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Biomedical subjects

K A Collins

Publications and source records attributed to K A Collins.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Intrathecal cholecystokinin octapeptide attenuates the antinociception and release of immunoreactive Met-enkephalin induced by intraventricular beta-endorphin in the rat.

The effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8s) given intrathecally (i.t.) on antinociception and the release of immunoreactive Met-enkephalin in the spinal perfusate induced by intraventricular (i.vt.) injection of beta-endorphin were studied in anesthetized rats. beta-Endorphin (5 micrograms) given i.vt. inhibited the tail-flick response. The inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by beta-endorphin was blocked dose-dependently by CCK8s (0.1-7 micrograms) given i.t. The antagonistic effect of CCK8s on beta-endorphin-induced inhibition was blocked dose dependently by co-intrathecal injection of proglumide (3 and 10 micrograms), a CCK8s receptor antagonist. beta-Endorphin (5 micrograms) given i.vt. elicited a release of immunoreactive Met-enkephalin in the spinal perfusate. Repeated injections of the same dose of beta-endorphin released about the same amount of the immunoreactive Met-enkephalin in the spinal perfusate. CCK8s at concentrations from 1 x 10(-9) to 1 x 10(-6) M added into the spinal perfusate decreased the release of Met-enkephalin induced by beta-endorphin given i.vt. in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that CCK8s may attenuate beta-endorphin-induced inhibition of the tail-flick response by inhibiting the release of Met-enkephalin from the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cholecystokinin administered intrathecally selectively antagonizes intracerebroventricular beta-endorphin-induced tail-flick inhibition in the mouse.

The effects of sulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8s) given intrathecally (i.t.) or intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) on inhibition of the tail-flick and paw-licking hot-plate responses induced by beta-endorphin, morphine, D-Ala2-N-Me-Phe4-Gly-ol-Enkephalin (DAMGO) and D-Pen2-D-Pen5-Enkephalin (DPDPE), given i.t. or i.c.v., were studied in male ICR mice. CCK8s (1 ng) given i.t. effectively antagonized inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by i.c.v. administered beta-endorphin (2 micrograms) and DPDPE (10 micrograms) but not morphine (4 micrograms) or DAMGO (0.02 microgram). However, CCK8s given i.t. did not affect inhibition of the hot-plate response induced by any of the opioid agonists. CCK8s (0.2-40 ng) in combination with beta-endorphin (2 micrograms) or morphine (4 micrograms) given i.c.v. did not affect beta-endorphin- or morphine-induced inhibition of the tail-flick and hot-plate responses. CCK8s and its fragments given i.t. attenuated i.c.v. beta-endorphin-induced tail-flick inhibition with different potencies and efficacies. CCK8s was the most potent compound in antagonizing i.c.v. beta-endorphin-induced tail-flick inhibition. The rank order of potencies was CCK8s greater than CCK(27-33) much greater than caerulein. All three compounds were efficacious, whereas CCK(30-33) was not, in antagonizing beta-endorphin-induced tail-flick inhibition. Intrathecal administration of CCK8s (1 ng) significantly attenuated the tail-flick inhibition induced by i.t. beta-endorphin (0.5-1 microgram) and DPDPE (5 micrograms) but not morphine (0.5-1 microgram), DAMGO (5 ng), norepinephrine (5 ng) or serotonin (16 micrograms).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analgesia↗
PubMed1991

Involvement of epsilon and kappa opioid receptors in inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by bremazocine in the mouse.

Bremazocine, a benzomorphan, has been reported to have kappa, mu and epsilon opioid receptor binding activities. The present studies were then designed to determine what types of opioid receptors and neurotransmitters were involved in inhibiting the tail-flick response induced by bremazocine in male ICR mice. U50, 488H, a prototypic kappa agonist, was used for comparison. Bremazocine, at doses from 0.1 to 1 microgram given i.c.v., dose-dependently inhibited the tail-flick response. The paw-licking hot plate response, even at high doses of bremazocine, was not completely inhibited. The inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by bremazocine (1 microgram) given i.c.v. was blocked by i.c.v. coadministration of beta-endorphin-(1-27) (3 and 6 micrograms), an epsilon opioid receptor antagonist and norbinaltorphimine (4 micrograms), a kappa opioid receptor antagonist. On the other hand, the inhibition induced by i.c.v. U50,488H (40 micrograms) was blocked by i.c.v. norbinaltorphimine, but not beta-endorphin-(1-27). D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Try-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2 (CTOP; 0.5 microgram) and beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA; 2.5 micrograms), selective mu opioid receptor antagonists, and ICI 174,864 (10 micrograms), a delta-opioid receptor antagonist, which blocked the effects induced by DAMGO (16 ng) and DPDPE (20 micrograms), respectively, did not block inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by bremazocine (1 microgram) given i.c.v. The inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by i.t. administration of bremazocine (1 microgram) was blocked by i.t. coadministration of norbinaltorphimine but not CTOP, ICI 174,864, or beta-endorphin-(1-27).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analgesics↗
PubMed1991

Different mechanisms mediating tail-flick inhibition induced by beta-endorphin, DAMGO and morphine from ROb and GiA in anesthetized rats.

The effects of beta-endorphin, D-Ala2-NMePhe4-Gly-ol-enkephalin (DAMGO) and morphine microinjected into raphe obscurus nucleus (ROb) and gigantocellular reticular nucleus alpha (GiA) in inhibiting the tail-flick response were studied in pentobarbital anesthetized rats. beta-Endorphin (0.1-3 micrograms) microinjected into ROb inhibited the tail-flick response dose-dependently and produced 100% inhibition at high doses (greater than 3 micrograms). DAMGO [0.004-0.015 micrograms] injected into ROb, also dose-dependently, inhibited the tail-flick response but reached a plateau of 60 to 80% inhibition at high doses (greater than 0.015 micrograms). Morphine (10-60 micrograms) injected into ROb produced only a small inhibition (less than 20% inhibition) even at high doses (greater than 60 micrograms). The rank order of potency of these opioids on the tail-flick inhibition was DAMGO greater than beta-endorphin greater than morphine. Morphine (1-10 micrograms) and DAMGO (0.004-0.03 micrograms) microinjected into GiA produced dose-dependent inhibitions of the tail-flick response and high doses of these two mu agonists fully inhibited the tail-flick response. However, beta-endorphin (0.1-10 micrograms) injected into GiA produced a small but dose-dependent inhibition of the tail-flick response (less than 60% inhibition). The rank order of potency of these opioids on the tail-flick inhibition was DAMGO greater than beta-endorphin greater than morphine. The inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by beta-endorphin (2 micrograms) microinjected into ROb was blocked by the coadministration of beta-endorphin-[1-27] (6 micrograms), but not naloxone (1 microgram).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

The CRISP system: an untapped resource for biomedical research project information.

CRISP (Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a large database maintained and operated by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It contains comprehensive scientific and selected administrative data on research carried out by the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) or supported by PHS grants and contracts. Developed originally to meet the needs of NIH, it is an excellent, largely untapped resource for health information professionals at large, revealing new trends, methods, and techniques, often before they appear in the published literature. CRISP uses its own controlled vocabulary, developed to permit indexing of new and active research areas. Queries can combine subject headings with a great variety of administrative data elements (e.g., research category or principal investigator's name). Output is available in a variety of formats and media. While information professionals cannot directly access the CRISP system, abridged CRISP records are merged into the FEDRIP (Federal Research in Progress) database, and FEDRIP is publicly accessible through DIALOG. CRISP records in toxicology are also furnished to the National Library of Medicine's TOXLINE database. This paper discusses the indexing, information retrieval, publication products, and search services of the CRISP system, and how users of medical information can benefit from it.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1976

Hereditary elliptical stomatocytosis: a case report.

The case described demonstrates the development of elliptical stomatocytosis in a neonate and the appearance of elliptical stomatocytes in her mother whose blood film, before delivery, showed elliptocytosis. Further investigations on both individuals indicated a mild haemolytic anaemia. To our knowledge this is the second reported case of elliptical stomatocytosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of hepatic lymphomas: cytomorphology and ancillary studies.

OBJECTIVE: The utility of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for the diagnosis of epithelial hepatic neoplasms is now widely recognized. The liver may also play host to malignant nonepithelial stromal and lymphoreticular neoplasms, both metastatic and rarely primary. The cytomorphology of these hepatic tumors in aspiration smears is much less well known. In the current study, we examined FNAB material from hepatic lymphomas, including ancillary studies. STUDY DESIGN: We collected 16 cases of lymphoma involving the liver and diagnosed by FNAB. The patients included seven women and nine men, with ages ranging from 34 to 84 years. Nine patients did not have a diagnosis of lymphoma prior to FNAB. In all cases, aspiration smears were stained by both Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou stain. RESULTS: Dispersed, monomorphic lymphoid cells were usually numerous, whereas benign hepatocytes were scanty. In addition to the lymphoid appearances of individual cells, helpful clues included the presence of lymphoglandular bodies and the absence of true intercellular cohesion. There were 6 large cell, 3 immunoblastic, 2 small cell, 1 small cell cleaved, 2 mixed cell and 2 unclassified lymphomas in our FNAB series. Immunocytochemical studies were performed on 9 aspirated specimens, flow cytometry on 4 and gene rearrangement on 1. All these ancillary studies supported the cytomorphologic diagnosis of lymphoma, with approximately 90% classified as of B-cell lineage. All seven subsequent histologic examinations were confirmatory. CONCLUSION: Other entities that must be considered in the FNAB differential diagnosis of hepatic lesions are nonlymphoreticular small cell neoplasms, inflammatory processes and sinusoidal hematopoietic cells. FNAB with ancillary studies can successfully establish the diagnosis of involvement of the liver by lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of the Putti-Platt procedure in the treatment of recurrent anterior dislocation. With special reference to the young athlete.

This study presents the results of 107 shoulder reconstructions by one surgeon, of which 59 were Putti-Platt procedures, and 48 were combined Putti-Platt/Bankhart procedures. The patients were predominately young males engaged in contact sports, particularly the Rugby football codes. There were nine redislocations noted in clinical records for the 107 Putti-Platt or combined Putti-Platt procedures, but 8 noted on the 71 replies to a questionnaire. There was only one redislocation in the absence of significant trauma. The average loss of external rotation was 20 degrees in the 41 patients that were able to present for reexamination. Sixty-two of the 71 patients who answered questionnaires were able to play any sport without functional impairment. The Putti-Platt procedure provides excellent shoulder stability for active sportsmen without significant loss of performance.

Athletic Injuries↗