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Biomedical subjects

K A Zufarov

Publications and source records attributed to K A Zufarov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Quantitative and ultrastructural characteristics of immunocompetent cells in the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation].

The quantity and ultrastructure of immunocompetent cells (ICC) were evaluated in the of rat mammary gland in dynamics of pregnancy and lactation. ICC found between the alveolar epithelial cells were represented by monocytes, small and medium lymphocytes, including some granule-containing lymphocytes. The quantity of ICC was found to increase in dynamics of pregnancy and to reach a its maximum on day 3 of lactation. This was accompanied by the appearance of macrophages and plasma cells. Similar changes were found in stromal ICC. It is suggested that quantitative and structural dynamics of mammary ICC is associated with provision of immune reactivity of the newborn and its adaptive immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Age dynamics of cell populations and mast cell density in human bronchial mucosa].

Using the quantitative analysis of mast cell number and granularity, some regularities of their age-associated dynamics were established. In suckling babies and in early childhood the mast cells are small and contain a moderate amount of secretory granules with no signs of degranulation. Henceforth they become larger and are functioning asynchronously. Mast cell number increases up to the age of 16 years. After 36 years mast cell prevalence and their secretory granule content are reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Functional morphology of parathyroid cells in disorders of calcium metabolism].

Cell composition of the parathyroid gland was studied under normal conditions, after the hypo- or hyperloading with calcium gluconate and at hyperfunction. Three types of parathyrocytes were established that probably reflect different stages of their life cycle: the first--poorly differentiated cell, the second--mature differentiated cell and the third--degenerated cell. The majority of cells were represented by the parathyrocytes of the 2nd type the varieties of which reflect a non-active (A-subtype) and active (B-subtype) phases of secretion. The number of A-cells is increased under the condition of the hyposecretion and the relative number of B-cells under the condition of experimental hypersecretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrastructural bases of intravascular thrombosis in the liver in mechanical jaundice].

Electron microscopic studies of a rat liver blood circulatory bed at the experimentally induced 20-day cholestasis demonstrated that the biliary cirrhosis was accompanied by the development of intravascular thrombosis in the liver in a number of cases. Appearance of "pure" thrombocytic thrombi in the lumen of interlobular veins having continuous intact vascular walls was the morphologic feature of the thrombosis. These thrombi are characterized by absence of fibrin fibres. Presence of the intravascular thrombi indicated the higher aggregative ability of thrombocytes which in complex with haemostasis disorders, was one of the causes of hypertension and hemorrhage at the liver pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The role of the ultrastructure of the intercalated cells of the kidney collecting tubules in rats in secreting hydrogen ions].

Upon experimental metabolic acidosis in rats, induced by a long-term per os administration of a 10% ammonium chloride solution, elevation of titred acidity and ammonium level in rat's urea was registered, in addition to an increased number of intercalated cells in collecting tubules of kidney medullar zone, where the highest carboanhydrase activity occurred. The structural and functional unit of the intercalated cell is a smooth vesicle having presumable H+-,K+-translocating exchange pump within its membrane. The vesicles accumulating gradually H-ions move to the apical cell membrane to release their content by exocytosis into the tubule space. Under H+-ion hypersecretion, upon experimental acidosis, the vesicle membrane is built into the apical plasma membrane, where H+,K+-exchange occurs, thus intensity of this process increasing. The apical plasma membrane of the cell extends its surface at the expense of intracellular canaliculi that are formed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1987

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the regulatory systems of the large intestine in salmonellosis].

Morphofunctional alterations occurring in the colon wall indicate complex interactions of the morphological structures participating in the regulation of the intestinal function in salmonellosis. In the early period (24 hours) of maximum decrease in the mediator activity in the nerve structures the number of enterochromaffin cells and the granulation index increased, while in the period of maximum tension of nerve elements (7 days) a decrease in the enterochromaffin cells and granulation index was noted. At later periods (21 days) a relative morphofunctional stabilization of the mucous components and the intramural ganglia has been revealed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Morphogenesis of hepatocellular necrosis in patients with cholelithiasis complicated by gangrenous cholecystitis].

Morphogenesis of hepatocellular necrosis was studied on liver biopsy samples from patients with cholelithiasis complicated with gangrenous cholecystitis. In patients operated on 5-7 days after the onset on the disease there were foci of hepatic parenchyma necrosis infiltrated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNL) with relevant introduction into the hepatocytes. In patients operated on in 10-15 days disintegration of cellular structures, removal of necrotic masses and reparation proceed with participation of PNL in line with tissue macrophages and stellate reticuloendotheliocytes, poorly differentiated and mature fibroblast-like cells. Finally, bundles of collagen fibres are forming and introduced at the sites of hepatocellular necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Functional morphology of interstitial cells of the renal medulla after treatment with indomethacin and unilateral nephrectomy].

The ultrastructure of the renal medullary interstitial cells was compared with the quantitative estimation of the interstitial space and its proteoglycan content after stimulation (left nephrectomy) and inhibition (indomethacin administration) of the prostaglandin synthesis. Lysosomes were found to play a functional role in the lipid granule depletion and arachidonic acid release. The ratio of lysosomes to lipid granules within the interstitial cells may serve as a criterion of their functional activity in the process of prostaglandin synthesis. Functional state of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the interstitial cells was indicative of the cells involvement in the production of the mediate intercellular substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Ultrastructural characteristics of endocrine and glandular gastric cells].

Electron microscopy of human gastric mucosa has demonstrated that the endocrine cells are closely and specifically related to the adjacent glandular cells and the basal membrane. Cytoplasmic strands of the adjacent cells surround the endocrine cells and their projections, probably, regulating their secretion. The above outlined relations are considered a structural basis for complex regulatory endocrine and paracrine functions of the gastric endocrine cells.

APUD Cells↗
PubMed1986

[Ultrastructural changes in cells of the white pulp of the spleen during experimental salmonella infection].

The electron microscopic investigation of the immuno-competent cells in various zones of the spleen has revealed certain subcellular bases of the organ's reaction to the experimental salmonellosis. Alterations at early stage of the experiment (3-24 h after infection with Salmonella) are predominantly of destructive character: pyknosis of nuclei, dilated cisterns of the karyotheca, lysis of crests in mitochondria of some cells. On the 3d-14th day hyperplasia and hypertrophy of organelles in the immune-competent cells are revealed; it is connected with increasing processes of immunogenesis. At late stages of the investigation, normalization of the spleen cells ultrastructure and increased functional fibroblastic activity are noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Sclerotic changes in the liver in experimental cholestasis and their reversibility following restoration of bile outflow].

A model of long-term cholestasis with the following recovery of intestinal bile outflow was developed on rats. In two experimental series choledochoduodenostomy was applied after 10- and 20-day cholestasis. It was established that in 10-day cholestasis perilobular hepatic fibrosis developed and bile outflow recovery in this period caused complete normalization of the liver structure a month later. 20-day cholestasis produced absolute parenchymal and stromal disorganization and the onset of biliary liver cirrhosis. Bile outflow recovery in such animals normalized only parenchymal, but not stromal structure; sclerotic processes were seldom reversed. Thus, the above cholestasis model precipitates the onset of liver cirrhosis and the technique of intestinal bile outflow recovery makes it possible to study the reversibility of pathologic hepatic changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Cytoarchitectonics of the hematoparenchymal barrier of the normal liver and in disordered bile outflow].

When 56 patients suffering from obstructive jaundice and 30 white rats with a model of mechanical jaundice have been investigated, several types of cells, undergoing certain changes at the pathological state, have been revealed in the hepatic capillary walls. After 10 days of the disturbed bile outflow, in the endothelial cells micropinocytosis increases, and satellite reticuloendotheliocytes (Kupffer cells), evidently, already at early stages of jaundice actively participate in rendering harmless bile components. Formation and renovation of the hepatic reticular carcass are connected with function of fat-containing cells. Development of intralobular fibrosis of the liver after 20 days of jaundice in patients and after 10 days of jaundice in the experiment depends on a sharp activation of fibroblast-like cells. Two successively arranged links of the cells are revealed: endotheliocytes and satellite reticuloendotheliocytes, directly participating in formation of the sinusoid wall and in transcapillary metabolism, and perisinusoid cells, situating in the perisinusoid space (Disse). They contain fat-cells, fibroblast-like cells and niche-cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of the long-term use of obzidan in experimental myocardial infarct].

The authors performed a comprehensive study of the recovery processes in the myocardium after occlusion of the coronary artery in 126 white rats under the effect of a long-term treatment with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg). The drug reduced the size of necrosis by 2.6 times, significantly decreased the S-T segment rise on the ECG (up to 0.86 +/- 0.09 mV versus 1.85 +/- 0.15 mV, in untreated animals with myocardial infarction, P less than 0.001). The treated animals manifested the improvement of the morphologic status of the perinecrotic area and the myocardium of the posterior wall of the left ventricle. Cardiomyocytes preserved to a considerable degree the ultrastructure of the mitochondria, demonstrating an increase in DK and protein biosynthesis (up to 296.1%, P less than 0.001). At the same time the long-term treatment with propranolol led to an appreciable activation of intracellular reparative regeneration, acceleration of the renewal of organelles, thereby promoting a decrease in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes (by 22.1%, P less than 0.001) as compared with control. It is concluded that propranolol administered in a dose of 0.05 mg/kg favours rapid recovery of the functional structures of the myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Morphogenesis of intralobular liver fibrosis in obstructive jaundice patients].

The results of ultrastructural study of the intralobular liver fibrosis in 38 patients with obstructive jaundice of various duration are presented. It is established that the appearance of fibroblast-like sinusoid cells plays a leading role in the development of intralobular liver fibrosis. The morphologic characteristics of poorly differentiated and differentiated cells of this type and their involvement in collagen fiber synthesis within liver lobules are given. It is shown that in obstructive jaundice a significant disturbance of the sinusoidal wall takes place due to the formation of collagen fibers, basal membrane that results in the worsening of the exchange between the blood and hepatocytes.

Cholelithiasis↗