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Biomedical subjects

J Zadrazil

Publications and source records attributed to J Zadrazil.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Establishment of arteriovenous anastomoses with interposition of ePTFE (Goretex) prostheses].

The authors remind of the possibility to establish an arteriovenous anastomosis by interposition of an ePTFE prosthesis into the subclavian to brachial artery with an outflow into the subclavian or internal jugular vein. The method is suitable for case when the autologous circulation is exhausted and calls for perfect peroperative evaluation of the vascular system of the patient with subsequent careful monitoring of the function of the anastomosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Erythropoietin and erythropoiesis after kidney transplantation].

In a group of 15 patients after the first transplantation of a cadaverous kidney the authors monitored for the period of one month the serum erythropoietin concentration (Epo), haemoglobin levels (Hb), the haematocrit (Ht) and serum creatinine (Cr). The objective of the investigation was to evaluate in relation to serum concentrations of Epo and the function of the graft. Erythropoietin was examined by the authors own method before and after transplantation during the first 10 days daily and then on the 12th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th day. Normal values are 22-44 mU/ml. The mean Epo value before transplantation was 41.9 +/- 18.8 mU/ml. After transplantation the highest mean value of Epo was recorded on the second day when it reached a value of 102.8 +/- 144 mU/ml. The mean Epo serum concentration at the end of the study was 45.9 +/- 20.9 mU/ml and did not differ significantly from values recorded before transplantation. Between Hb and Ht values and Epo serum concentrations no correlation was revealed. Conversely, statistical analysis revealed a close inverse relationship between the drop of creatininaemia and the rise of Hb and Ht values. From the results of the investigation ensues that the decisive condition for the onset of the erythropoietic response after renal transplantation is adjustment of the milieu interiéur, induced by the restored excretory function of the graft which creates prerequisites for a normal response of the bone marrow to Epo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Stenosis and thrombosis of the central venous tract as a cause of manifestations of venous hypertension after establishment of an arteriovenous anastomosis for hemodialysis].

The authors draw attention to stenoses and occlusions of the central venous tract (subclavicular and brachiocephalic vein) which may be the cause of manifestations of venous hypertension on the upper extremity after establishment of an arteriovenous anastomosis for haemodialysis. In patients where this condition is suspected, careful preoperative examination of the venous circulation is essential. Possible treatment is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical importance of the paraprotein index in multiple myeloma].

In a group of 54 patients with multiple myeloma, hitherto not treated by chemotherapy, the paraprotein index was assessed. It was revealed that this simple and readily available indicator is related to the degree of anaemia, the serum beta-2-microglobulin value, the degree of bone marrow infiltration by myeloma plasmocytes and the survival period. The authors found no relation to age, albumin, urea, creatinine, serum calcium values and degree of skeletal affection. It was revealed that values of the paraprotein index declined with the advancing disease evaluated according to Durie-Salmon's system. It may be said that the paraprotein index can be considered in patients with multiple myeloma an indicator which contributes to more profound knowledge of individual biological characteristics of the myeloma population and the prognosis of the disease.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[The role of iron deficiency on the development of anemia in patients on regular dialysis therapy].

In the course of regular dialyzation treatment very frequently iron deficiency develops. The objective of the work was to evaluate the participation of sideropenia in the development of the hypoproliferative component of anaemia and to evaluate the effectiveness of oral iron administration in a group of 24 dialyzed patients whose serum ferritin concentration was lower than 100 micrograms/l. Administration of 105 mg elemental iron per day (1 tablet of Ferronat retard, Spofa) for a period of 6 months led in 17 patients (71%) to a statistically significant increase of erythrocytes, serum ferritin, the iron plasma level and transferrin saturation. In these patients the mean haemoglobin value increased from 65 +/- 6 milligrams to 105 +/- 17 milligrams (increase by 40 milligrams), the mean number of red cells increased from 2.6 +/- 0.4 x 10(12)/l to 3.5 +/- 0.7 x 10(12)/l (increase by 0.9 x 10(12)/l) and the mean haematocrit increased from the initial value of 0.21 +/- 0.02 to 0.31 +/- 0.05 (increase by 0.10). In seven patients (29%) after oral substitution of iron deficiency no significant rise of any of the investigated indicators was observed. Four subjects of this group responded by a rise of red blood cells to intravenous iron administration and in the remaining three patients anaemia was favourably influenced by administration of recombinant erythropoietin (Eprex, Cilag). The results of the investigation provide conclusive evidence that iron deficiency plays a very important part in the development of anaemia in hemodialyzed patients. Substitution treatment with iron preparations extends the opportunities to treat anaemia during regular dialyzation treatment and is at the same time also very important from the economical aspect as it makes more expedient selection of patients suited for recombinant erythropoietin treatment possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Indications for arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis].

In the course of a 13-year period, 295 fistulas had been introduced for hemodialysis. In 32 patients with hypoplastic vessels or with insufficient arterial flux on the distal forearm and from other reasons, the fistula was introduced in the cubital fovea. This type of fistula has a distal flux into the antebrachial vessels. The obtained results are promising, complications being sporadic.

Arteries↗
PubMed1993

[Late complications for hemodialysis specific arteriovenous fistulas].

Late complications of the arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis occur after the AV fistulas development and functioning. The following complications are frequent: stenoses and late thromboses, hemorrhage, inflammatory complications, aneurysms and undesirable hemodynamic consequences of the fistulas. A good functioning of the fistula requires an early diagnosis of the complication and a prompt surgical intervention at the clinic where these operations are made routinely.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1993

[Alport's syndrome].

After a historical introduction the authors analyze contemporary views on the aetiology, pathogenesis and genetics, they characterize the clinical picture and histopathological findings in Alport's syndrome. They emphasize that Alport's syndrome is more frequent than generally reported and that it deserves therefore appropriate attention in the differential diagnosis of renal diseases. They draw attention to the results of most recent genetic research which makes it possible to detect gene carriers of Alport's syndrome as well as early prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of this most frequently progressing hereditary nephritis.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Monitoring immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. II. Evaluation of simultaneous monitoring of CD4+ lymphocytes and the cytological reaction to standard antigenic stimulation].

Monitoring of patients after renal transplantations by the concurrent follow up of absolute values of CD4+ lymphocytes and the cytological reaction to an antigenic stimulation in a skin abrasion reflects the actual immune state of patients and is an asset in the comprehensive diagnosis of rejection activity against the transplant in the early period (6-8 weeks) after transplantation. It can contribute also to the signalling of developing rejection activity against the graft, before the onset of the fully developed clinical picture of rejection, when it is possible by early anti-rejection therapy to prevent the functional impairment of the renal graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The significance of plasmapheresis in the treatment of acute liver failure].

The authors describe the use of plasmapheresis in the treatment of acute hepatic failure in viral hepatitis with a fulminant course. Plasmapheresis was used with regard to severe trombocytopenia and manifestations of haemorrhagic diathesis. In the discussion they draw attention to the importance of supportive methods in the treatment of acute hepatic failure and to perspectives of liver transplantations in this context.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Stratification of multiple myeloma according to serum beta 2-microglobulin and serum albumin levels.

In 71 patients with multiple myeloma the authors evaluated the clinical significance and the prognostic relevance of Bataille's stratification system based on serum beta 2-microglobulin and serum albumin levels. This staging system, which classified the patients to low, intermediate and poor risk groups (stages 1-3) showed a rather small prognostic significance, and it stratified our myeloma patients unsatisfactorily. On the basis of the results of our own analyses, we have developed our own modification of a pilot stratification system. We have verified its good clinical applicability and its powerful prognostic prediction. In this study, the good prognostic significance of serum beta 2-microglobulin and albumin levels (with the best cut-off levels of 4.0 mg/l and 35.0 g/l) and a good correlation between both analysed markers were confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in some patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

The group of 156 patients undergoing upper endoscopy at the Department of Central Endoscopy, University Hospital in Olomouc was followed up for determination of HP status by means of the methods of culture, microscopic examination and determination of specific IgG antibodies by ELISA method. Prevalence of HP was determined in individual groups of the series under study (peptic gastroduodenal lesion, antral gastritis of type B, duodenitis) and in subjects with normal endoscopic finding. The most frequent HP positivity was established by the method of specific antibodies determination by ELISA, then microscopic evidence of HP and finally culture. In the whole series under study HP positivity was found in 59.6% (bacteriology) and 79.8% (ELISA method). The highest HP bacteriological positivity was recorded in antral gastritis of type B (87.1%), or 100% (ELISA method). Individuals with normal endoscopic finding were HP positive in 24.2%, by serology in 38.8%. The group of 25 dialyzed patients with chronic renal insufficiency was HP positive in 28%, by serology in 53.3%.

Adult↗