Biomedical subjects

J Zhu

Publications and source records attributed to J Zhu.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

[A study on the etiology of Budd-Chiari syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the etiology of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) with finding in surgical operation. METHODS: Thirteen patients with BCS undertook direct vision membranectomy and reconstruction of inferior vena cava. The specimens were studied with light microscopy, electron microscope and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Membranous occluding changes, which thickness varying from 2 to 20mm, were found in the posthepatic segment of inferior vena cava during the operation. Thrombi in inferior vena cava were found in 7 cases, 3 of them with thrombi evenly extending to the root of hepatic vein. The compromised venous wall showed proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, hyalinization or mucoid degeneration under light microscopy, 9 of the 13 cases showed chronic infiltration of inflammatory cells. Copious collagenous fibers, few endothelial cells and mitochondria swelling were found with electron microscope. No immune complex (IgA, IgG, IgM) was observed by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that in these cases of BCS, occluding and stenosing lesions in the inferior vena cava were the outcome of thrombosis and its sequelae and local inflammation might be one of the reasons of thrombosis. There was no evidence of congenital malformation.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Measurement of liver volume and its clinical significance in cirrhotic patients].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether, preoperative measurement of liver volume is of value to the evaluation of tolerance to operation and long-term prognosis in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. METHODS: We assessed liver volume in 18 cirrhotics and 31 noncirrhotic controls with 3-dimensional shaded surface display by CT twin. RESULTS: The liver volume in controls was positively correlated to the height (r = 0.42, P < 0.05). The average of liver volume in controls was (1 070.68 +/- 227.52) cm(3) and was different from that of cirrhotics (797.02 +/- 135.11) cm(3) (P < 0.05). Liver volume of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension was related to their Child classification. The liver volume of patients in Child C group was significantly smaller than that of patients of Child B group. CONCLUSIONS: The patients with smaller liver volume are likely complicated by encephalopathy after shunting procedure. However, the liver volume is not significantly correlated with portal blood flux and portosystemic shunt index.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Plasma level of glucagon in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension during operation of portacaval shunts].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the plasma level of glucagon in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension during operation of portacaval shunts. METHODS: Plasma level of glucagon in the portal venous, peripheral venous and arterial blood in cirrhotic patients (n = 16) and control patients (n = 16) was measured by radioimmunoassay respectively. RESULTS: The glucagon ratio (pg/ml) of the hepatic cirrhosis group before, during after operation 3 days after operation, 7 days after operation was observed portal venous blood: (189.2 +/- 58.7) pg/ml, (196.1 +/- 54.2) pg/ml vs. (101.9 +/- 44.8) pg/ml, (98.2 +/- 34.1) pg/ml (P < 0.01); peripheral venous blood (184.1 +/- 48.2) pg/ml, (187.5 +/- 42.8) pg/ml vs. (102.4 +/- 34.7) pg/ml, (95.2 +/- 24.9) pg/ml (P < 0.01); arterial blood: (186.3 +/- 51.3) pg/ml, (183.5 +/- 54.2) pg/ml vs. (103.4 +/- 36.3) pg/ml, (93.9 +/- 30.6) pg/ml (P < 0.01). The portal vein pressure was positively correlated to the plasma level of glucagon in portal venous blood of cirrhosis (r = 0.57, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglucagonemia may be caused by the decreased glucagon metabolism in cirrhotic liver and hypersecretion of pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract. Hyperglucagonemia may be amended after portacaval shunts.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[The application of BTA stat in the diagnosis of bladder tumor and hematuria].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the value of the Bard BTA Stat for the diagnosis of bladder tumor and hematuria in order to find a new, noninvasive examination method. METHODS: BTA Stat, an one step monoclonal antibody immunofluorescence analysis that qualitatively detects the presence of bladder tumor associated antigen (hCFHrp), was used. 65 patients with hematuria, 71 patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma, and 10 normal people underwent voided urine BTA Stat analysis. RESULTS: The specificity of the technique for patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma and hematuria was 84.6% and 31.1% respectively, with a sensitivity of 73.7% and 90.0% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: BTA Stat was considered a convenient, rapid and noninvasive method in the diagnosis of bladder tumor. However, the results were interfered by the presence of erythrocyte in urine, infection, urinary lithiasis. This method is proved to be useful in the surveillance of bladder tumor.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[The effect of sandostatin and 5-fluorouracil on apoptosis in breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 5-FU plus sandostatin on apoptosis in breast cancer. METHODS: Breast cancer samples from 16 patients were treated with 5-FU (10 microg/ml) and sandostatin (0.1 microg/ml) in vitro using the in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay (TDT) to detect apoptosis. The patients were female (mean age 54.4 years). In the 16 patients, 10 had positive estrogen receptor (ER) and positive progestogen receptor (PR), and the rest had negative ER and PR. RESULTS: 18 hours after addition of 5-FU, sandostatin and both, the apoptotic rate of tumor cells was (21.8 +/- 6.6)%, (14.3 +/- 8.8)%, and (26.7 +/- 6.9)% respectively. When samples were divided into 2 groups according to the sensitivity of ER and PR, the apoptotic rate of 5-FU plus sandostatin was (32.2 +/- 7.9)%, in positive ER and PR group, but (20.5 +/- 5.5)% in negative ER and PR group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 5-FU plus sandostatin is more sensitive in the positive ER and PR group than in the negative ER and PR group. 5-FU plus sandostatin would be helpful in the biotherapy of breast cancer patients with positive ER and PR.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Experimental study of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and applied anatomy of posterior rami of lumbar nerves].

OBJECTIVE: To determine points of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves and to choose an effective temperature at which the conduction of painful impulse can be blocked. METHODS: The posterior rami of the lumbar nerves were dissected in 15 corpses of adults. The ultrastructure of nerve fibres, changes of sensary conduction velocity (SCV) and the waveform of the unmedullated fibres which conduct painful impulse (c wave) were observed after the sciatic nerves of rabbits were coagulated at various temperatures (60 degrees C, 70 degrees C, 80 degrees C, 90 degrees C). RESULTS: "Transverse Process Root Area" and "Transverse Process Point" can be regarded as primary marks of thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves. Stimulation of square-wave can make the location more accurate. While the temperature of thermocoagulation reached 80 degrees C, none of painful afferent nerve fibres survived. CONCLUSIONS: With accurate location and good control of temperature, radiofrequency thermocoagulation will be an effective therapy for the patients suffering from pain resulted from pathological changes of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Detection and proliferation of hemorrhagic fever virus in chigger mites].

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of Leptotromhidium scutellaris as a vector in transmission of hemorrhagic fever. METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization technique were used to detect RNA of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus (HFRSV). TCID(50)/ml of HFRSV were titrated for larva and nymph of chigger mites periodically. RESULTS: RNA of HFRSV was detected in the tissues of chigger mites, such as ovary cells, etc. by PCR and in situ hybridization. Titration of TCID(50)/ml showed that HFRSV could be transmitted transstadially and proliferated in chigger mites. CONCLUSION: It provides direct evidence at molecular level for the role of chigger mite as a vector in transmission of HFRSV with theoretical and practical importance in prevention of HFRS.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[The amyloidosis in cardiac conduction system].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between arrhythmia, cardiac failure and amyloidosis of cardiac conduction system (CCS). METHODS: CCS from 6 cases with cardiac amyloidosis were sampled using technique designed by the authors. The CCS were studied by Congo red staining and polarization microscopy. RESULTS: Pathological changes could be found in the CCS of these 6 cases. It was serious in sino-atrial node while slight in atrio-ventricular conduction system. The changes in atrio-ventricular conduction system were exacerbated from proximal part (atrio-ventricular node) to distal part (left bundle branch). In the 3 cases with sinus bradycardia and conduction blocking manifested by electrocardiogram, the pathological changes in CCS were more extensive and serious than that of other cases. CONCLUSION: The amyloidosis in CCS is one of the pathological bases of arrhythmia.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

[The analysis of pathological changes of cardiac conduction system in 54 cases of cardiac sudden deaths].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the exact cause of death in cases of cardiac sudden deaths. METHODS: Sampling of cardiac conduction system (CCS) designed by the research group was adopted. The CCS of 120 cases died of cardiac sudden deaths were collected for routine histological examination. RESULTS: In 54 out of 120 cases, the causes of death were attributed to lesions present in the CCS, and 85.2% of them were young adults. The peak age range was from 20 - 30. Much more in males (6.7:1). The pathological changes in CCS include: inflammation (46.2%), fatty infiltration, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with CCS changes; hemorrhage, developmental anomalies, fibrosis and tumors. CONCLUSION: The pathological changes of CCS are relatively common, as the cause of sudden deaths. Which is considered to be the pathological basis of the unstable cardiac electric potentials and arrhythmia. This study recommended the necessity of routine examination on CCS in cases of sudden deaths.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Plasma Lp (a) levels and correlation of Lp (a) with fibrinolysis activation in chronic renal failure].

Plasma Lp (a) concentration and activation of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) were determined in 50 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 50 healthy subjects. The results demonstrated that plasma concentration of Lp(a) was significantly higher and plasma t-PA activation was significantly lower in CRF patients than in healthy subjects. With multivariate analyses, plasma Lp(a) concentration was positively correlated with the total amount of 24 h uric protein, plasma BUN and uric protein concentration. Moreover, a negative significant correlation between plasma Lp(a) levels and t-PA activation was observed. Plasma Lp(a) levels did not show a correlation to PAI-1 activation. It is indicated that renal function may contribute to moderate plasma Lp(a) concentration and elevated Lp(a) levels may be related with fibrinolytic impairment.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Studies on variations of alkaloids in zhebeimu (Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.) by improved colormetric determination].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the seasonal variation of active alkaloids in Zhebeimu(F. thunbergii) collected from Zhejiang Ninbo and Jiangsu Nantong, and confirm the suitable harvesting time for the crude drug. METHOD: Determining the alkaloid contents in the samples of Zebeimu collected monthly from the above-said twoplaces by improved colormetric method. RESULT: The alkaloid accumulation patterns of the samples from two places are very similar, with the highest contents appearing in samples collected in January of February, and the absolute amounts in samples harvested in May. CONCLUSION: The optimum time for harvesting Zhebeimu is in May.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1999

[Observation on the immune function of circulating red cells of patients with periodontal diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the relation between the causes of periodontal diseases and the immune function of red blood cells (RBC). METHODS: The functional state of SOD activity, red blood cell C3b receptor rosstte (C3bR), red cell immune complex rosstte (RBCICR), RBC immune adherence enhance factor (RFER) and RBC immune adherence inhibitor factor (RFIR) of red cells from the systemic circulation of patients with periodontal diseases were determined and compared with the normal control group. RESULTS: The SOD activity C3bR and RFER of red cells were lower, while RFIR and RBCICR were higher for patients with periodontal diseases comparing to the normal control. CONCLUSION: It indicates that the compromised function of red cells may contribute to the initiation and development of periodontal diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Spherical phenyl-regenerated cellulose stationary phases used for hydrophobic chromatography to extract bramelain from crude stem bramelain].

The low-pressure preparative hydrophobic chromatography packing materials have been successfully synthesized by grafting hydrophobic phenyl group to the macro-pore Spherical Regenerated Cellulose Resin (diameter 0.7-1.3 mm, pore size 4.3-15.7 microns, specific surface area 88 m2/g). The optimum adsorption-desorption conditions have been got by using 10 mL of this hydrophobic resin to deal with 100 mL of the crude stem bramelain: the mobile phase pH is around 5.0, concentration of (NH4)2SO4 is 1.5 mol/L; and the pH of total eluate is 8.0. While the hydrophobic column is operated according to the following steps: 1. use 0.1 mol/L NaAc-HAc(pH 4.8) and 1.5 mol/L (NH4)2SO4 solution to soak resin for more than 30 min; 2. let 100 mL of the extracted liquor of pineapple skin, which contains the same concentration of salt as 1, pass through the hydrophobic column; 3. use 20 mL of the same solution as 1 to wash the impurities in proteins, which are not adsorbed by the hydrophobic column; 4. use 30 mL of eluant, which contains 67 mmol/L NaOH and 50 mmol/L Na2CO3-NaHCO3(pH 10.28), to elute the adsorbed bramelain, and the initial 5 mL of the eluate is discarded; 5. soak the hydrophobic column with 0.5 mol/L NaOH + 20% (volume fraction) C2H5OH for 30 min, then wash it with water, and soak it with 0.5 mol/L HCl for 30 min, at last use water to wash it to neutrality for next use. We can get enriched bramelain of 4.4 fold activity, moreover the total enzyme activity recovery is more than 120%. The Phenyl-Spherical Regenerated Cellulose Resin can be used at the pH from 1 to 13; As it has a high rigidity and big size, it can be operated under low-pressure condition; It has a larger specific surface area and a higher separation efficiency for natural bramelain; After it has been used repeatedly for more than 50 times, its efficiency does not fall. Moreover, it is cheap to be produced.

Ananas↗

PubMed1999

[Experimental study of ablation effect on canine esophagus irradiated by pulsed Ho:YAG laser].

To evaluate the influence of power, irradiation time, energy of per pulse and frequency on ablation effect of pulsed Ho:YAG laser, five canine esophagi were studied. We irradiated the mucosa in different power and different irradiation time. For the same power, the samples were divided into two groups: the high energy per pulse low frequency (H)group and the low energy per pulse high frequency (L)group. The two groups were paired. We compared the effects of ablation effect in different laser settings. The results reveal that the ablation effect is positively correlated to the power and irradiation time. The ablation in H group is more obviouse than that in L group. When Ho:YAG is used in high power, ablation is the main biological effect.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Effects of temperature on the vasoconstrictive force of norepinephrine in rat aorta].

This study aimed at the influence of temperature on the vasoconstrictive effect of norepinephrine on rings of rat aorta and at the cause of the change observed. At the temperatures of 39.5 degrees C, 36.5 degrees C and 33.0 degrees C respectively, the vasoconstrictive force-time curve induced by norepinephrine and the equation of function were fitted. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed by F test. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01) among the three groups for relation constant X1 of function equation, but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was noted among the three groups for relation constant X2. Our experiments demonstrated that norepinephrine-induced vasoconstrictive force, in rat aorta, was obviously modulated by temperature. As the temperature of rat aorta was raised, the vasoconstrictive force and vasoconstrictive speed increased, and the effects of norepinephrine on vasculature were raised. The results suggest that the constant X1 for vasoconstrictive force is a factor sensitive to temperature.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Expression in Lactococcus lactis of catalytically active phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from parsley].

The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) cDNA of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) was subcloned into constitutive expression vector pMG36e downstream of the P32 promoter. The resulting plasmid pMG36ePAL was introduced into Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MG1363 by electroporation. The recombinant strain showed its PAL activity conversing the L-phenylalanine in the culture medium into trans-cinnamic acid. A new secretory vector pXHS was constructed by recombination of pMG36e with a Lactococcal usp45 secretion leader coding sequence and a translational coupling sequence. Then the pXHSPAL was constructed and used for expression of PAL in L. lactis, the PAL activity was also detectable. The L. lactis dnaJ promoter sequence was cloned and used to construct a heat inducible vector pXHJ. PAL cDNA was cloned into pXHJ and the L. lactis IL1403 was transformed with the recombinant plasmid pXHJPAL. After a heat shock from 30 degrees C to 37 degrees C, the PAL activity of the pXHJPAL strain could increase approximately onefold. The prospect of using these engineering L. lactis strains for PKU therapy was also discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

[Screening of acidic xylanase producing strain and studies on its enzyme production conditions].

From 150 fungal strains, the authors found 8 strains contained mainly of xylanase activity over 100 U/mL in which the No. 149 strain was the highest xylanase producer. Which tentatively identified as Aspergillas niger. The appropriate medium composition was as follows: wheat bran hemicellulose 4%; NaNO3 1%; wheat bran 1% prepared in Mandels nutritional solution without (NH4)2SO4 and urea. After cultivated in shake-flask at 28 degrees C-32 degrees C for 60 h, the activity reached the highest value of 357.2 U/mL. The optimum pH of xylanase was 4.6 and it was stable at pH3-11. The fermented broth of strain 149 contained in addition to xylanase (relative activity 100) also included amylase(1.8), mannanase(0.98), beta-xylosidase(0.94) and cellulase(0.17).

Aspergillus niger↗

PubMed1999

[Adhesive otitis media with cholesteatoma].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of cholesteatoma formation in adhesive otitis media with cholesteartoma. METHOD: Three cases of this kind of disease were reported and literatures were also reviewed. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: 1. It is a acquired primary cholesteatoma. 2. The eustachian tube and tympanic isthmus block are the direct cause of these cholesteatoma. 3. CT examination of the temporal bone is more valuable in diagnosis than that of normal X-ray. 4. If the cholesteatoma lesions can be removed completly, tympanoplasty may be performed in first stage or separate stage.

Adult↗