Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Jirí Benes

Publications and source records attributed to Jirí Benes.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Role of linezolid in the treatment of resistant gram-positive infections.

Incidence of Gram-positive infections caused by bacteria resistant to commonly used antibiotics has increased in the last decades. Resistant strains appeared later in the Czech Republic, however their number has been increasing and new antibiotics have to be used. The greatest increase of frequency can be seen in infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are usually found in hematooncology patients. Curative use of vancomycin is limited due to a narrow spectrum of activity, nephrotoxicity, and limited penetration into tissues (lung) and cerebrospinal fluid. Linezolid is a good option mainly in infections of skin and soft tissues, and it has an evincible advantage over vancomycin in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and surgical-site infections. Oral formulations are favourable allowing switch therapy and earlier discharge from hospital.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Practical experience with patients infected or colonized with a methicillin - resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).].

PURPOSE: To present the range of diseases produced by a methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To assess the efficacy of procedures likely to cure MRSA infections and possibly to eradicate colonization. METHODS: Clinical trial studying the course of MRSA infections or colonization of in-patients, treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Teaching Hospital Na Bulovce, Prague, between 1 January 2004 and 31 August 2005. The trial also took into account the results of these patients follow-up as out-patients. RESULTS: Included in the trial were 59 patients-22 presenting MRSA infections and 37 MRSA colonization. In 14 patients we found simultaneous colonization in several anatomical sites, while in 15 patients we saw, in addition to the MRSA infection, colonization at another site. Among the infections most frequent were infections of soft tissues (11), while colonization occured chiefly in the nasal mucosa (14) and in skin defects (8). In the treatment of mild infections we had good results with co-trimoxazole, in the treatment of colonizations mupirocine in the form of ointment (Bactroban ung.). During a six-month follow-up of 25 MRSA-positive patients at our Out-patient Dpt. we saw the disappearance of the MRSA strain in 7 subjects (28 %). CONCLUSION: In a significant proportion of MRSA-positive patients the MRSA strain disappears either after treatment or spontaneously. The development of MRSA colonization may be studied in out-patient follow-up.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Review and categorization of quinolone antibiotics].

No standard categorization of quinolone antibiotics into generations may be found in either Czech or world literature. The author recommends a categorization into four groups defined according to their spectrum of action and utilization: 1) preparations for the treatment of urinary tract infections; 2) systemically acting quinolones chiefly efficacious against Gram-negative bacteria; 3) so-called respiratory quinolones; and 4) quinolones with a very broad spectrum of action suitable for the treatment of very complicated infections. The author describes the chief characteristics of the most important quinolone antibiotics, including preparations either in their development stage or whose development has been prematurely interrupted because of adverse side-effects. The list includes all preparations that are or were temporarily registered in the Czech Republic.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2005

[An unusual course of invasive infection due to nontoxinogenic strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.].

The authors report a case of complicated sepsis caused by nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype gravis in a young immunocompetent female with no predisposing factors. She acquired the infection from her boyfriend, an asymptomatic carrier of nontoxigenic strain. The primary site of infection and subsequent sepsis was not identified. The occurence and importance of carriage and invasive infections caused by nontoxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae are discused.

Corynebacterium diphtheriae↗
PubMed2004

[Telithromycin].

For the time being telithromycin is the only representative of a new group of antibiotics - ketolides - available for clinical use. Its chemical structure is derived from erythromycin, but it is better resorbed from the digestive tract and is efficacious against most macrolide-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Telithromycin is registered for the treatment of respiratory infections: sinusitis, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia and streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. The drug is well tolerated. It is less likely to induce MLS(B) resistance than macrolides with a 14- or 15-member ring.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2004

[Spondylodiscitis caused by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus, in vitro sensitive to penicillin].

The case history of a man referred to our department with the diagnosis of purulent meningitis; actually, he presented spondylodiscitis of the lumbar spine with the infection spreading into the spinal canal and the left psoas muscle. The disease was caused by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus, which in vitro was sensitive to penicillin. However, treatment with crystalline penicillin in combination with ciprofloxacin failed. The paper suggests a differential diagnosis permitting to distinguish a typical purulent meningitis and an abscess in the spinal canal. The authors also discuss the suitability of administering penicillin in staphylococcal sepsis caused by a sensitive strain. The authors do not recommend crystalline penicillin in the management of severe staphylococcal infections even in cases, where the isolated S. aureus strain is really sensitive to penicillin.

Discitis↗