Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Jens Fromholt Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to Jens Fromholt Larsen.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Lifestyle intervention in the treatment of severe obesity].

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is escalating globally, and in Denmark more than 10% of the population are now severely overweight. The aim of this study was to estimate the short-term health effects of 15 weeks of intensive lifestyle intervention composed of physical activity, dietary changes and personal development in severely obese subjects of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 27 subjects were weighed weekly. Fat percentage, abdominal circumference, maximum oxygen uptake, heart rate, oral glucose tolerance and blood lipids were measured at baseline and in week 15. The intensive lifestyle intervention was completed under supervision at a stay at Ebeltoft Kurcenter, and the goal was a weight loss of approximately 1% per week. RESULTS: At baseline, the participants' average body mass index (BMI: kg/m2) was 44 +- 1; the BMI was reduced by 11% after the stay (p<0.001). Body weight was reduced by 14 +- 4 kg (p<0.001), corresponding to 76% of the desired weight loss. The subjects' fat mass was reduced by 4% (p<0.001), and their maximal oxygen uptake was enhanced by 25% (p<0.001). Concerning the blood lipids, total cholesterol was reduced by 8% (p = 0.03); there was no significant change in LDL level and a reduction of 15% (p<0.05) in HDL level. After the intervention, oral glucose tolerance was significantly improved (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: After 15 weeks of intensive lifestyle intervention, there were significant improvements in aerobic fitness and metabolic risk parameters, and the observed weight loss was equivalent to that obtained by surgical treatment. Decisive in the choice of obesity treatment will continue to be the extent of success in permanent weight loss.

Abdominal Fat↗
PubMed2004

[Obesity surgery].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Gastric Bypass↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of gene expression in intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat: a study of men with morbid obesity and nonobese men using microarray and proteomics.

Extent of intra-abdominal fat had significant linear relations with six metabolic coronary risk factors: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood concentrations of glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin can be biological mediators from the intra-abdominal fat to the metabolic coronary risk factors. Complementarily, we describe a new study that will analyze the gene expression in intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat on mRNA and protein level using high throughput methods. The study will elucidate further whether intra-abdominal obesity is the common denominator for the different components of the metabolic syndrome.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Detection of intestinal ischemia using a microdialysis technique in an animal model.

The purpose of this study was to use a microdialysis technique to demonstrate the metabolic changes that occur in the intestinal wall during ischemia in vivo. Continuous monitoring of glucose, lactate, and glycerol using a microdialysis technique was performed in the jejunal wall of 10 pigs during steady-state and occlusive ischemia. The microdialysis catheters were introduced 50, 80, and 110 cm from the ligament of Treitz. Occlusive ischemia was established to two segments after steady state was reached. Microdialysate samples were collected from ischemic/nonischemic intestinal segments simultaneously every 20 minutes. For comparison with the microdialysis measurements, systemic blood samples were drawn from the cannulated femoral artery and analyzed consecutively. A significant increase of microdialysate lactate and a significant decrease of microdialysate glucose were found during occlusive ischemia as compared to the preischemic samples and samples from the nonischemic control catheters. The microdialysate glycerol increased during ischemia, but later than the lactate. No changes were observed in systemic serum lactate, serum glucose, pH, p co(2), and p o(2), but serum potassium increased by 1.1 mmole (median) during ischemia. Microdialysis measured in the intestinal wall identifies local ischemia and may be a new method for the monitoring of intestinal perfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Gasless versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A randomized trial with regard to technical problems, postoperative course and convalescence].

INTRODUCTION: The positive CO2 pneumoperitoneum needed to create the working space for laparoscopic surgery may induce pathophysiological changes. Concern about these changes has led to the introduction of a gasless technique. The aim of the present study was to compare the gasless CLC and GLC with regard to exposure, technical problems, operation time, postoperative pain, clinical course, and convalescence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with symptomatic gallstones were randomised to conventional (CLC) or gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy (GLC), with special reference to overall patient satisfaction, technical difficulties, duration of surgery, postoperative pain, and recovery. RESULTS: The overall exposure of the operative field was poorer in the GLC group, whereas the duration of surgery, steps involved in the cholecystectomy technique, length of hospital stay, and postoperative pain score did not differ significantly. The period to return to normal activity was significantly shorter in the GLC group, six days compared to 8.5 days in the CLC group (p < 0.05). No differences were found in terms of fatigue, dizziness and nausea, and overall satisfaction with the outcome. DISCUSSION: This study shows that convalescence is significantly shorter after laparoscopic cholecystectomy by the gasless technique than by the conventional CO2 technique. However, exposure of the operative field was less than optimal with the gasless technique.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed2002

[Laparoscopic surgery of Spiegelian hernia].

A case of spigelian hernia in a 33-year-old woman, diagnosed preoperatively and operated on laparoscopically, is described. Simultaneously, a bilateral femoral hernia without previous symptoms was diagnosed and treated. Goretex dualmesh was used for the spigelian hernia, polypropylene plugs for the femoral hernias, fixation with Goretex sutures and metal coils. Laparoscopic approach for the diagnosis and treatment of rare hernias in the abdominal wall is advocated, because of the diagnostic potential and reduced postoperative discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic response in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using gasless or carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum: a randomized study.

In general, laparoscopic cholecystectomy produces a surgical stress response very similar to which occurs after open cholecystectomy. The question is whether the pneumoperitoneum constitutes a significant pathophysiologic trauma, which might be followed by profound changes in the stress response. We conducted a prospective, randomized trial involving 50 consecutive patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, who had a body mass index equal to or less than 30 kg/m(2) with no acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or liver or renal disease. These patients were randomized to undergo either the gasless (GLC, n = 24) or the carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum (CLC, n = 26) procedure. Perioperative assessment of cortisol, insulin, glucose, and C-reactive protein levels was the main determinant of outcome. During the operative procedure, significantly higher levels of serum cortisol and insulin were found in the CLC group than in the GLC group (P < 0.05). No difference in glucose levels was observed between the two groups. The inflammatory response was moderate in both groups. However, on postoperative day 1 the median C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in the GLC group than that in the CLC group (P < 0.05). Carbon dioxide and the positive intra-abdominal pressure during conventional laparoscopy may contribute to the activation of the surgical stress response.

Adult↗