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James Crowley

Publications and source records attributed to James Crowley.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Gene-eluting stents: comparison of adenoviral and adeno- associated viral gene delivery to the blood vessel wall in vivo.

Gene-eluting stents are being evaluated in animals as an alternative approach to inhibiting in-stent restenosis. Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) and adenovirus are commonly used for gene transfer applications. We tested the hypothesis that these vectors can achieve prolonged and localized gene delivery to the vessel wall, using stents as delivery platforms. AdbetaGal (5 x 10(9) plaque-forming units) and AAV2betaGal (5.3 x 10(9) DNase-resistant particles) were used to coat BiodivYsio stents with matrix HI coating (Abbott Vascular Devices, Galway, Ireland). After balloon injury, external iliac arteries of New Zealand White rabbits were stented. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess viral spread. Expression of LacZ was demonstrated with both vectors at five time points (3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). In the adenovirus group the median percentage of cells expressing the transgene on day 3 was 2.73%, which increased to a median expression of 7.31% at 28 days (p > 0.05). Expression was localized to medial cells on day 3, but was observed predominantly in neointimal cells on day 28. In the AAV group, day 3 expression was 5.78%, which decreased to 2.12% on day 28 (p = 0.05). No systemic dissemination of virus was seen in any group. Adenovirus- and AAV2-coated stents can be used to deliver genes to the blood vessel wall for up to 28 days.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2005

Renal artery stenosis is not associated with the development of acute renal failure following coronary artery bypass grafting.

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a frequent complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery and is strongly associated with perioperative morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that renal artery stenosis (RAS), causing occult renal ischemia, may be an important factor contributing to development of ARF after CABG surgery. METHODS: Preoperative and intraoperative data on 798 consecutive adult patients undergoing CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass from February 1, 1995 to February 1, 1997 (who had also undergone an abdominal aortogram for the evaluation of RAS) were recorded and entered into a computerized database. The development of ARF was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 1 mg/dL (88.4 micromol/L) above baseline postoperatively. The association between the presence of renal artery stenosis together with preoperative and intraoperative variables and the development of ARF was assessed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 798 patients underwent isolated coronary bypass grafting, of which 18.7% demonstrated 50% or more RAS. ARF developed in 82 patients (10.2%), of which three (0.3%) required dialysis support. The mortality for patients who developed ARF was 14% (OR 15, P=0.0001) compared to 0.2% among those who did not develop ARF. The presence of renal artery stenosis of any severity ranging from unilateral 50% RAS to bilateral 95% RAS was not associated with the subsequent development of ARF. CONCLUSIONS: The development of ARF following CABG surgery is associated with high mortality. The presence of RAS does not appear to increase the risk for developing ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗