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Biomedical subjects

J Yvart

Publications and source records attributed to J Yvart.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Iron deficiency in infants. Study of risk factors].

A study of iron deficiency was carried out in two districts in Paris among 207 children aged 10 months recruited from two well-baby out-patient clinics. The main results are as follows: 12% of children were anemic, ferritin was low in 21% and 40% had a borderline deficiency, as shown by a decrease in siderophilin saturation. The average daily milk intake was greater among the immigrants, but this group, being mainly fed whole cow milk with no iron supplementation, had a lower iron intake overall. A positive correlation was found between the percentage of ingested iron-supplemented formulas and the mean corpuscular volume or serum iron levels. Iron deficiency was more frequent in children born to multiparous mothers and in the absence of any iron supplement during pregnancy. Weight gain was inversely correlated to ferritin levels, suggesting a major role of fast growth on iron metabolism.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1983

Hepatitis B virus DNA in children's liver diseases: detection by blot hybridisation in liver and serum.

Molecular hybridisation using cloned hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) was applied to liver and serum samples from 46 children (39 with liver diseases and seven controls) for detection of HBV DNA sequences, free and integrated into the liver cell genome. HBV DNA integration was observed in 10 children. The young age of some of these cases indicates that such integration can occur early in liver disease and is not related to the duration of viral infection. Thirteen children exhibited serological evidence of active viral multiplication. All but one had free HBV DNA in liver tissue and integrated HBV DNA sequences were found in four cases. Integrated HBV DNA sequences alone were also detected in three children with neither HBV-antigens nor HBV DNA in serum. One had inactive cirrhosis, and the two others, chronic active hepatitis. Consequently DNA hybridisation may be useful for diagnosis, in the absence of serological signs of HBV infection; its specificity was enhanced in the present investigation by negative results in six children with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Taken together, the above results imply that HBV-DNA integration can occur in both active and inactive liver disease. Integrated HBV DNA was also observed in the liver of three children with fatal hepatic failure who presented with antibodies to HBsAg and/or to hepatitis B core antigen in the serum. This finding raises the question of the relationship between the host immune factors and the state of HBV DNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of ranitidine on secretion of gastric intrinsic factor and absorption of vitamin B 12].

The effects of ranitidine, a new potent histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on gastric intrinsic factor (IF) secretion and protein-bound cobalamin absorption were evaluated in 6 patients with duodenal ulcer, before, during and after discontinuation of ranitidine therapy. Oral ranitidine (150 mg twice a day) resulted in a non significant decrease of IF concentration and IF output but was responsible for malabsorption of protein-bound cobalamin. This malabsorption was reversible upon discontinuation of ranitidine. These results indicate that occurrence of cobalamin deficiency cannot be excluded during long-term ranitidine treatment and emphasize the need for careful follow-up in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Serum immune complexes and cardiopulmonary bypass. A review of thirty-four cases (author's transl)].

The immunologic status of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass as investigated. Rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulinemia and serum immune complexes were looked for. Studies were performed before the operation and eight or fifteen days later. From the results, it is concluded that the immunologic changes that occur in the immediate postoperative period cannot be interpreted because of the profound modifications resulting from cardiopulmonary bypass.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Effect of folate deficiency on vitamin B12 absorption.

In three different groups of patients presenting severe folate deficiency (purely nutritional folate deficiency, chronic alcoholism or various intestinal diseases), vitamin B12 absorption has been tested by Schilling test in order to investigate the possible effect of folate deficiency on B12 absorption. Following this study, it appears that folate deficiency in itself, even severe, cannot induce vitamin B12 malabsorption, since in the first group, consisting of malnourished old people, the Schilling test was always normal even in those who presented a lowered B12 serum level; in the group of patients with intestinal disease, the Schilling test was abnormal as expected in some patients; 3 alcoholics out of 12 presented a malabsorption of B12 on the Schilling test; the follow-up of 2 of them exhibited complete correction after normal diet and alcohol suppression. Consequently, folate deficiency does not seem responsible for a secondary B12 malabsorption unless another etiological factor is present, such as alcohol or ileopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

131I rose bengal: its use in the evaluation of infantile jaundice.

One-hundred ten 131I-rose bengal studies (RBI) were performed in infants suspected of having biliary atresia. Fecal RBI excretion of less than 10% was observed in 72 of 73 cases of extrahepatic biliary atresia, but also in 10 of 37 cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of various origins. One-hundred twenty-two RBI tests were performed in children operated on for extrahepatic biliary atresia and 71 tests were performed between postsurgical weeks 3 and 8, and 51 tests were done later. Prognostically, early tests show that fecal RBI excretion of more than 15% was observed in 2 of 34 cases who were later completely jaundice-free and in only 1 of 37 cases where no bile flow restoration occurred.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1981

The Rose Bengal test in neonatal cholestasis: diagnostic and prognostic value.

131I Rose Bengal(131IRB) studies were performed in 73 infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and in 37 with intrahepatic cholestasis of various origins. Fecal 131IRB excretion of less than 10% ("complete' cholestasis) was observed in EHBA but also in some patients with either paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts (syndromatic type) or with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Seventy one 131IRB tests were also performed 3 to 8 weeks postoperatively in children operated on for EHBA. Fecal 131IRB excretion more than 15% was present in 27 out of 34 cases who were later completely jaundice free and in only one out of 37 cases where no bile flow restoration occurred. These results indicate that complete cholestasis in infants can be observed in some types of intrahepatic cholestasis, as well as in EHBA, and show that a post-operative 131IRB test is a reliable means of predicting complete restoration of bile flow in EHBA.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1980

Catabolism of human fibrinogen fragment D in normal subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis.

The catabolism of human fragment D, (FgD), obtained by plasmin digestion of fibrinogen has been investigated in normal subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis and the results compared with those obtained for fibrinogen (Fg). Fg was labelled with I-125 and Fg D with I-131 using the chloramine T method. The plasma disappearance curves of both labelled proteins fitted a two exponential curve. In controls the plasma clearance rate of Fg D was greater than that of Fg as shown by the marked difference between the half-lives of these two tracers: 8,9 and 83,5 hours for Fg D and Fg respectively. The fractional catabolic rate of Fg D was 3.38 times the plasma pool per day. In nine patients with liver cirrhosis, catabolism of Fg was not modified. In contrast, catabolism of Fg D was significantly reduced with a half life of 13.0 hours and a low fractional catabolic rate. These results suggest the role of the liver in the catabolism of Fg D in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The Lewis system: New histocompatibility antigens in renal transplantation.

Lewis antigen types (Le, le) were retrospectively determined in 255 first-kidney-transplant recipients. Actuarial survival of grafts at two years was significantly lower in the le/le recipients than in the Le recipients. This indicates that mismatching of these antigens contributes to rejection of kidney transplants. The effects of mismatching for the Lewis and HLA antigen systems seemed to be additive.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1978

Role of bilirubin overproduction in revealing Gilbert's syndrome: is dyserythropoiesis an important factor?

Gilbert's syndrome was diagnosed in 37 patients with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia without overt haemolysis or structural liver abnormality, who had a marked reduction in hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity (B-GTA) (as compared with that of 23 normal subjects). No significant correlation existed in these patients between serum bilirubin level and the values of B-GTA, thus suggesting that factors other than a low B-GTA must influence the degree of hyperbilirubinaemia in Gilbert's syndrome. Studies of 51Cr erythrocyte survival and 59Fe kinetics in 10 unselected patients demonstrated slight haemolysis in eight, whereas mild ineffective erythropoiesis was suggested in all from a low 24-hour incorporation of radioactive iron into circulating red cells. This overproduction of bilirubin resulting from mild haemolysis and perhaps dyserythropoiesis might reflect only an extreme degree of the normal situation. It certainly contributes to the hyperbilirubinaemia of Gilbert's syndrome and may play a major role in the manifestation of this condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Role of the Lewis (Le-le) and secretor (Se-se) systems in the rejection of kidney grafts].

ABH and Lewis antigens are secreted in distal convoluted and collector tubes of the kidney. The renal ABH secretion is genetically controlled by the Se-se system, while the Lewis specificities are controlled by the Le-le system. The secretory status of the recipient does not modify the probability of graft survival, while the Lewis phenotype seems to play a major role in rejection. The probability of graft survival at 2 years in le-le homozygous recipients (29%) is much lower than that of Le recipients (58%) p less than 0.01.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1977

[Proteins and blood volume after cardiac surgery under ECC and hemodilution].

The variations in protein, bodyweight and circulating blood volume during operation are studied in 18 patients operated under ECC. The frequency of hypovolemia with hypoproteinemia and over hydration of the interstitial medium is confirmed. The prolongation of ECC beyond 120 minutes is accompanied by a considerable reduction in the plasma sector. The frequency of hypovolemia must render the use of diuretics prudent. The existence of hypoproteinemia and interstitial overload suggests the value of albumin perfusions.

Blood↗