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Biomedical subjects

Jian Huang

Publications and source records attributed to Jian Huang.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Intake of soy foods and soy isoflavones by rural adult women in China.

This study evaluated the intake of soy foods and soy isoflavones by rural adult women and potential determinant factors. Soy food consumption and information on age, education and medical history were collected on 1,188 subjects in Gansu Province and Hebei Province, China using a food frequency questionnaire to gather data on food intake over the past year. Weight and height were simultaneously measured. The results showed that 1139 (95.9%) rural women consumed soy foods in the past year. The average intake of soy foods and isoflavones was 38.7 +/- 58.2 (median = 23.5) g/d and 17.7 +/- 26.6 (median= 8.9) mg/d, respectively. Tofu accounted for the most contribution to their intake. The soy isoflavone intake ranged between 0-35 mg/day in 89.2% of subjects. Gansu women had higher intakes of soy foods and isoflavones than Henbei women (P< 0.05). Women aged 41-50 years consumed less soy foods and isoflavones than the 20-30-year olds and 31-40 year olds(P < 0.05). The intake of soy foods (P< 0.01) and isoflavones (P< 0.01) by women who experienced secondary education or above was significantly higher than illiterate women. Women without a medical history had a higher soy isoflavone intake than women with a medical history, but the difference was not statistically significant. These results suggest that the intake of soy isoflavones by Chinese rural adult women was much higher than women in Western countries. The distribution of intake was skewed to the right and varied among women in regard to region, age group and education level.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Interactive system of Delphastus catalinae and its competitor: interspecies competition].

Delphastus catalinae and Serangium japonicum are the important natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci, of which, the former is exotic, and the latter is indigenous. In this paper, the influence of interspecies competition on the population growth of D. catalinae and S. japonicum was studied under conditions of single and mixed rearing, and Lotka-Volterra equation was used to simulate the competition when more and less preys provided for the two ladybirds. The results showed that the population growth of D. catalinae was greater than that of S. japonicum when single rearing, and the population growth of S. japonicum was greater than that of D. catalinae when mixed rearing. In the competition system of the two ladybirds, S. japonicum was dominant, while D. catalinae could exist simultaneously.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

[Identification of acute leukemia-specific genes from leukemia recipient/sibling donor pairs by distinguishing study with oligonucleotide microarrays].

To explore differentially expressed genes in leukemia gene expression profile and identify main related genes in acute leukemia, gene expression profiles were analyzed in bone marrow/leucopheresis peripheral blood stem cells samples from 9 acute leukemia patients and their sibling donors with the use of oligonucleotide microarrays. 163 reported leukemia-related genes were involved in the study. The oligonucleotide primers were designed, synthesized and spotted on the chemical-material-coated-glass plates in array. The total RNAs were isolated from nine patients' bone marrow or leucopheresis peripheral blood cells and from nine their sibling donors peripheral blood stem cells treated by G-CSF, then collected by CS-3000 cell selection machine, and were reversely transcribed to cDNAs with the incorporations of fluorescent dUTP. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide microarray. The results showed that in four patient/donor pairs with B-ALL, 5 up-regulated (RIZ, STK-1, T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1A, Cbp/p300, Op18) and 1 down-regulated genes (hematopoietic proteoglycan core protein) were identified; In five patient/donor pairs with AML-M(4) and AML-M(5), 6 up-regulated (STAT5B, ligand p62 for the Lck SH2, CST3, LTC4S, myeloid leukemia factor 2 and epb72) and 1 down-regulated genes (CCR5) were identified. In conclusion, on the basis of distinguishing study of specific genetic related recipient/sibling donor pairs, screening leukemia-related genes with oligonucleotide microarrays, a set of 13 up-regulated or down-regulated genes among 163 leukemia-related genes has been identified. The result has further confirmed that above genes play critical role in the molecular mechanism of acute leukemia.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed2004

[RNA interference in functional genomics and medical research].

RNA interference (RNAi) is a post-transcriptional gene silencing process by targeting mRNA for degradation in a sequence-specific manner. This powerful platform has enormous potential in functional genomics and medical research. As a tool to knock out expression of specific genes in a variety of organisms, RNAi was used to investigate gene function in a high throughput fashion. Highly conserved in evolution RNAi appears to have evolved as a cellular defense mechanism in plants and animals to suppress viral infection, transposon jumping and endogenous aberrant genes. Exploiting the natural mechanism, the researchers can shut down disease-causing genes and develop novel therapeutics against infection, tumor and other disease.

Gene Expression Regulation↗
PubMed2004

[Identification bcr-abl fusion gene in leukemia cells with oligonucleotide microarray].

To explore the application value of bcr-abl fusion gene deterction microarray in diagnosis, typing, choosing of treatment variant and prognosis judgment, probe for fusion gene detection was designed, oligonucleotide microarray was prepared; total RNA was extracted, reverse-transcripted and labeled by fluorescence, then cDNA was hybridized with microarray in order to detect bcr-abl fusion gene in leukemia cells. The results showed that better reaction conditions were gained by exploration of hybridizotion temperature and elution conditions, bcr-abl fusion gene in leukemia cells was detected by prepared miccroarray. In conclusion, oligonucleotide microarray is effective in detecting the fusion gene and has some unique advantages and certain clinical application value, but has some deficiency too. If microarray can be improved further, it could be used widely in the field of hematology.

Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl↗
PubMed2004

[Computer aid vaccine design: new area of biomedical engineering].

Computer aid vaccine design (CAVD) is a new area of biomedical engineering. This article reviewed the background of the coming of CAVD and its main research contents, methods and applications. Free tools of the trade in CAVD are listed; the implication and the perspective of CAVD are also suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Preinduced molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum protect cardiomyocytes from lethal injury.

Although molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known to be involved in folding and assembly of glycosylated proteins, it is unclear whether preinduced ER chaperones can protect cardiomyocytes from lethal injury. In this study we used tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-linked glycosylation in the ER, to preinduce ER chaperones in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and we tested the cytoprotective role of preinduced ER chaperones in the cardiomyocytes. Expression of GRP78 at both protein and mRNA levels was markedly increased in cardiomyocytes pretreated with tunicamycin, when compared to non-treatment controls. Following prolonged ATP depletion or oxidative stress, which was used to simulate cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury, respectively, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from tunicamycin-pretreated cardiomyocytes was significantly lower than from non-pretreated cardiomycocytes. Tunicamycin-pretreated cardiomyocytes showed significantly higher Ca2+ release into cytoplasm than controls when treated with both caffeine and thapsigargin, indicating higher storage of Ca2+ in the ER. After oxidative stress, cytosolic Ca2+ levels were maintained relatively stable in tunicamycin-pretreated cardiomyocytes, when compared to control cardiomyocytes. These observations suggest that preinduced ER chaperones protect cardiomyocytes from lethal injury, at least in part, by preventing an increase in cytosolic Ca2+.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Recent research progress of anti-tumor mechnism matrine].

Matrine, as an active component of Chinese traditional medicine, has a great effect on anti-inflammation, anti-arrhythmia and anti-fibrosis of liver cell. But the recent evidences indicate that matrine also plays an important role in anti-tumor, such as inhibiting proliferation, inducing differation and apoptosis, reducing invasion and metastasis of tumor cell. In the review we summarized the recent research progress of anti-tumor mechanism of matrine.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2004

[Intake of soy isoflavones and its correlation with prevalence of chronic diseases among rural women in Weichang County and Lanzhou City in China].

To evaluate the average intake of soy isoflavones and the correlation between this intake and prevalence of chronic diseases among Chinese rural women, soy food consumption and medical history of 1188 recruited rural adult women from Weichang County (Hebei Province) and Lanzhou City (Gansu Province) were collected using food frequency questionnaire. The results showed that the intake of soy isoflavones by Weichang and Lanzhou women was (15.3 +/- 18.9) mg/d (M = 8.8) and (19.5 +/- 32.9) mg/d (M = 10.1), respectively. There had statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The distribution of soy isoflavones intake was skewed to the right. The reported disease prevalence in Weichang was 25.6% and higher than that in Lanzhou (18.8%). The average intake of soy isoflavones by healthy women was (17.8 +/- 22.8) mg/d (M = 9.5), which was higher than that by women who reported to have one of chronic diseases [(15.7 +/- 22.5) mg/d (M = 8.3)] and significantly higher than that by women who reported to have cardiovascular diseases or chronic digestive system diseases (P < 0.05). These findings indicated an inverse correlation between soy isoflavones intakes and the prevalence of chronic diseases, suggesting that soy isoflavones may play a potential role in the prevention for chronic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Genome-wide linkage analysis of blood pressure under locus heterogeneity.

We describe a method for mapping quantitative trait loci that allows for locus heterogeneity. A genome-wide linkage analysis of blood pressure was performed using sib-pair data from the Framingham Heart Study. Evidence of linkage was found on four markers (GATA89G08, GATA23D06, GATA14E09, and 049xd2) at a significance level of 0.01. Two of them (GATA14E09 and 049xd2) seem to overlap with linkage signals reported previously, while the other two are not linked to any known signals.

Adult Children↗
PubMed2003

Stereoselective intramolecular [4 + 3] cycloadditions of nitrogen-stabilized chiral oxyallyl cations via epoxidation of N-tethered allenamides.

The first intramolecular [4 + 3] cycloaddition reaction using nitrogen-stabilized chiral oxyallyl cations that are tethered to furan or diene through the nitrogen atom is described here. Formation of these nitrogen-stabilized chiral oxyallyl cations is achieved by a chemoselective epoxidation of chiral allenamides via syringe pump addition of dimethyl dioxirane. The ensuing cycloaddition can be carried out with a range of different lengths for the tether, and high diastereoselectivities can be obtained when using chiral allenamides with shorter tethers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Intratumoral delivery of dendritic cells engineered to secrete both interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 effectively treats local and distant disease in association with broadly reactive Tc1-type immunity.

Dendritic cells (DCs) were adenovirally engineered to constitutively and durably secrete the potent Th1-biasing cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 (AdIL12DC) and/or IL-18 (AdIL18DC) and evaluated for their ability to promote therapeutic antitumor immunity in murine sarcoma models. Injection of either AdIL12DC or AdIL18DC into day 7 CMS4 or MethA tumors resulted in tumor rejection or slowed tumor growth when compared with control cohorts. Importantly, intratumoral injection with DCs engineered to secrete both IL-12 and IL-18 (AdIL12/IL18DC) resulted in complete and the most acute rejection of any treatment group analyzed. This strategy was also effective in promoting the regression of contralateral, untreated tumors. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were required for tumor rejection. CD8+ splenic T cells from mice treated with AdIL12/IL18DC produced the highest levels of IFN-gamma in response to tumor rechallenge in vitro and displayed the broadest repertoire of Tc1-type reactivity to acid-eluted, tumor-derived peptides among all treatment cohorts. This apparent enhancement in cross-presentation of tumor-associated epitopes in vivo may result from the increased capacity of engineered DCs to kill tumor cells, survive tumor-induced apoptosis, and present immunogenic MHC/tumor peptide complexes to T cells after intratumoral injection. In support of this hypothesis, cytokine gene-engineered DCs expressed higher levels of MHC and costimulatory molecules, as well as Fas ligand and membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor alpha, with the latter markers associated with elevated tumoricidal activity in vitro. Cytokine gene-engineered DCs appeared to have a survival advantage in situ when injected into tumor lesions, to be found in approximation with regions of tumor apoptosis, and to have the capacity to ingest apoptotic tumor bodies. These results support the ability of combined cytokine gene transfer to enhance multiple effector functions mediated by intralesionally injected DCs that may concertedly promote cross-priming and the accelerated immune-mediated rejection of tumors.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2003

[p53 mutations in sporadic colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability].

OBJECTIVE: To study p53 mutation and its association with microsatellite instability (MI)/replication error (RER) in sporadic colorectal cancer. METHODS: Fifty five cases of sporadic colorectal cancer were analyzed for MI/RER by PCR-based silver staining or ABI377 sequencer at following seven separate microsatellite loci: BAT-26, D2S119, D2S123, D3S1293, D8S282, D13S160 and D18S58. p53 mutations at exon 5 - 8 were detected by direct sequencing and its overexpressions performed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: p53 gene mutations were present in 38.2% (21/55) of the tumors and its overexpressions in 60% (33/55) with a concordance rate of 42%. MI or RER positive rate was 27.2% (15/55) or 14.5% (8/55). MI/RER + cancers showed a tendency of relatively high p53 total mutation and point mutation rates with 53.3% VS 32.5% and 53.3% VS 30% in MI group (P > 0.05) and with 62.5% VS 34% and 62.5% VS 30.2% (P > 0.05) in RER group respectively; but they had low protein expression rate with 46.7% VS 65% in MI group and 50% VS 62% in RER group (P > 0.05). There were no differences in p53 missense mutation rates and distributions at CpG sites with 40% VS 30% and 20% VS 12.5% (P > 0.05) between the two kinds of MI/RER tumors. Furthermore, each (CA)n microsatellite locus had no significant effect on p53 mutation. CONCLUSION: No significant relationship is found between MI/RER and p53 mutation/overexpression in sporadic colorectal cancer. But MI/RER tumor tends to have relatively high p53 mutation and low overexpression rates. In addition, there exist no differences in p53 missense mutation rates and distributions at CpG sites between the two kinds of MI/RER tumors.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Two-locus heterogeneity cannot be distinguished from two-locus epistasis on the basis of affected-sib-pair data.

The observation of multiple linkage signals in the course of conducting genome screens for complex disorders raises the question of whether distinct genes represent independent causes of disease (heterogeneity) or whether they interact to produce the phenotype of interest (epistasis); and there has been a corresponding interest in statistical methods for detecting and/or exploiting the distinction between these two possibilities. At the same time, researchers are increasingly relying on affected-sib-pair (ASP) data. Here, we demonstrate an apparently unrecognized fact about two-locus (2L) models and ASP data, namely, 2L heterogeneity and 2L epistasis cannot, in general, be distinguished from one another on the basis of ASP marker data, as a matter of mathematical principle and therefore regardless of sample size. By the same token, correlations across ASPs in single-locus LOD scores or other measures also cannot be used to distinguish 2L heterogeneity from 2L epistasis. This raises questions about the measurement of gene-gene interactions in terms of patterns of correlation in marker data. Portions of our results carry over to larger pedigree structures as well, as long as only affected individuals are included in analyses; the extent to which our overall findings apply to general pedigrees (including unaffected individuals) remains to be investigated.

Alleles↗
PubMed2003

The exon context and distribution of Euascomycetes rRNA spliceosomal introns.

BACKGROUND: We have studied spliceosomal introns in the ribosomal (r)RNA of fungi to discover the forces that guide their insertion and fixation. RESULTS: Comparative analyses of flanking sequences at 49 different spliceosomal intron sites showed that the G - intron - G motif is the conserved flanking sequence at sites of intron insertion. Information analysis showed that these rRNA introns contain significant information in the flanking exons. Analysis of all rDNA introns in the three phylogenetic domains and two organelles showed that group I introns are usually located after the most conserved sites in rRNA, whereas spliceosomal introns occur at less conserved positions. The distribution of spliceosomal and group I introns in the primary structure of small and large subunit rRNAs was tested with simulations using the broken-stick model as the null hypothesis. This analysis suggested that the spliceosomal and group I intron distributions were not produced by a random process. Sequence upstream of rRNA spliceosomal introns was significantly enriched in G nucleotides. We speculate that these G-rich regions may function as exonic splicing enhancers that guide the spliceosome and facilitate splicing. CONCLUSIONS: Our results begin to define some of the rules that guide the distribution of rRNA spliceosomal introns and suggest that the exon context is of fundamental importance in intron fixation.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed2003

Genetic linkage analysis of a dichotomous trait incorporating a tightly linked quantitative trait in affected sib pairs.

Many complex diseases are usually considered as dichotomous traits but are also associated with quantitative biological markers or quantitative risk factors. For such dichotomous traits, although their associated quantitative traits may not directly underly the diagnosis of the disease status, if the associated quantitative trait is also linked to the chromosomal regions linked to the dichotomous trait, then joint analysis of dichotomous and quantitative traits should be more efficient than consideration of them separately. Previous studies have focused on the situation when a dichotomous trait can be modeled by a threshold process acting on a single underlying normal liability distribution. However, for many complex disorders, including most psychiatric disorders, diagnosis is generally based on a set of binary or discrete criteria. These traits cannot be modeled on the basis of a threshold process acting on an underlying continuous trait. We propose a likelihood-based method that efficiently combines such a discrete trait and an associated quantitative trait in the analysis, using affected-sib-pair data. Our simulation studies suggest that joint analysis increases the power to detect linkage of dichotomous traits. We also apply the proposed new method to an asthma genome-scan data set and incorporate the total serum immunoglobulin E level in the analysis.

Asthma↗
PubMed2003

[Relationship between anticardiolipin antibodies and abortion].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) and abortion. METHODS: The level of serum ACA in 93 abortion women (abortion group) and 80 normal pregnant women (control group) was determined by the enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay. The abortion group included threatened abortion (n = 62), inevitable abortion (n = 21), and missed abortion (n = 10). RESULTS: The positive rate of ACA in the abortion group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The positive rate of ACA in pregnant women with a history of abortion was significantly higher than that in those women without a history of abortion (P < 0.05). The positive rate of ACA was not significantly different between habitual abortion and spontaneous abortion (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Anticardiolipin antibodies may induce abortion, but it is not related to habitual abortion.

Abortion, Habitual↗