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Biomedical subjects

Jannette Collins

Publications and source records attributed to Jannette Collins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Bronchopulmonary disease in children with cystic fibrosis after early or delayed diagnosis.

Although early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) can lead to nutritional benefits, there has been uncertainty about pulmonary outcomes. Using a randomized controlled trial with unique unblinding/surveillance, we evaluated patients with CF who received similar treatment after being assigned to an early diagnosis (screened) group or to a standard diagnosis (control) group. When the youngest patient was 7 years of age, we compared outcomes using pulmonary function data and quantitative chest radiology. In the screened group (56 patients), diagnosis was made at a younger age of 12.4 weeks, compared with the diagnosis in control group (47 control patients) at the age of 95.8 weeks, but included a significantly greater proportion of patients with deltaF508 genotypes and pancreatic insufficiency. The first chest radiograph showed significantly fewer abnormalities in the screened group; but, over time, the two groups converged, and after 10 years of age the screened patients showed worse chest X-ray scores associated with earlier acquisition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. No differences were detected in any measure of pulmonary dysfunction, which was generally mild in each group. Although CF neonatal screening provides a potential opportunity for better pulmonary outcomes, it appears that respiratory infections and pancreatic status are the dominant factors in pulmonary prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Longitudinal evaluation of bronchopulmonary disease in children with cystic fibrosis.

Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) develop bronchopulmonary disease at variable ages. Determining the epidemiology of chronic lung disease and quantifying its severity, however, have been difficult in infants and young children. As part of the Wisconsin CF Neonatal Screening Project, we were presented with an ideal opportunity to assess longitudinally the evolution of symptoms, signs, and quantitative measures of CF respiratory disease. After newborn screening test results led to early recognition, 64 patients diagnosed at a median age of 6.71 weeks were enrolled and studied systematically at a median age of 11.3 years to obtain clinical information, chest radiographs, and pulmonary function tests. Our observations revealed that a frequent cough by history is evident by 10.5 months of age in half the patients. Quantitative chest radiology (CXR scoring) demonstrated that potentially irreversible abnormalities are present in half the children by 2 years. The severity of Wisconsin and Brasfield CXR scores increased in association with respiratory infections. Longitudinal progression of Wisconsin CXR scores was related to age (P < 0.001), pancreatic insufficiency (P = 0.005), and respiratory secretion cultures positive for Staphylococus aureas (P = 0.039). In contrast, serial spirometry showed limited sensitivity, as did lung volume determinations; neither was satisfactory as repeated measures with acceptable quality control until after 7 years of age. Time to event analyses revealed that half the patients had % predicted FEF(25-75) and FEV(1)/FVC values greater than 80% until 10.7 and 9.9 years, respectively. We conclude that of the methods evaluated, quantitative chest radiology is currently the best procedure for frequent assessment of bronchopulmonary disease in CF, and that radiographic progression is evident in approximately 85% of patients by 5 years of age. Our results also suggest that bronchiectasis and other radiographic evidence of chronic infection are apparent prior to airways obstruction in young CF patients.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2003

Resident research.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed2002

Academic opportunities in radiology education and education research.

Education can be the focus of a rewarding and successful career in academic radiology. Educational opportunities for academic radiologists include teaching medical students, residents, nursing students, physician assistant students, radiology technologist students, and other allied health profession students. Teaching can occur in large or small groups, or as a one-on-one encounter. Teaching is the very best way to learn a subject well; thus, educators are often considered experts in their fields. Educators can develop innovative teaching materials that are passed on to generations of students. Opportunities in educational administration and personal development are available both locally and nationally. Participation in radiology education research allows a radiologist to contribute to the body of knowledge in radiology education and advance the field of radiology education through science.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2002

Getting the most out of a radiology department education committee.

Regular meetings of residency program teaching faculty are required by the ACGME and support the educational mission of the department. The education committee should be viewed by the department chair and other members of the faculty as being equally important as the departmental research, operations, and finance committees. An education committee that is dedicated to promoting excellence in education and supports the educational mission of the department will enhance the department's local, regional, and national reputation.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗