Biomedical subjects

Jianbo Shi

Publications and source records attributed to Jianbo Shi.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2024

Recent advances in environmental antibiotic resistance genes detection and research focus: From genes to ecosystems.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) persistence and potential harm have become more widely recognized in the environment due to its fast-paced research. However, the bibliometric review on the detection, research hotspot, and development trend of environmental ARGs has not been widely conducted. It is essential to provide a comprehensive overview of the last 30 years of research on environmental ARGs to clarify the changes in the research landscape and ascertain future prospects. This study presents a visualized analysis of data from the Web of Science to enhance our understanding of ARGs. The findings indicate that solid-phase extraction provides a reliable method for extracting ARG. Technological advancements in commercial kits and microfluidics have facilitated the efficacy of ARGs extraction with significantly reducing processing times. PCR and its derivatives, DNA sequencing, and multi-omics technology are the prevalent methodologies for ARGs detection, enabling the expansion of ARG research from individual strains to more intricate microbial communities in the environment. Furthermore, due to the development of combination, hybridization and mass spectrometer technologies, considerable advancements have been achieved in terms of sensitivity and accuracy as well as lowering the cost of ARGs detection. Currently, high-frequency terms such as "Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiotics, and Metagenomics" are the center of attention for study in this area. Prominent topics include the investigation of anthropogenic impacts on environmental resistance, as well as the dynamics of migration, dissemination, and adaptation of environmental ARGs, etc. The research on environmental ARGs has made significant advancements in the fields of "Microbiology" and "Biotechnology Applied Microbiology". Over the past decade, there has been a notable increase in the fields of "Environmental Sciences Ecology" and "Engineering" with a similar growth trend observed in "Water Resources". These three domains are expected to continue driving extensive study within the realm of environmental ARGs.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗

PubMed2005

Graph embedding to improve supervised classification and novel class detection: application to prostate cancer.

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in algorithms for constructing low-dimensional feature-space embeddings of high dimensional data sets in order to visualize inter- and intra-class relationships. In this paper we present a novel application of graph embedding in improving the accuracy of supervised classification schemes, especially in cases where object class labels cannot be reliably ascertained. By refining the initial training set of class labels we seek to improve the prior class distributions and thus classification accuracy. We also present a novel way of visualizing the class embeddings which makes it easy to appreciate inter-class relationships and to infer the presence of new classes which were not part of the original classification. We demonstrate the utility of the method in detecting prostatic adenocarcinoma from high-resolution MRI.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

Study on the contamination of heavy metals and their correlations in mollusks collected from coastal sites along the Chinese Bohai Sea.

Mollusks living in seas can accumulate heavy metals, and may serve as excellent passive biomonitors. During a period of 1 year, bioaccumulation of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn was examined in nine kinds of mollusks (Rapana venosa, Neverita didyma, Scapharca subcrenata, Mytilus edulis, Amusium, Crassostrea talienwhanensis, Meretix meretrix, Ruditapes philippinarum, and Mactra veneriformis), which were collected at eight coastal sites along the Chinese Bohai Sea. Metal concentrations were directly determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Two certified reference materials, dogfish muscle (DORM-2) and mussel (GBW 08571), were used to validate the methods, and the recoveries were within 83.72-112.30% of the certified values. Bioaccumulation of metals varied strongly among sampling sites and species. Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) indicated that different species examined showed different bioaccumulation of metals, and perhaps they could be used as potential biomonitors to investigate the contamination levels of heavy metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to study the relationships between these heavy metals. The results showed that, in nine mollusks' tissues, there are significant correlations between these elements in adjacent main group or subgroup in periodic table of elements.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Segmentation given partial grouping constraints.

We consider data clustering problems where partial grouping is known a priori. We formulate such biased grouping problems as a constrained optimization problem, where structural properties of the data define the goodness of a grouping and partial grouping cues define the feasibility of a grouping. We enforce grouping smoothness and fairness on labeled data points so that sparse partial grouping information can be effectively propagated to the unlabeled data. Considering the normalized cuts criterion in particular, our formulation leads to a constrained eigenvalue problem. By generalizing the Rayleigh-Ritz theorem to projected matrices, we find the global optimum in the relaxed continuous domain by eigendecomposition, from which a near-global optimum to the discrete labeling problem can be obtained effectively. We apply our method to real image segmentation problems, where partial grouping priors can often be derived based on a crude spatial attentional map that binds places with common salient features or focuses on expected object locations. We demonstrate not only that it is possible to integrate both image structures and priors in a single grouping process, but also that objects can be segregated from the background without specific object knowledge.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2004

[The T-lymphocytes subsets expression in the human recurrent nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+ and CD45RO+ cells) in human recurrent nasal polyps. METHOD: Nasal polyps tissue samples and peripheral blood were obtained from 17 patients, normal human inferior turbinate mucosa and peripheral blood were obtained as well. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect the expression of surface markers of the T-lymphocytes. All data were analyzed with t-test. RESULT: There were significantly large number of CD4+, and CD45RO+ cells in the tissue of recurrent nasal polyps. The expression percentage of CD3+ CD4+ cells was significantly higher than that of CD3+ CD8+ cells. Ratio of CD3+ CD4+/CD3+ CD8+ was 1.956 +/- 0.093. CONCLUSION: There were generous of T-lymphocytes expression in human recurrent nasal polyps. The ratio of the T-lymphocytes subsets was abnormal high than the usual and this indicated the immunological function were in disorder in the local area. The abnormally higher expression of CD3+ CD4+ cells in the local area may play an important role in the recurrence of human nasal polyps.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Orbital surgery by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of transnasal endoscopic surgery to treat some kinds of diseases within orbit by ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach, and put forward the basic principle of surgical management. METHODS: A total of 10 cases undergone the endoorbital operation by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach, including foreign body 4 cases, sponge haemangioma 1 case, invaded and metastatic carcinoma 5 cases. RESULTS: Successful removing of foreign body from endoorbital for 3 cases, and 1 failure. One case of sponge haemangioma was removed completely. One case of metastatic tumour from nasopharyngeal carcinoma was resected, with no relapse and vision recovered to 0.6 during follow-up period of 4 years. Four cases of invaded carcinoma from ethmosphenoidal sinus were resected completely. Follow-up for 1-4 years showed no relapse. CONCLUSION: The endoorbital region inside the optic nerve can be controlled by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach. The advanced radiotherapy provides favourable conditions for conservative surgery of endoorbital carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Surgical management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical experience in managing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. To ascertain the best effective surgical management for CSF rhinorrhea. METHODS: A retrospective study of 83 patients with CSF rhinorrhea from March 1991 to August 2001 was conducted. Among them, 17 patients were treated with conservative therapy, 8 with transcranial repair, 2 with extranasal repair, 3 with transnasal repair under microscope and 54 with transnasal endoscopic management. The conservative time, causes, complications, leak sites, repairing materials and surgical methods were analysed. RESULTS: All patients were followed -up for 6 months to 9 years. 17 cases had no CSF rhinorrhea after conservative treatment with an average time 16 days. Endoscopic repair of CSF leaks was successful in 90% (49/54) of the cases after a first attempt. Two persistent leaks (2/4) were closed after a second attempt. The other persistent leaks were also closed, one case after third and one after fourth attempt. Ultimately 98% (53/54) of the leaks were repaired using an endoscopic approach. Only one failed after transendoscopic management, and succeeded with a second extranasal repair. The CSF rhinorrhea repaired with other surgical methods were all successful. CONCLUSION: Transnasal endoscopic management is the best method for repairing CSF rhinorrhea, other surgical methods can be chosen based on different conditions. The conservative time are 2 to 4 weeks if a CSF leak is caused by trauma or operation, 6 to 8 weeks conservative time for special cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Exploration of transnasal endoscopic cranialbase approach].

OBJECTIVE: To study feasibility and indication of cranialbase surgery by transnasal endoscopic approach. METHODS: Nine cases treated by transnasal were analysed. Those cases included foreign body, olfactory neuroblastoma, meningoma and inverted papilloma in anterior cranial fossa, sinuses sphenoidalis macrosis cyst invading middle cranial fossa, primary cholesteatoma and space occupying lesion in middle cranial fossa. RESULT: The complications were not occurred in all cases. Follow-up survey 1-7 years, no-relapse was occurred. CONCLUSION: It is probability that surgery lesion be close skull base by transnasal endoscopic approach, but indication must be exactitude selected. The operator should be have firm anatomic, skilled operation and richness experience. The malignancy lesion should be compositive treatment after surgery.

Adolescent↗