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Biomedical subjects

Jie Jin

Publications and source records attributed to Jie Jin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis value of ultrasound in epididymal mass].

OBJECTIVE: To elevate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis levels of epididymal mass by sonography. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 179 cases of epididymal mass treated by surgery in our hospital between 1990 and 2005. The analysis was focused on pathological and sonographic features. RESULTS: 179 patients with mean age of 51.4 +/- 14.7 were enrolled. The epididymal mass was classified into four groups: epididymal cyst (n = 98), nonspecific epididymitis (n = 27), tuberculous epididymitis (n = 33) , and epididymal tumor (n = 21). Epididymal cyst could be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, the diagnostic rate was 93.8%, but nonspecific epididymitis and tuberculous epididymitis were hard to differentiate, complicating with multiple organs lesions may distinguish tuberculous from nonspecific epididymitis. Tuberculous epididymitis could be easily diagnosed when cold abscess, calcification and sinus tract emerged. The majority epididymal tumors were benign, and malignant cases were rarely seen. Patient's history, physical examination and sonographic features were all essential to make a right diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound features may be helpful to the differential diagnosis of epididymal mass and ultrasound should be the first choice of image detection in epididymal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Experimental study of the anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide or thalidomide alone and combination of both for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome model].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-tumor effect and the possible mechanism of arsenic trioxide (ATO) alone or in combination with thalidomide (THAL) for treatment of SCID mice model transplanted with human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell line MUTZ-1 cells. METHODS: (1) The animal model was established in SCID mice; 75 SCID mice and 10 BALB/CA-nude mice were studied in this experiment. MUTZ-1 cells were cultured in vitro and made for mono-cell suspension (with 1 x 10(8)/ml cell density and in exponential growth behavior) and were subcutaneously implanted into 4-6-week-old first-generation SCID mice and BALB/CA-nude mice. The biological characteristics of the subcutaneous tumor cells were evaluated by the methods of cell morphology, histopathology, immunology by flow cytometer, chromosome analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Subsequently, the tumor cells from first-generation mice model were respectively subcutaneously implanted into 61 second-generation SCID mice and 8 BALB/CA-nude mice and the rate of the tumor formation and the latent period of the tumor formation were observed. (2) In vivo, 56 MDS-SCID mice were randomly grouped; 40 of them were used as ATO treated groups [5.0 microg or 7.5 microg/(g.d) intraperitoneal injection (i p) 5 d a week, x 3 weeks] alone or in combination with THAL 8 microg/(g.d), x 3 week or THAL alone and 16 mice as the control groups [with 0.9% NaCl 10 microl/(g.d) i p or untreated]. The mean tumor diameters (MTD) of subcutaneous tumors were measured with slide gauge and the therapeutic effects and the survival period and the rates of survival were evaluated by the methods of histopathology, IHC, microvessel density count (MVD), DNA ladder, TUNEL and PI with flow cytometry. RESULTS: (1) The rate of the subcutaneous tumor formation was higher (98.4%, 60/61) in SCID mice than in BALB/CA-nude mice (62.5%, 5/8) (P = 0.0027). The latent period of the tumor formation was significantly longer (23 - 28 d, median 26 d) in BALB/CA-nude mice than that in SCID mice (10 - 17 d, median 12 d) (Z = 4.605, P < 0.001). The biological characteristics of the tumor cells in the MDS-SCID mice model were evaluated and considered as of anthropo-source and were consistent with that of MUTZ-1 cells, which showed that the MDS-SCID mice model was successfully established. (2) In vivo, the marked inhibitory effect on the subcutaneous tumors growth (F = 146.94, P = 0.000) and the higher rates of cells apoptosis were seen in the groups treated with ATO 5.0 microg or 7.5 microg alone or in combination with THAL than in control groups (F = 30.10, P = 0.000). The longer-survival periods (F = 25.11, P < 0.01) with lower toxicity were only observed in lower-dose group of ATO 5.0 microg than in other treated groups and control groups. THAL alone group had a mild inhibitory effect on the tumors growth (> 2 weeks) with a longer-survival period and higher-rate of survival than controls, but had no events of cell apoptosis. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein and CD34 protein and MVD were markedly down-regulated by THAL compared with control groups (P < 0.01), suggesting that the possible mechanisms of the inhibitory effect on tumor growth by THAL related to inhibition of vascular endothelial growth. The legs paralysis in 2 MDS-SCID mice was observed after treatment with THAL alone (11 d and 15 d, respectively), which were considered as the side-effect of THAL associated with deep venous thrombotic (DVT) events and the mechanism for these events is unclear. The therapeutic effects were unsatisfied in the group treated with ATO 7.5 microg in combination with THAL due to more intense toxicity and the shorter-survival periods than other treated groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: (1) The Hum-MDS-SCID mice model was successfully established, which served as an animal model for studying pathogenesis of MDS and therapeutic agents selection. (2) ATO had marked inhibitory effect on the subcutaneous tumors growth in MDS-SCID mice model in vivo. The longer-survival periods and higher-rates of survival with lower toxicity were observed in lower-dose ATO (5.0 microg) alone than other groups. The mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect of ATO were considered to be related to inducing cells apoptosis, but in the case of THAL, related to inhibition of vascular endothelial growth. (3) The results do not support the preconceived hypothesis of a synergistic effect of ATO (7.5 microg) in combination with THAL for treatment of MDS mice model due to the more intense toxicity and the shorter-survival periods in the treated group. Whether or not this will translate into clinically relevant effect of the ATO or THAL in MDS patients deserves further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[A clinical study of congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura].

OBJECTIVE: To study on the first Chinese congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patient with respect to peripheral blood platelet count and ADAMTS13 activity, ADAMTS13 antigen, anti-endothelial cell antibody (ACEA), and thrombospondin1 (TSP1) etc. to compared it with idiopathic TTP and to explore something special and meaningful in the pathogenesis of congenital TTP. METHODS: A total of 30 volunteers served as controls. The congenital TTP patient and 10 carriers in her pedigree as well as 7 idiopathic TTP patients were included in this study. Residue collagen binding assay and a newly developed sandwich ELISA were used for determination of ADAMTS13 activity and antigen respectively. An ELISA for ACEA and a commercial kit for TSP1 were use in the study. RESULTS: After a "3-4 weeks regular relapse" of the congenital TTP, which is similar to that in other reports, the Chinese patient moved into a new relapse cycle. The average of the antigen levels of this patient before plasma exchange (PE) and at the interval between relapses was (22.79 +/- 14.61) U/L (P < 0.01), while that of Chinese normal control (NC) turned out to be (600.93 +/- 145.36) U/L. TSP1 detected at the same time (4.67 +/- 1.62) mg/L in the congenital TTP patient was much lower than that in NC (18.34 +/- 7.24) mg/L (P < 0.01). A value in ACEA assay was 0.58 +/- 0.06 (P < 0.01) for congenital TTP, which was a little higher than that in NC (0.40 +/- 0.13). CONCLUSIONS: Congenital TTP may have changeable relapse cycles during episodes. ADAMTS13 antigen and TSP1 and ACEA in congenital TTP showed significant difference as compared with those in NC. ADAMTS13 and ACEA in congenital TTP were also markedly lower than those in idiopathic TTP.

ADAM Proteins↗
PubMed2006

[Combined non-biological artificial liver in treatment of late stage chronic severe hepatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of combined non-biological artificial liver in the treatment of late stage chronic severe hepatitis and especially to observe their effects on hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome and disturbance of electrolytes. METHODS: 103 chronic severe hepatitis patients were treated with the same medical measures, including plasma exchange. Among them, 63 patients were also treated with combinations of non-biological artificial liver (treatment group), and the other 40 patients served as controls (control group). The efficacy of the treatments and survival rates of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: In the treatment group, the rate of regaining normal consciousness was 72.7%, the rate of electrolyte disorder being rectified was 89.5%, the rate of restoring renal function was 66.7% and the total survival rate was 47.6%. In comparison, in the control group the rate of regaining normal consciousness was 16.7%, the rate of electrolyte disorder being rectified was 42.3%, none of their renal functions were restored and the total survival rate was 22.5%. The differences between the two groups were significant (chi2=6.56, P less than 0.05). CONCLUSION: With other medical treatment, combined non-biological artificial liver can improve the survival rate of severe hepatitis patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[The features of four types of operation for treating chronic hypertrophy rhinitis and ultrastructure observation of the inferior turbinate mucosa].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the features of four types of operation for treating chronic hypertrophy rhinitis and to observe the ultrastructure of inferior turbinate mucosa. METHOD: Eighty-eight cases of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis (HR) were treated by transnasal endoscopic submucous inferior turbinate resection (group A), thirty cases of HR were treated by partial inferior turbinectomy (group B), thirty six cases of HR were treated by bipolar radiofrequency ablation on inferior turbinate (group C), ten cases of HR were treated by injection of sclerosing agent (group D). The efficacy in the three groups (A,B,C) and the features of four types operation were compared and the ultrastructure of inferior turbinate was observed both preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULT: Four groups of HR were followed up 4 months to half year after operation, effective rate was 97.4 (group A) 100% (group B) and 93.4% (group C) respectively, while group A, group B and group C effective rate had no significant difference among them. Group A and group C have more advantages compared to the other 2 groups for they remained good ultrastructure of inferior turbinate mucosal cilia after 4 to 6 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The use of transnasal endoscopic submucous inferior turbinate resection and bipolar radiofrequency ablation for treatment of chronic hypertrophy rhinitis are effective modality for the treatment of chronic hypertrophy rhinitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of Kunyining capsule on reproductive endocrine-immune functions in ovariectomized rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic mechanism of Kunyining (KYN) on the climacteric syndrome and provide the pharmacodynamic basis. METHOD: Ovariectomized rats were used as model to observe the effect of KYN on weight and the index of the organ of OVX rats. The concentration of E2, FSH, LH, PRL, BGP and IL-2 in serum were measured by competitive radio-immunological methods. RESULT: KYN could obviously increase the index of uterus and adrenal gland in OVX rats, and enhance the contents of E2, IL-2 and BGP. The level of FSH, LH, PRL in serum were decreased. CONCLUSION: KYN can regulate beneficially the unbalanced reproductive endocrine-immune network, which is the pharmacological basis of KYN treating climacteric syndrome.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed2006

[Aildenafil citrate: a new potent and highly selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of aildenafil citrate, an oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. METHODS: Integrated analyses were made of 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trials involving 250 men with mild-to-severe erectile dysfunction of various etiologies who received aildenafil citrate 30 or 60 mg (n = 167) or placebo (n = 83). RESULTS: The statistic results of International Index of Erectile Function, Patient Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diaries and Global Assessment Question (GAQ) were significantly higher in the aildenafil citrate patients than in the placebo controls. The main drug-related adverse events were flushing, headache, dizziness and naupathia, which were mild and could be self-relieved. CONCLUSION: The aildenafil citrate therapy significantly ameliorated erectile function and was well tolerated by a wide range of patients with erectile dysfunction.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

[Mechanisms of arsenic trioxide induced tumor cell apoptosis in myelodysplastic syndrome mice model in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanisms of cell apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide (ATO) alone or in combination with thalidomide (THAL) on SCID mice model transplanted with human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell line MUTZ-1 in vivo. METHODS: In a previous study by the authors, a Hum-MDS mice model was successfully established and the results showed that ATO alone or in combination with THAL had markedly inhibitory effect on the tumors growth in the MDS mice model of the treated groups with higher-rates of cell apoptosis and longer-survival periods than control groups (P < 0.01). In the present study, 48 Hum-MDS mice were randomly grouped and ATO groups had 32 mice which were treated with ATO [5.0 microg or 7.5 microg/(g.d), 5 d a week, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) x 3 weeks alone or in combination with THAL 8 microg/(g.d) x 3 weeks] and the control groups had 16 mice [treated with 0.9% NaCl 10 microl/(g.d) (i.p) or untreated]. The expressions of the proteins and the genes related to apoptosis were detected by using immunohistochemical (IHC) method, Western blot, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) with [gamma-32P] ATP oligonucleotide probe end labeling. RESULTS: (1) By IHC, compared to controls, the expressions of the pro-apoptosis protein Bax (F = 1080.150, P < 0.01) and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were higher, but Bcl-2 (F = 2777.978, P < 0.01) was lower in the treated groups. (2) Western-blot results showed that the pro-apoptosis protein expressions of mitochondrial Smac/DIABLO and cytochrome C (IHC) were strikingly up-regulated and pro-caspase 9, 7, 6, 3 and full PARP were down-regulated and cleaved caspase-6, 7, 9 and PARP were clearly observed in the treated groups. The expressions of apoptosis protein inhibitors of cIAP1 and survivin mRNA (RT-PCR) were markedly down-regulated in the treated groups. But no evidences of cleavage of BID and caspase-8 had been observed in any group. (3) The expression of IkappaB-alpha protein [nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) inhibitor] was up-regulated (Western-blot) and the activity of NF-kappaB were sharply down-regulated in ATO-treated groups by EMSA. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that mitochondria are the primary intracellular target of ATO. At least, two pathways, namely, mitochondrial mediated-caspase dependent cell apoptosis pathway and NF-kappaB signal conduct pathway were involved in the mechanisms of ATO inducing cell apoptosis on MDS mice model in vivo. The mechanisms seem to be a complicated network regulated by multi-signal pathways, multi-layers, and multi-factors instead of a single pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Importance of the GP dipeptide of the antiporter motif and other membrane-embedded proline and glycine residues in tetracycline efflux protein Tet(L).

Proline and glycine residues are well represented among functionally important residues in hydrophobic domains of membrane transport proteins, and several critical roles have been suggested for them. Here, the effects of mutational changes in membrane-embedded proline and glycine residues of Tet(L) were examined, with a focus on the conserved GP(155,156) dipeptide of motif C, a putative "antiporter motif". Mutation of Gly155 to cysteine resulted in a mutant Tet(L) that bound its tetracycline-divalent metal (Tc-Me2+) substrate but did not catalyze efflux or exchange of Tc-Me2+ or catalyze uptake or exchange of Rb+ which was used to monitor the coupling ion. These results support suggestions that this region is involved in the conformational changes required for translocation. Mutations in Pro156 resulted in reduction (P156G) or loss (P156A or P156C) of Tc-Me2+ efflux capacity. All three Pro156 mutants exhibited a K+ leak (monitored by 86Rb+ fluxes) that was not observed in wild-type Tet(L). A similar leak was observed in a mutant in a membrane-embedded proline residue elsewhere in the Tet(L) protein (P175C) as well as in a P156C mutant of related antiporter Tet(K). These findings are consistent with roles proposed for membrane-embedded prolines in tight helix packing. Patterns of Tc resistance conferred by additional Tet(L) mutants indicate important roles for another GP dipeptide in transmembrane segment (TMS) X as well as for membrane-embedded glycine residues in TMS XIII.

Amino Acid Motifs↗
PubMed2005

Cybrd1 (duodenal cytochrome b) is not necessary for dietary iron absorption in mice.

Mammalian nonheme iron absorption requires reduction of dietary iron for uptake by the divalent metal ion transport system in the intestine. This was thought to be mediated by duodenal cytochrome b (Cybrd1), a ferric reductase enzyme resident on the luminal surface of intestinal absorptive cells. To test its importance in vivo, we inactivated the murine Cybrd1 gene and assessed tissue iron stores in Cybrd1-null mice. We found that loss of Cybrd1 had little or no impact on body iron stores, even in the setting of iron deficiency. We conclude that other mechanisms must be available for the reduction of dietary iron.

Absorption↗
PubMed2005

[Homologous dermal acellular matrix graft for urethral reconstruction in man (report of 16 cases)].

OBJECTIVE: To investigated the value of homologous dermal acellular matrix graft (AMG) for urethral reconstruction in man, and found an ideal replacement material to simplify the urethroplastic surgery. METHODS: 16 male patients, aged 18-46 (mean 26.5), with urethral diseases were treated with allograft of tissue engineering material AMG. The causes of urethroplasty were complex urethral stricture followed by pelvic fracture (13 cases), anterior urethral stricture (2 cases), hypospadia (1 case). During the operation, AMG was sutured to a tubular graft and replaced the defect urethra. A 18-22 Fr silicone catheter was inserted in the reconstructed urethra for 4-6 weeks. RESULTS: All 16 patients were voiding well after removing the catheter, urethrography reveal excellent caliber of the reconstructed urethra. Urethroscopic examination showed the graft urethra was covered by epithelial tissue and grew into the native tissue. But stenosis was developed in 3 patients postoperatively, 1 patients received transurethral incision, another 2 needed urethral sounding. The patients were followed-up for 12-72 months (mean 45.6), no rejection was observed, all patients voided normally except 4 cases needed urethral dilatation periodically. CONCLUSION: The homologous dermal acellular matrix graft may serve as an ideal replacement material for complex urethral stricture or defect, without concern of rejection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of three single doses of mifepristone as emergency contraception: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: This is an analysis of the Australian component of a large World Health Organization multicentre dose-finding study of mifepristone for emergency contraception and the first clinical study of this controversial drug in Australia. AIMS: To compare the effectiveness and side-effects of three single doses of mifepristone taken within 120 h after unprotected coitus as emergency contraception. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomised controlled trial. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty healthy women with regular menstrual cycles who requested emergency contraception. Participants were allocated randomly to one of the three doses (10, 50 and 600 mg). The primary outcome was confirmed pregnancy, and secondary outcome measures included side-effects and delay in the onset of the next menses. RESULTS: Pregnancy rates for mifepristone 10, 50 and 600 mg were 2.0, 2.1 and 2.1%, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. No major side-effects occurred, except an unpredictable delay in the onset of the next menses. Mifepristone 600 mg caused a significantly longer delay in the onset of the next menses than either the 10 or the 50 mg dose. CONCLUSION: Lowering the dose of mifepristone from 600 to 10 mg did not significantly impair its effectiveness as an emergency contraceptive, and caused less delay in the onset of the next menses. Therefore, a dose as low as 10 mg may be preferable to 600 mg for emergency contraception. This is very much lower than the dose required to terminate a pregnancy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

[Biological features of dendritic cells derived from chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To induce primary chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells into dendritic cells (DCs). METHODS: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from 13 CML patients and peripheral blood MNCs from 5 healthy donors. The isolated MNCs were co-cultured with rhGM-CSF 1,000 U/ml, rhIL- 4,500 U/ml and TNF-alpha 50 U/ml for 10 days. The morphological features were observed by Wright's staining,inverted microscope and electron microscope. CD(80), CD(86), CD(83), CD(1a) and HLA-DR expression were assayed by flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis was performed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization(FISH). The concentration of IL-12 was measured by ELISA and the function of antigen presenting was tested by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). RESULT: After being cultured with cytokines, the typical dendritic appearance with delicate membrane projections was observed. The CD(80), CD(86), CD(83), CD(1a) and HLA-DR markers and capacity of stimulating allogeneic T cells were upregulated significantly. FISH confirmed that the DCs were generated from leukemic origin and CML DCs could secrete higher level of IL-12 than CML MNCs. There were no differences in morphology and immunophenotype expression between DCs derived from CML and those from normal individuals. However, DCs from CML patients displayed weaker activity than that of normal individuals when tested in MLR. CONCLUSION: CML cells could be induced into leukemia-DCs by co-culture with cytokines.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed2005

[Farmland nitrogen loss and its control strategies from the view of water environment].

Nitrogen is a major factor in maintaining crop yield and getting better economic return, but its over-and unreasonable use may cause severe environmental pollution. From the view of water environment, this paper discussed the current effects of farmland nitrogen (N) loss on water pollution, the passes and mechanisms of farmland nitrogen loss, and its control strategies. To reduce the N surface runoff and leaching, effective measures should be taken, which include cutting down the paths from the source to transportation, and taking integrated measures to control N pollution. The BMPs (Best Management Practices) methods for N control suitable to China's situation were discussed on the basis of nitrogen source pollution rate.

Fertilizers↗