for non-responders (p less than 0.001). Seven patients expired due to hypercalcemia and were died suddenly, while others died of renal failures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of chloride ion on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin York (alpha 2 beta 2(146)Pro) and S-York hybrid hemoglobin (alpha 2 beta S beta York). Role of the beta 82 lysyl and beta 146 histydyl residues in chloride binding to hemoglobin.

We estimated the relative role of various chloride binding sites in determining the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin using abnormal hemoglobins such as Hb York (Hb Y) (alpha 2 beta 2(146)Pro), Hb Malmö (Hb M) (alpha 2 beta 2(97)Gln), and Hb S and chemically modified hemoglobins such as cross-linked Hb S, Hb Y, and asymmetrical SY hemoglobin with bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate. The chloride effect on the p50 values of Hb S and Hb M was identical to that of Hb A. In contrast, the effect of chloride on the p50 values of Hb Y was only 20% of that of Hb A. Cross-linking between the two beta 82 lysyl residues with fumarate decreased the chloride effect by 40%. The effect of chloride on cross-linked Hb Y, in which both beta 82 lysyl and beta 146 histidyl residues were modified, was unchanged from that on Hb Y (20% of Hb A). The effect of chloride on the p50 value of SY asymmetrical hybrid hemoglobin was 40% of that of Hb A or Hb S, which is midway between the values obtained for cross-linked Hb S and Hb Y. From these results, the contribution of beta 146 His and beta 82 Lys on oxygen affinity by binding of chloride was calculated to be 40% each; the remaining 20% chloride effect was attributed to alpha 1 Val.

Chlorides↗