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Biomedical subjects

J de Oca

Publications and source records attributed to J de Oca.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Effect of energy administration on the amino acid level in the postoperative phase].

A total of 34 cancer patients, all of them subjected to radical surgery of the stomach or large bowel were studied. Group I (n = 5) received during the first postoperative days total parenteral nutrition with a caloric support of 35-45 kcal/kg/day and 12,5 gr N in a 8,5% L-aminoacid solution (Freamine II). Group II (n = 9) received an isotonic solution of 3% L-aminoacid without caloric support. Serum amino acids (AA) were determined daily (Perkin-Elmer KLA-1 Analyzer), as well as nitrogen balance (NB) and serum albumin (Alb) on the preoperative, 1st, and 6th postoperative day: Both groups experienced a progressive increase of serum AA during the period of study. Group II showed levels of branched-AA significantly higher than group I, as well as the total of essential-AA. MET, GLY and PHE were considerably elevated in both groups. ALA did not change in group I showing subnormal values in group II. NB was significantly higher in group I, but none of the groups studied has recovered the initial values of Alb after six days of treatment.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

[Duodenal reticulosarcoma (an unusual case of primary duodenal tumor)].

A rare case of primitiv mesenchimatous neoplasm of the duodenum is presented. After a review of the few cases reported in the literature, the authors emphasize the unspecificity of the clinical features and the diagnostic reliability of the fibroendoscopy. Alterations of the cellular immunity were presented in this case. The restricted posibilities of treatment in these highly malignant tumors are also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of plasma proteins in the postoperative follow-up of surgery on gastrointestinal tumors: the effect of nutritional support].

During the postoperative period after radical surgery on oesophagogastric (EG) or colorectal (CR) tumours, we have studied prospectively the influence that factors like protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM), the degree of stress and the characteristics of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may have on the postoperative levels of certain plasma proteins (PP), especially those of rapid turnover, like acute phase reactant proteins (APRP). 44 patients (23 EG and 21 CR) were assigned randomly to receive one of two regimes of isonitrogenated TPN (0.23 g/Kg weight/day) during the first six postoperative days. The only difference between the two regimes was the relationship Kcal/g N2 (Group I Kcal/g N2 = 100, Group II Kcal/g N2 = 150). The percentage of preoperative PCM was 45%. Apart from albumin (A) and transferrin (T), all the PP recovered their preoperative values on the 6th postoperative day, with very significant increases of haptoglobin (HP) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) (p less than 0.01). Previous MN, the types of surgery or the ratio Kcal/g N2 hardly modified this response. The cumulative nitrogen balance (CNB) was significantly more positive in patients with previous PCM (p less than 0.05), and in those who underwent EG surgery (p less than 0.05) and in those of GI (p less than 0.02). The rate of postoperative septic complications (PSC) was higher in EG and MN patients (p less than 0.01) and was manifested by significantly lower levels of fibronectin (F) and prealbumin (PA) (p less than 0.01). Preoperative values of A, PA and total proteins (TP) have been shown to have predictive value in PSC.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacterial translocation from the nutritional perspective].

A variety of situations involving loss of the physical integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier, excess intraluminal bacterial growth or immunological compromise of the host, have been shown experimentally to predispose to bacterial translocation. While colonization of the mesenteric ganglia is a mechanism which stimulates local immune defenses, distant colonization of other organs causes these defences to fail. In general, in the latter situation, a variety of factors must combine, notably the nutritional state or nutritional therapy. Protein malnutrition states do not alone generate bacterial translocation, but they do facilitate the distant dissemination of germs in situations such as endotoxemia. Bacterial translocation is objectivized after the prolonged use of total parenteral nutrition or of chemically defined non-fiber diets. The addition of fiber restores the architecture and physiology of the intestinal microvilli and prevents bacterial translocation in animals with a variety of morphological lesions of the intestinal barrier. While the results of the clinical studies are as yet not very conclusive, there is a clear link between bacteremia of intestinal origin and multiple organ failures. Nutritional support of patients with an acute metabolic compromise must, at least as inferred from the experimental studies, take account of the following factors: in the first place, the use of a preparation with a qualitatively and quantitatively suitable fiber content, to prevent atrophy of the intestinal villi; in the second place, the use of "scavenger" agents or physiological sweepers of the free radicals of oxygen, such as vitamin A, E or C or selenium; and, finally, day by day there is an increasing interest in the therapeutic use of substrates with immunomodulatory capacity, such as glutamine or arginine. On the other hand, the use must be questioned of substances such as Omega 3 series polyunsaturated fatty acids which are on their own able to increase lipidic peroxidation induced by free oxygen radicals.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗