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Biomedical subjects

John Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to John Bennett.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

A randomized trial demonstrating successful boosting responses following simultaneous aerosols of measles and rubella (MR) vaccines in school age children.

The reactogenicity and immunogenicity of combined measles and rubella (MR) booster vaccination, via aerosol and subcutaneous routes, was assessed in 562 healthy children. Rates of rubella seroconversion and geometric mean titers (GMT) were similar for both routes. Rates of measles PN seroconversion, GMT and measles ELISA post-vaccination seropositivity and seroconversion rate were each higher for aerosol vaccine (54%, 3928 IU/l, 99.6 and 98.8%), than for subcutaneous vaccine (7%, 866 IU/l, 92.2 and 82.4%) (P<0.01). Reactogenicity was higher for subcutaneous vaccine (P<0.05). This study demonstrates that aerosol vaccine was more immunogenic for measles antibodies, and equally immunogenic for rubella antibodies. Aerosol vaccine was less reactogenic.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2002

Proteomic analysis of rice leaves during drought stress and recovery.

Three-week old plants of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv CT9993 and cv IR62266) developed gradual water stress over 23 days of transpiration without watering, during which period the mid-day leaf water potential declined to approximately -2.4 MPa, compared with approximately -1.0 MPa in well-watered controls. More than 1000 protein spots that were detected in leaf extracts by proteomic analysis showed reproducible abundance within replications. Of these proteins, 42 spots showed a significant change in abundance under stress, with 27 of them exhibiting a different response pattern in the two cultivars. However, only one protein (chloroplast Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase) changed significantly in opposite directions in the two cultivars in response to drought. The most common difference was for proteins to be up-regulated by drought in CT9993 and unaffected in IR62266; or down-regulated by drought in IR62266 and unaffected in CT9993. By 10 days after rewatering, all proteins had returned completely or largely to the abundance of the well-watered control. Mass spectrometry helped to identify 16 of the drought-responsive proteins, including an actin depolymerizing factor, which was one of three proteins detectable under stress in both cultivars but undetectable in well-watered plants or in plants 10 days after rewatering. The most abundant protein up-regulated by drought in CT9993 and IR62266 was identified only after cloning of the corresponding cDNA. It was found to be an S-like RNase homologue but it lacked the two active site histidines required for RNase activity. Four novel drought-responsive mechanisms were revealed by this work: up-regulation of S-like RNase homologue, actin depolymerizing factor and rubisco activase, and down-regulation of isoflavone reductase-like protein.

Actin Depolymerizing Factors↗
PubMed2002

Deeply invasive candidiasis.

The incidence of invasive candidiasis is on the rise because of increasing numbers of immunocompromised hosts and more invasive medical technology. Recovery of Candida spp from several body sites in a critically ill or immunocompromised patient should raise the question of disseminated disease. Although identification to the species level and antifungal susceptibility testing should guide therapy, at this time amphotericin B preparations are the usual initial therapy for severe life-threatening disease. Azole therapy has an expanding body of evidence that proves it is as effective as and safer than amphotericin B therapy. Some forms of candidiasis (e.g., those with ocular, bone, or heart involvement) require a combined medical and surgical approach.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗
PubMed2002

Characterization of a HKT-type transporter in rice as a general alkali cation transporter.

We report the characterization of rice OsHKT1 (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) homologous to the wheat K+/Na+-symporter HKT1. Expression of OsHKT1 in the yeast strain CY162 defective in K+-uptake restored growth at mM and micro M concentrations of K+ and mediated hypersensitivity to Na+. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, rice OsHKT1 showed uptake characteristics of a Na+-transporter but mediated transport of other alkali cations as well. OsHKT1 expression was analysed in salt-tolerant rice Pokkali and salt-sensitive IR29 in response to external cation concentrations. OsHKT1 is expressed in roots and leaves. Exposure to Na+, Rb+, Li+, and Cs+ reduced OsHKT1 transcript amounts in both varieties and, in some cases, incompletely spliced transcripts were observed. By in situ hybridizations the expression of OsHKT1 was localized to the root epidermis and the vascular tissue inside the endodermis. In leaves, OsHKT1 showed strongest signals in cells surrounding the vasculature. The repression of OsHKT1 in the two rice varieties during salt stress was different in various cell types with main differences in the root vascular tissue. The data suggest control over HKT expression as a factor that may distinguish salt stress-sensitive and stress-tolerant lines. Differences in transcript expression in space and time in different lines of the same species appear to be a component of ion homeostasis correlated with salt sensitivity and tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between physicians and the biomedical industries: advice from the Royal College of Physicians.

The relationship between a physician and a biomedical firm is often important, and can be useful to both parties. However, there is a danger that the substantial resources available to a biomedical firm might sometimes be used to interfere with a physician's independent professional judgment. For the reputation and good conduct of the profession and the industry, and for the welfare of patients, it is essential that this does not happen. Total absence of communication would prejudice the undoubted good which collaboration can achieve. This paper sets out what the Royal College of Physicians currently believes are appropriate boundaries: to the acceptance of gifts; to sponsorships and subsidies for meetings; to the conduct of meetings with industry representatives; and other matters. We believe that clearly stated guidance will benefit the biomedical industry and physicians alike.

Biomedical Research↗