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Biomedical subjects

K Abe

Publications and source records attributed to K Abe.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[A patient presented with atypical paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis and Becker muscular dystrophy].

A 22-year-old man had choreatic movements in upper limbs, neck and trunk for over twelve years which were associated with dystonia in lower limbs upon initiating voluntary movements. The choreatic movement lasted for a few seconds and the dystonia lasted for a few minutes. He also had high serum CK levels and hypertrophic calf muscles. His muscle strength and deep tendon reflexes were normal. His choreatic movements fulfill the criteria for paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis (PKC). However, it was unclear what the symptom of dystonia was due to. From a muscle biopsy and DNA analysis, he was diagnosed as having Becker muscular dystrophy. Administration of anticonvulsant improved the dystonia as well as the choreatic movement, which showed that the dystonia was a symptom of PKC. Coincidence of choreatic movements and dystonias which had different lasting time in a patient of PKC was atypical and had not previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Simultaneous detection of hepatitis B, C, and G viral genomes by multiplex PCR method.

We established a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for simultaneous detection of hepatitis B, C, and G viral genomes. The levels of concordance with the data obtained by conventional single PCR method were 100% for single infection, 98 to 100% for double infections, and 92% for triple infections. This method is not only suited to rapid, large-scale epidemiological screening and clinical diagnosis of those virus infections occurring alone or in combination, but is also time- and cost-effective.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2000

[Anesthetic management of heart transplantation].

We anesthetized a 47-yr-old man with end-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for heart transplantation. This is the first case of heart transplantation from a patient with brain death, since the organ transplantation law had become valid in Japan. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with fentanyl and diazepam. Aseptic technique was used in inserting and securing all catheters. The patient was assisted by left ventricular assist system, and hemodynamic suppression at anesthetic induction was trivial. Since complete AV block was present at the termination of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), VVI pacing and infusion of isoproterenol were started. In addition, nitroglycerin was given for pulmonary vasodilation. The cardiovascular support used for weaning from CPB included dobutamine, isoprote-renol, dopamine and milrinone. Following weaning from CPB sinus rhythm appeared spontaneously and function of the transplanted heart was satisfactory. When the patient was transported to ICU reduction in doses of catecholamines was possible, and dopamine and milrinone were infused. The patient was extubated 10 hours after admission to ICU.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed2000

Expression of gonadotropin and activin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in human ovarian epithelial neoplasms.

Activin receptors (ActRs) and gonadotropin receptor mRNA expression were investigated in 18 human ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Northern blot analysis showed the presence of 3.0-kb type Ia ActR, 6.0- and 3.0-kb type IIa ActR, and 5.0-kb type IIb ActR mRNA transcripts in total RNA prepared from the cancer tissues. One carcinoma showed two major transcripts of a follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSH-R) gene, 4.1 and 2.4 kb, whereas the other two carcinomas showed two major transcripts of the luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LH-R) gene, 5.4 and 2.4 kb. These results were further analyzed by studying the corresponding PCR-amplified FSH and LH-R cDNA obtained by reverse transcription of total RNA. Expression of FSH-R mRNA was confirmed in about half of the cancer tissues. The size of the FSH-R reverse transcription-PCR product was the same as in normal ovarian follicles. Similarly, expression of LH-R mRNA was also detected in about half of the cancers. Normal ovaries and cancer tissues were homogenized, and activin concentrations were measured in extracts. Activin levels in normal ovarian tissue were around 0.59 +/- 0.01 ng/mg protein (mean +/- SE; n = 5), and activin production was detected in every cancer tissue, except one--serous adenocarcinoma. The findings in this study demonstrated that activin and ActRs are present in and synthesized by human ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Thus, activin seems to be available as an autocrine/paracrine factor in epithelial neoplasms and may contribute to the expression of FSH-R, although the roles of activin and gonadotropin in tumorigenesis has yet to be defined.

Activin Receptors↗
PubMed2000

[Adult Wilms' tumor: a case report].

We present a case report of adult Wilms' tumor and reviewed from 1981. A 22-year-old woman with chief complaints of gross hematuria and right backache was introduced to our hospital in March 1998. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a solitary irregular mass (5.0 cm) at the lower pole of right kidney with no contrast medium enhancement. Angiography showed a hypovascular character, but irregular vascularization was found in the tumor. We performed a radical nephrectomy with a preoperative diagnosis of malignant renal tumor. Finally, adult Wilms' tumor (epithelial type) was diagnosed by pathological examination. We retrospectively studied the clinical and radiological features in 16 reported cases of adult Wilms' tumor from 1981. The average age was distinctly younger than that of renal cell carcinoma. Nearly half of the cases were at an advanced clinical stage (direct invasion or metastasis to other organs) at first consultation. Radiologically, Wilms' tumor tends to be visualized as a low density mass in the precontrast CT scan (75.0%) and hypovascular tumor by selective angiography (84.6%). Although this is not a definitive character to distinguish adult Wilms' tumor from renal cell carcinoma, it may be useful information for differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Magnetization transfer measurements of the hippocampus in patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and other types of dementia.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although atrophy of structures in the medial temporal lobe has been considered an indication of Alzheimer's disease (AD), atrophic changes on MR images have also been associated with other dementing diseases and are not specific to AD. This study was undertaken to determine whether characteristic alterations in the hippocampus of patients with AD are detectable with magnetization transfer (MT) imaging. METHODS: Coronal MT imaging was performed in 35 patients with probable AD, in 14 patients with vascular dementia, in 13 patients with other types of dementia, and in 23 control subjects to measure MT ratios of the hippocampus. Medial temporal lobe atrophy was graded subjectively on a five-point scale. RESULTS: Scores of medial temporal lobe atrophy in all dementia groups were significantly higher than those in control subjects, but no differences were found among the dementia groups. MT ratios in the hippocampus were significantly lower in patients with AD than in those with non-AD dementia and in the control subjects; however, no differences were found between the non-AD dementia patients and the control subjects. MT ratio measurements were better than visual analysis of atrophy for differentiating AD patients from those with non-AD dementia (an overall discrimination rate of 77% versus 65%). MT ratios significantly correlated with scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination and with medial temporal lobe atrophy in AD patients but not in patients with non-AD dementia. CONCLUSION: MT measurements may be more specific than visual analysis in detecting structural damage of the hippocampus in AD patients and might be useful in discriminating AD from vascular dementia and other types of dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Chromophobe cell renal carcinoma: a case report].

We report a case of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma. A 45-year-old woman with a chief complaint of macrohematuria and left backache was introduced to our hospital in October 1998. Abdominal computed tomographic scan (CT) revealed a solitary, solid mass (16 x 14 x 12 cm) at the upper pole of the left kidney. Angiography showed a hypervascular character but irregular neovasculizations were found. We performed a radical nephrectomy with a preoperative diagnosis of malignant renal tumor. The cut surface appearance of the tumor was homogeneous, grey-beige and solid. Light microscopic findings revealed voluminous cells with light, but not clear cytoplasm displaying a fine reticular pattern. Histochemical staining with Hale's colloidal iron stain demonstrated a distinctly positive cytoplasmic reaction. Since the ultrastructural study revealed numerous intracytoplasmic microvesicles, we finally reached the diagnosis of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma. We report our case here with reference to the relevant literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Comparison of detection pattern of HCC by ferumoxide-enhanced MRI and intratumoral blood flow pattern].

We compared the detection rate and pattern of ferumoxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Fe-MRI) with the intratumoral blood flow pattern determined by CT angiography (CTA) and CT portography (CTAP) in 124 nodes (34 cases) diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or borderline HCC, based on the clinical course. Sequences to obtain a T1-weighted images (T1W), proton density-weighted images (PDW), T2-weighted images (T2W), T2*-weighted images (T2*W) were used in Fe-MRI. In nodes shown to be hypervascular on CTA, the detection rate by Fe-MRI was 69.7%. In nodes shown to be avascular by CTAP, the detection rate by Fe-MRI was 67.3%. These rates were higher than with other flow patterns. In nodes showing high signal intensity (HSI) on any sequences, arterial blood flow was increased and portal blood flow decreased in comparison with nodes without high signal intensity. All nodes showing HSI, both on Fe-MRI T2W and T2*W, were hypervascular on CTA, and portal blood flow was absent on CTAP. Nodes showing HSI on both T2*W and T2W were considered to have greater arterial blood flow and decreased portal blood flow compared with nodes appearing as HSI on T2*W, but only as iso- or low signal intensity on T2W (Mann-Whitney U-test; p < 0.05).

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Phenotype-genotype correlation in CD36 deficiency types I and II.

CD36 deficiency was studied with attention to the phenotype-genotype relationship. The diagnosis of CD36 deficiency was made when CD36 was negative on platelets (type II) or on both platelets and monocytes (type I). Among 827 apparently healthy Japanese volunteers, the type I and II deficiencies were found in 8 (1.0%) and 48 (5.8%), respectively. The T for C substitution at nt478 for Pro90Ser and the insertion of A at nt 1159 constituted the major causes of type I and II deficiencies. The dinucleotide deletion at nt539 had a minor role. In two family studies, we found a previously unreported polymorphic site in the 5'-proximal flanking region and the 3'-untranslated region. Including these new polymorphisms, DNA sequence other than the three known mutations affecting CD36 expression was not observed in the CD36 gene, calling into question the previous hypothesis that a platelet-specific silent allele exists near or at the CD36 gene.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

[Respiratory function after coronary artery bypass grafting through mini-sternotomy as a factor of early recovery].

OBJECTIVES: Early recovery in patients after minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting with mini-sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass (MICS-CABG) was compared to standard CABG by assessing preoperative and postoperative (7 to 10 days after) respiratory function. METHODS: Fifteen patients (Group M; mean age 62.1 years) underwent MICS-CABG with a mean of 2.3 distal anastomoses per patient. Ten patients (Group F; mean age 63.8 years) underwent standard CABG through full sternotomy with a mean of 2.4 distal anastomoses per patient. RESULTS: Postoperative coronary angiography showed that the patency rate of the grafts was 97% in Group M and 96% in Group F. Intubation time and hospital stay were significantly shorter (p < 0.01) in Group M (6.2 +/- 2.4 hours, 16.3 +/- 3.1 days) than in Group F (10.8 +/- 2.9 hours, 22.8 +/- 2.5 days). Respiratory function measured as the percentage of postoperative to preoperative values (Group M/Group F; mean +/- standard error) were vital capacity of 95.8 +/- 3.1%/74.6 +/- 3.4% (p < 0.05), 1 sec percentage of forced expiratory volume of 98.8 +/- 2.3%/71.8 +/- 2.8% (p < 0.05) and peak expiratory flow rate of 91.7 +/- 4.2%/89.4 +/- 4.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Quick recovery of the respiratory function after MICS-CABG may be important in the early recovery and short hospital stay of MICS-CABG patients compared with standard CABG patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Primary pineal embryonal carcinoma occurring in a middle aged man].

A case of a primary pineal embryonal carcinoma occurring in a middle aged man is reported. A 42-year-old man suffering from headache and nausea was referred to our department. A neurological examination revealed that he had Parinaud's sign. Head CT and MRI showed a tumor in the pineal region. He was operated on using the occipital trans-tentorial approach. The tumor was partially removed and an intra-operative specimen was used to diagnose a kind of germ cell line tumor. However, the tumor was diagnosed afterwards as a pure embryonal carcinoma. Three courses of PE chemotherapy followed by 30 Gy of whole craniospinal irradiation and 30 Gy of extended local irradiation were completed. An MRI showed the tumor to be in complete remission. Despite careful follow-up with chemotherapy every three months, a re-operation and linac radio-surgery, the tumor recurred, and disseminated. The patient died due to an intra-tumoral hemorrhage. A pure primary pineal embryonal carcinoma occurring in a middle-aged person has never been reported previously in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Transitional cell carcinoma of urachus: a case report].

We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of urachus in a 72-year-old man. At follow up cystoscopy for past history of bladder cancer, we found a papillary tumor in the right orifice that came out to the bladder cavity intermittently. Although there was no cancerous lesion on the surface of the bladder mucosa, a submucosal eminence at the dome of bladder was observed. Sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an extravesical tumor (2 cm) at the position of urachus. Under the diagnosis of right ureteral cancer and urachal cancer, we performed right distal ureterectomy, ureteral reimplantation and total resection of urachus. Pathological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in the urachus and right ureter. The urachal cavity was isolated completely from the bladder cavity. Tumor infiltrated to the muscularis of the bladder dome from the urachal cavity, but there was no cancerous lesion on the surface of the bladder mucosa. Therefore, our diagnosis was urachal transitional cell carcinoma and right ureteral carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Measurement of the square measure of the pharynx and the positional diagnosis of airway obstruction during obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by dynamic MRI].

The purpose of this study was to apply dynamic MRI for the positional diagnosis of airway obstruction during snoring and sleep apnea and to compare the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the square measure of the pharynx obtained before and after laser-assisted uvula-palate-pharyngoplasty (LAUP). From December 1997 to October 1998, dynamic MRI and overnight monitoring were performed at the hospital of Tokyo Medical University on 42 patients who complained of snoring and symptoms related to sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). Of the 42 patients, four exhibited collapse at the position of the soft palate (soft palate type) as diagnosed by dynamic MRI, and four exhibited collapse at the position of the soft palate as well as the tongue (complex type). LAUP was performed on these eight patients with obstructive SAS (OSAS). After LAUP, the AHI of these eight patients with OSAS decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The square measure of the pharynx of these eight patients was increased (p < 0.01). The AHI of all four patients with soft-palate obstruction decreased, and the square measure of the pharynx of three of these four patients increased. The AHI of three of four patients with the complex type decreased, while the square measure of the pharynx of two of these four patients increased.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A case of effective endotoxin adsorption therapy for septic shock due to acute pyelonephritis].

Although septic shock has a high mortality rate of 43%, recently the endotoxin adsorption column was established and its efficacy is interesting. We report a very effective case of endotoxin adsorption the rapy for septic shock due to acute pyelonephritis. A 59-year-old man with chief complaints of pyrexia and right backache was referred to our hospital with a small right ureteral stone (4 mm) associated with a low degree of right hydronephrosis. Since it was diagnosed as right acute pyelonephritis, antibiotics were administered; and then septic shock occurred on the day of hospitalization. Endotoxin adsorption therapy was performed for two days and hemodynamic stability was achieved. The concentration of blood endotoxin was reduced remarkably and the efficacy of endotoxin adsorption therapy was suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[A case of primary renal carcinoid tumor].

The patient was a 44-year-old woman in whom a mass of the right kidney was found when she underwent abdominal ultrasonography in a physical checkup. The computed tomography of abdomen and the magnetic resonance imaging of abdomen revealed a 3 x 3 cm solid mass at the right kidney. Excretory urograms showed a deformity of the right collecting system due to a mass lesion. The specimen of the resected tumor showed a cellular arrangement specific to carcinoid tumor and positive reaction of Grimelius stain. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of dense-core granules in the tumor cells. Gastrointestinal investigation after the operation revealed no particular findings suggesting a carcinoid syndrome. No evidence of metastasis or recurrence was noted for 5 months after the operation. This was a very rare case of primary renal carcinoid tumor, representing the 12th case in the literature in Japan.

Adult↗