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Biomedical subjects

K A Pavlov

Publications and source records attributed to K A Pavlov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Endoscopic diagnosis of colonic neoplasms].

The work analyzes results of complex examination of 88 patients with cancer of the large intestine. Correct diagnosis was made in 80 patients by fibrocolonoscopy combined with biopsy. The endoscopic method was found to have certain advantages over X-ray analysis for diagnosis of cancer of the large intestine especially in cases with small tumors. Complex employment of these methods was most efficient and allowed to make a true character of the disease in all the examined patients.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Comprehensive prophylactic examinations of women for the detection of early forms of breast cancer].

Under examination were 2699 females over 30 years of age having no complaints of the mammary gland induration. The following diagnostic tests were used: 1) clinical; 2) thermography of mammary glands; 3) mammography in two projections. Breast cancer was revealed in 12 females (in 4.4 per 1,000 persons under examination). The clinical method solely revealed mammary gland cancer in 0.14%, thermography--in 0.28%, mammography-in 0.57%. A two-step examination, when persons suspected of breast pathology being preliminary identified, enabled the recognition of breast cancer in 2.97% (29.7 per 1,000 examined subjects). 41.6 per cent of the detected tumors proved to be lobar carcinoma in situ, 33 per cent--microfoci of scirrhous and solid cancer. The conclusion is drawn on somewhat limited opportunities of thermography as a screening method due to very frequent pseudopositive diagnoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Fibergastroscopy in the diagnosis of cancer of the stomach stump].

The work is based on studying the examination and therapy data of 108 patients with gastric stump cancer. In patients subjected to proximal gastric resection (8 observations) tumor was recognized in all cases both by fibergastroscopy and radiography. Of 100 patients with cancer of the gastric stump following distal resection the true character of the pathology was revealed fibergastroscopically in 97% of cases, while radiographically--only in 86%. Directed gastrobiopsy and cytological test of the material obtained by fibergastroscopy supported the diagnosis of gastric stump cancer in 67.05% and 76.60% of cases accordingly. Squamous cell-infiltrative cancer of the gastric stump, located in the region of the postperative scar, proved to be mostly difficult to diagnose both by fibergastroscopy and radiography. No distinct correlation was noted between the efficiency of fibergastroscopy for diagnosing gastric stump cancer and the size of tumor, while tumors of no more than. 1.0--1.5 cm in diameter were found to be mostly difficult to diagnosis radiographically. Among 108 gastric stump cancer patients 25 patients were radically operated upon.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical x-ray and fibergastroscopic comparisons in the diagnosis of different forms of stomach cancer growth].

A radiological examination associated with fibergastroscopy was performed in 145 gastric cancer patients. All these patients were radically operated upon--extremely subtotal resection of the stomach was accomplished. The preoperative diagnosis of gastric cancer with both technics used simultaneously proved to be correct in 96.55%. However, the anatomical and ulcerous-infiltrative growth, especially in their cardiac and subcardiac localization are found to present the greatest diagnostic difficulties. The data obtained made it possible to believe that the detailed diagnosis of gastric cancer should comprise two steps--a radiological examination and fibergastroscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Fiber gastroscopy in the diagnosis of polyps of the gastric stump].

The work is based upon the study of findings obtained in the examination and treatment of 27 cases of stomach stump polyposis. The fibrogastroscopy revealed polyps in all 27 patients. The target gastrobiopsy was carried out upon all the case of adenomatous polyps of the stomach stump, which permitted to find out the true character of the disease in 26 of them. Hence, the fibrogastroscopy done together with the target gastrobiopsy proves to be the most effective method of the diagnosis of polyps of the stomach stump.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Endoscopic diagnosis of tumors of the esophagus].

The analysis of the data reported indicates that fibroesophagoscopy is a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, which may be used both under stationary and outpatient conditions. The latter is of special importance for prophylactic examinations of high-risk group individuals. The possibility to establish histological and cytologic diagnosis by means of this method of investigation is essential for tactical aspects of the treatment in such patients. The use of roentgenological and endoscopic methods of study allows a more precise judgement to be formed as to the character of esophageal involvement.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1976

[Radioisotope gastroscintigraphy in diagnosis of tumor and pretumor diseases of the stomach].

The results of isotope gastroscintigraphy, performed in 160 patients with tumor and pretumor diseases of the stomach, are reported. Based on a clinico-morphological estimation of gastroscintigraphic findings, it was found that in 115 (72%) patients the data of scanning coincided with the ultimate diagnosis. In 25 (16%) patients pseudopositive and in 20 (12%)--pseudonegative scannograms were obtained. The greatest number of pseudonegative results was noted in patients with gastric cancer (in 19 of 20), in 10 of them tumor being located in the cardiac portion of the stomach. The precision of diagnosing tumors in other anatomical portion of the stomach was 90%. In patients with pretumor lesions the character of scannographic alterations was dependent on the rate of impairment of gastric mucosa function and structure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Assessment of the findings of fibrogastroscopy with gastrobiopsy and determination of hexokinase activity in the serum and gastric juice of stomach ulcer patients].

To compare the results of fibrogastroscopic study and to determine the activity of hexokinase (HK) in gastric juice 113 persons were examined 89 of them having ulcerous disease. The control group comprised 24 healthy individuals. The data obtained indicated that in the control group the activity of HK was not found in any portion of the gastric juice. In patients with ulcerous disease the presence of the enzyme was noted in 36 of 89 subjects. In two of them malignant transformation of the ulcer was observed. Patients with gastric ulcer, who show HK activity in any gastric juice portion, seem to be assessed as gastric cancer high-risk group.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Results of 7,000 fibergastroscopies].

The authors report 7000 gastroscopic investigations for various gastric lesions. In ulcerous disease with localization of ulcer in the stomach fibrogastroscopy permitted establishing the precise diagnosis in 91.18% of cases, whereas roentgenological studies - in 78.75%. Gastric polyps are also recognized rather more frequently (98.26%) while using gastroscopy than a roentgenological study. An application of fibrogastroscopy in the complex diagnosis of gastric lesions seems to be mandatory since it provides for the correct diagnosis in 100% of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in ambulatory practice (based on data from a random examination)].

The ambulatory-polyclinic network is the first step of the patient's address and investigation for basic forms of malignant tumors. As a result of the analysis of 2361 ambulatory case reports, it was found that in 70.7% of cases the correct diagnosis was established not by medical specialists of the outpatient clinics but in oncological institution where these patients were directed for a consultation.

Adult↗