Biomedical subjects

J Y Ro

Publications and source records attributed to J Y Ro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the adult kidney. Part I: Benign renal epithelial neoplasms.

The spectrum of renal neoplasms has expanded in recent years. Although most of the work taking place in this field has concerned malignant neoplasms of the kidney, there have been significant improvements in our knowledge of benign renal tumors and tumor-like lesions, especially in renal cell adenoma, renal oncocytoma, and renal angiomyolipoma. Awareness and knowledge of these benign lesions is important because they are often included in the differential diagnoses of malignant tumors, with which they may be confused both clinically and pathologically. The authors review the topic of benign renal neoplasms and tumor-like lesions that occur in adults, emphasizing some of the newly described aspects of these lesions.

Adenofibroma↗

PubMed1999

Cellular neurothekeoma with possible neuroendocrine differentiation.

We report a case of cellular neurothekeoma showing unusual immunohistochemical findings and occurring on the left upper arm of a healthy 48-year-old woman. She presented with a 1 cm, red, asymptomatic, dermal nodule of 1 year duration. A biopsy showed dermal proliferation of plexiform fascicles of spindle-shaped or polygonal cells with plentiful eosinophilic cytoplasms. The immunohistochemical profile included negative stains for S-100, CD34, factor XIIIa, CD68, HMB45, cytokeratins, and EMA, strongly positive stains for neuron specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin, and chromogranin A, and focally positive ones for NKI/C3 and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructural analysis showed undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with cytoplasmic projections and abundant RER. Although we couldn't find any confirmative cell type in this cellular tumor, we believe that cellular neurothekeoma is predominantly composed of undifferentiated cells that can exhibit features of neuroendocrine cells in addition to fibroblastic or myofibroblastic ones, suggesting a divergent cell origin.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMed1999

Paclitaxel resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer associated with beta-tubulin gene mutations.

PURPOSE: The mechanisms that cause chemoresistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have yet to be clearly elucidated. Paclitaxel is a tubulin-disrupting agent that binds preferentially to beta-tubulin. Tubulins are guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins. Beta-tubulin is a GTPase, whereas alpha-tubulin has no enzyme activity. We reasoned that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the beta-tubulin gene could reveal more information regarding the connection between beta-tubulin mutations and primary paclitaxel resistance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Constitutional genomic DNA and paired tumor DNA were isolated from 49 biopsies from 43 Spanish and six American stage IIIB and IV NSCLC patients who had been treated with a 3-hour, 210 mg/m(2) paclitaxel infusion and a 24-hour, 200 mg/m(2) infusion, respectively. Oligonucleotides specific to beta-tubulin were designed for PCR amplification and sequencing of GTP- and paclitaxel-binding beta-tubulin domains. RESULTS: Of 49 patients with NSCLC, 16 (33%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 20.7% to 45.3%) had beta-tubulin mutations in exons 1 (one patient) or 4 (15 patients). None of the patients with beta-tubulin mutations had an objective response, whereas 13 of 33 (39.4%; 95% CI, 22.8% to 56%; P = 0.01) patients without beta-tubulin mutations had complete or partial responses. Median survival was 3 months for the 16 patients with beta-tubulin mutations and 10 months for the 33 patients without beta-tubulin mutations (P =.0001). CONCLUSION: We have identified beta-tubulin gene mutations as a strong predictor of response to the antitubulin drug paclitaxel; these mutations may represent a novel mechanism of resistance and should be examined prospectively in future trials of taxane-based therapy in NSCLC.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid glands: a case report with clinical manifestation of recurrent neck mass.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a recently recognized malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland. About 14 cases of SMECE have been reported and this is the first reported case in Korea. A 57-year-old woman presented with right neck mass for 20 years. Total thyroidectomy was performed under the impression of thyroid carcinoma. The resected thyroid gland showed a poorly circumscribed hard mass. Histologically, the tumor consisted of solid nests of large atypical cells with dense fibrous stroma. The tumor cells showed squamoid appearance with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. There were also rare mucin-containing cells within the nests. Within the hyalinized stroma, numerous eosinophils were found. The surrounding thyroid parenchyma displayed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. There was metastasis in a regional lymph node. Two years after initial surgery, she underwent a modified radical neck dissection due to recurrent neck mass. After the radiation therapy for eight weeks, laryngectomy and esophagectomy were performed due to a recurrent carcinoma in the esophageal wall. We report an additional case of SMECE, with metastasis to regional lymph nodes and esophagus. The tumor appears to be more aggressive than previously reported and a correct diagnosis can be rendered by just examining the metastatic lesions.

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid↗

PubMed1999

Flow cytometric immunophenotyping in fine-needle aspiration of lymph nodes.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of lymph nodes has been regarded as a useful method in the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. However, this procedure has been shown to be of limited value in the diagnosis of low or intermediate grade malignant lymphomas in some studies. Immunophenotyping is an essential adjunct to cytomorphology for the diagnosis of lymphoma by FNA. Immunophenotyping using flow cytometry (FCM) is rapid, objective and reliable. Using FCM, multiparametric analysis of 33 FNA materials from lymph nodes was performed and profiles of surface markers of lymphoid cells were assessed. In reactive hyperplasia, patterns of cell surface markers were quite variable, but disclosed polyclonality. Most of the B-cell lymphomas showed immunophenotypes for B-cell lineages with their kappa: lambda or lambda: kappa ratio being over 3:1. In T-cell lymphomas, T-cell surface markers were predominantly expressed as well. In conclusion, our results suggest that immunophenotyping of lymph node aspirates is a valuable diagnostic adjunct for lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly in B-cell lymphomas because immunophenotyping can be easily and adequately performed by FCM.

Antigens, CD19↗

PubMed1999

Colonic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland: a case report with immunohistochemical investigation.

Clinically evident metastases of carcinomas to the thyroid gland are rare, particularly from a colorectal primary tumor. We present a case of colonic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland with histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings. A 68-year-old woman with a history of Dukes' stage B colon carcinoma presented a mass in the thyroid gland. The tumor was confirmed to be metastatic adenocarcinoma from the colon. The immunohistochemical findings demonstrated positive staining for cytokeratin 20, low-molecular-weight cytokeratin, villin and carcinoembryonic antigen, but stains were negative for cytokeratin 7 and thyroglobulin.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

Chondroblastoma of the temporal bone: a clinicopathologic study of five cases.

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor. It commonly affects the epiphysis of long bones during the second and third decades of life. Chondroblastoma of the temporal bone is extremely rare. We reviewed five cases of chondroblastoma arising in the temporal bone. Four cases were female and one was male. The ages ranged from 41 to 60 years (mean, 53.6 years). All cases involved the temporal bone. Three involved the left side and two the right. Chief complaints were long-standing localized pain and hearing difficulty. A sharply demarcated lobulated mass was the main radiological finding. Microscopic findings were those of chondroblastoma of usual locations. Two cases showed aneurysmal bone cyst-like areas. Immunohistochemical studies for CD34, CD99, S-100 protein and cytokeratin were performed. Tumor cells were diffusely positive for S-100 protein in three cases and weakly positive for cytokeratin in one case. CD34 and CD99 were negative in all cases. In summary, chondroblastoma of the temporal bone is rare and occurs in older age group than reported cases of chondroblastoma of the usual location in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Clinical characteristics of metachronous bilateral testicular tumors in the chemotherapeutic era.

We wanted to present the results of our experience with bilateral testis tumor and to suggest the effects of chemotherapy in suppressing the development of second primary testicular tumors. Between 1978 and 1997, 2,345 patients were treated for testicular tumor at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Of these, 2,107 had germ cell cancers. There were 22 (0.94%) cases of bilateral testicular tumor in the overall patient population and 21 (1.0%) cases among patients with germ cell cancer. We reviewed the medical records to determine the incidence of the histological subtype, the incidence of metachronous versus synchronous formation of contralateral tumors, and tumor stage in this patient population. We also examined the effect of chemotherapy in treating the first tumor and preventing the occurrence of a second tumor. Finally, we compared the effect of ultrasonography, serum tumor marker elevation, and physical examination in detecting second tumors. Only one contralateral germ cell tumor developed synchronously; all others developed metachronously. Fifty percent of first tumors were seminomas, compared to 55% of second tumors. The histologic concordance rate for first and second tumors was 35%. Tumor stage was higher among first tumors than second tumors. The majority of second tumors in patients who received chemotherapy for first malignancies tended to be metachronous seminomas. Ultrasonography detected 6 of 21 (28.6%) contralateral tumors before they were evident by physical examination or serum tumor marker elevation. Seminomas were more prevalent among patients with bilateral germ cell disease than patients with unilateral disease. Chemotherapy, when used as treatment for first tumors, may have some effect in preventing the development of nonseminomatous germ cell tumors in the contralateral testicle. Close follow-up of the contralateral testis with ultrasonography is essential for early detection of second tumors. The outcome for patients with bilateral testicular germ cell cancer is excellent, secondary to early detection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Immunohistochemical profile of myogenin and MyoD1 does not support skeletal muscle lineage in alveolar soft part sarcoma.

BACKGROUND: The histogenesis of alveolar soft part sarcoma remains elusive. Myogenic origin is favored, although conflicting data on immunohistochemical demonstration of muscle-associated markers exist. Myogenin and MyoD1, transcription factors of the myogenic determination family, have crucial roles in commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells to myogenic lineage and in maintenance of skeletal muscle phenotype. Their immunohistochemical detection is specific in characterization of rhabdomyosarcoma. METHODS: Antibodies for myogenin, MyoD1, desmin, and muscle-specific actin were employed on a large series of cases (n = 19) of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded alveolar soft part sarcoma. RESULTS: Minimal scattered nuclear staining was seen with myogenin. All cases had pronounced, nonspecific granular cytoplasmic immunostaining with MyoD1; nuclei were negative. All tumors were negative for desmin and muscle-specific actin. Ultrastructural study in 10 cases failed to reveal features of skeletal muscle differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Cytoplasmic staining with MyoD1 in alveolar soft part sarcoma may correspond to cross-reactivity with an undetermined cytoplasmic antigen. The lack of immunostaining with myogenin, MyoD1, desmin, and muscle-specific actin provides evidence against a myogenic origin for alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Actins↗

PubMed1999

Collecting duct meningeal carcinomatosis.

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is an aggressive primary renal neoplasm that represents a distinct subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Histochemical (eg, mucicarmine) and immunohistochemical (eg, Ulex europaeus) studies, taken in concert with the gross and histologic findings, allow differentiation of CDC from the conventional varieties of renal cell carcinoma in most cases. Collecting duct carcinoma generally pursues a more aggressive course than conventional renal cell carcinoma. Metastases to regional lymph nodes, bone, adrenal glands, lung, and skin have been reported in CDC. We describe the case of a 26-year-old man who presented with a clinical and radiologic impression of multifocal meningioma. Biopsies of the meninges and extracranial soft tissues revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma; subsequent studies suggested metastatic CDC. Ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed on a subsequently identified renal mass, which showed features consistent with CDC. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of meningeal carcinomatosis due to CDC. The diagnostic features of this tumor are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Clonal analysis of a solitary follicular nodule of the thyroid with the polymerase chain reaction method.

Solitary follicular nodules of the thyroid occasionally create a diagnostic problem, especially in the differential diagnosis between adenoma and nodular hyperplasia To obtain confident histologic parameters of clonal lesions, we analyzed DNA samples prepared from paraffin-embedded archival tissue from 20 solitary follicular nodules of the thyroid for clonality with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. On the base of X chromosome inactivation mosaicism, we tested restriction fragment-length polymorphism of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene and a highly polymorphic short tandem repeat of the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) gene. Of 18 informative cases, 10 were monoclonal, 7 were polyclonal, and 1 showed microsatellite instability. All of the five completely encapsulated nodules were monoclonal. Four of the five unencapsulated nodules showed polyclonality. Of the seven partially encapsulated nodules, four were monoclonal, and the others were polyclonal. The former showed 50% or more of encapsulation degree, whereas the latter showed less than 50%. The capsule tended to be thicker in monoclonal nodules (mean, 0.33 mm) than in polyclonal nodules (mean, 0.13 mm). Other histologic features of the nodules and surrounding parenchymal changes had no significance with respect to predicting clonality. This study suggests that the degree of encapsulation and capsular thickness are morphologically important for predicting the clonality of the thyroid nodule.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Benign nevus cell aggregates in the thymus: a case report.

Aggregates of benign nevus cells occurring in lymph nodes are a well-described incidental finding. Nevus cell aggregates (NCAs) can mimic foci of metastatic carcinoma or other disease processes, so the surgical pathologist should be familiar with this lesion. The purpose of this report is to describe the potential diagnostic difficulties created by benign NCAs within the thymus of a 32-year-old man with dysplastic nevus syndrome and malignant melanoma involving mediastinal lymph nodes and the right lung. Morphologically, the NCAs in this case elicited the differential diagnoses of metastatic melanoma and thymoma. Immunohistochemical studies helped to establish the correct diagnosis by demonstrating reactivity for S-100 protein and negative staining for keratin and HMB-45. Unlike malignant melanomas, NCAs show no p53 protein immunoreactivity, and low proliferative activity was detected by Ki-67 antigen immunostaining. Although melanocytic cells were rarely reported in thymic neoplasms, we are not aware of any previous reports of NCAs occurring in the normal thymus.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

A pilot clinical laboratory trial of paclitaxel and endobronchial brachytherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Paclitaxel enhances microtubule assembly and causes a cell cycle arrest in mitosis, the most radiosensitive phase. We conducted this study to improve our understanding of paclitaxel effects in vivo and to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel preceding endobronchial radiation therapy (brachytherapy). The treatment consisted of two cycles of paclitaxel infused over 24 hours followed by 192Ir brachytherapy; cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. Tumor samples were obtained at baseline, after each paclitaxel infusion, and 3 weeks after completion of therapy. Twenty-two non-small cell lung cancer patients with a documented endobronchial lesion were enrolled in the study and 20 patients received the therapy with different doses of paclitaxel, initially without and then later with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support (5 microg/kg subcutaneously on days 3 to 10). With the starting paclitaxel dose of 135 mg/m2, five of seven patients developed neutropenia and fever, which mandated a dose reduction to 120 mg/m2. At this dose level, three of three patients had neutropenic fever; thus, 120 mg/m2 of paclitaxel was considered above the maximum tolerated dose without G-CSF support. However, with G-CSF support the therapy was well-tolerated without dose-limiting toxicity and accrual is continuing at the paclitaxel 175-mg/m2 dose level. While no patient had achieved systemic tumor response, 11 patients achieved partial response of the endobronchial lesion, which represents 68.8% of 16 patients who received two courses of therapy and 91.8% of 12 patients who had full evaluation by bronchoscopy after completion of therapy. The in vivo paclitaxel effects were studied using the pre- and post-paclitaxel therapy tumor samples in eight patients. Four (50%) patients had a significant increase in mitotic cells after paclitaxel, as assessed by MPM-2 immunostaining that recognizes a large family of mitotic phosphoproteins. A substantial increase in the number of micronucleated apoptotic cells, another paclitaxel effect, was also found in six patients. These results clearly indicate that patients with endobronchial lesions from recurrent NSCLC could not tolerate this combined modality regimen without G-CSF support. However, this group of patients provided a unique opportunity to study in vivo paclitaxel effects in a clinical trial setting.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the bladder: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

Although rare, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can metastasize to the bladder. When this occurs, it might complicate diagnosis. Morphologically, RCC can be confused with transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs), especially those exhibiting clear cell features, and also with other bladder tumors, such as paragangliomas and metastatic melanomas. We report seven cases of RCC metastatic to the bladder that occurred in 6 men and 1 woman who were 35 to 69 years old. The most common presenting symptom was the reappearance of hematuria, which developed from 2 to 131 months (mean, 41.3 mo) after the removal of the primary RCC. In all of the patients, the metastatic RCC involved multiple organs; no case had an isolated metastasis to the bladder. The prognosis was poor, and five patients died of disease between 4 and 24 months (mean, 12.8 mo) after diagnosis of the metastasis to the bladder. The remaining two patients were lost to follow-up. All of the tumors were conventional clear or "granular" cell RCCs, with nuclear grades of 2 or 3. In five patients, metastases were confined to the lamina propria, but in two patients, tumors involved the muscularis propria as well. A comparative immunohistochemical study showed that metastatic RCCs were positive for CAM5.2, vimentin, and Leu-M1, and negative for cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 7, 34betaE12, carcinoembryonic antigen, S-100 protein, HMB45, and chromogranin. Classic and clear cell TCCs were positive for all of the cytokeratins and carcinoembryonic antigen and negative for vimentin. Paragangliomas were positive for chromogranin and showed scattered positivity for the S-100 protein in the sustentacular cells. Metastatic melanomas were positive for S-100 protein and HMB45. The histologic appearance of RCC, particularly the delicate fibrovascular stroma with abundant sinusoidal vessels, is a feature that can be used to recognize the tumor. When there is difficulty diagnosing metastatic RCC, TCC, or other tumors in the bladder, the immunohistochemical findings can assist in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Correlation of methylation of the hMLH1 promoter with lack of expression of hMLH1 in sporadic gastric carcinomas with replication error.

Recent studies have demonstrated that the majority of sporadic colorectal carcinomas with replication error (RER) do not harbor mutations of the hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes that account for about 70% of hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. Despite the absence of mutations of the hMLH1 gene, the majority of RER-positive sporadic colorectal carcinomas lack hMLH1 protein expression, which have been reported to be related to hypermethylation of the promoter region of hMLH1 gene. High frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) has been observed in about 15% of sporadic gastric carcinomas. The relationship of tumor MSI, methylation of promoter regions of hMLH1 or hMSH2, and expression of corresponding gene products has not been studied in gastric carcinomas as thoroughly as in colorectal carcinomas. We explored the relationship between methylation of hMLH1 or hMSH2 promoter regions and its protein expression in both RER-positive and RER-negative gastric carcinomas. Of 93 cases, 20 cases comprised the RER+ group (MSI-H tumors) and the remainder comprised the RER- group (7 cases, MSI-L; 66 cases, MSS). By immunohistochemistry absence of hMLH1 protein expression was limited entirely to the RER+ group (20 of 20, 100%). All 93 cases showed hMSH2 protein expression. Nineteen (95%) of 20 RER+ tumors harbored hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter region whereas only four cases (5.5%) of the 73 RER- tumors did. Hypermethylation of the hMSH2 promoter region was not observed in either the RER+ group or the RER- group. These results suggest that hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter region may be the principal mechanism of gene inactivation in sporadic gastric carcinomas with a high frequency of MSI.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗

PubMed1999

P53 expression and polysomies of chromosome 9, 17 in head and neck cancer prognosis.

Sixty-nine cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemistry for p53 and chromosome in situ hybridization for chromosome 9 and 17 to determine the relationship between p53 expression and polysomies of chromosome 9 and 17 with the development of a second primary tumor as well as recurrence of primary tumor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We found early expression of p53 in the normal and premaligant lesions adjacent to tumor which was associated with a gradual increase in the fraction of positive nuclei as well as numbers of cancer. We also found statistically significant increments of polysomies of chromosome 9 and 17 in terms of the polysomy index seen through the histologic changes occurring during multistep tumorigenesis. Our results could not demonstrate statistically significant correlation between p53 expression and PI 9 and 17 in tumorigenesis. Interestingly, however, there was a strong correlation between p53 expression and second primary tumor as well as recurrence of primary tumor. The p53 expressed group had a seven fold increased incidence in developing second primary tumor and a two and a half times increased incidence for recurrence of primary tumor, compared to the non-expressed group. We conclude that p53 expression and polysomies of chromosome 9 and 17 have an important role in multistep tumorigenesis in HNSCC. There was no significant correlation between p53 expression and polysomies of chromosome 9 and 17. However, the expression of p53 was statistically significant for association with second primary tumor and recurrence of primary tumor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1999

Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor: a clinicopathologic study of 24 cases.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs), rare in extrapleural sites, can present difficulties in diagnosis at these locations. From the files of the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, we accessed 24 cases of extrapleural SFT (14 females, 10 males, ages 19 to 85 yr) obtained for clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and follow-up findings. Tumor locations included the head and neck (n = 12), the abdomen (n = 10), and the extremities (n = 2). Tumors were 2 to 25 cm in greatest dimension (mean, 8.2 cm) and were well circumscribed or encapsulated. Histologic features were typical of their pleural counterparts, e.g., bland spindle cells with some hypercellular areas and myxoid to hyalinized backgrounds. A hemangiopericytic vascular pattern was present in 19 cases and prominent in 11. Mitotic activity ranged from 0 to 4 counts per 10 high-power fields. Necrosis was seen in two cases. Focally increased cellularity was seen in seven cases and margins were positive in another seven cases. Spindle cells were positive for vimentin (19 of 19) and CD34 (18 of 20), and negative for cytokeratin (0 of 19). Fibroblastic differentiation was present in the three cases studied by electron microscopy. Flow cytometry in three cases revealed diploid cell populations. Follow-up for 19 cases (9 to 99 mo) revealed no evidence of metastasis, although one patient had residual tumor after an incomplete excision, and one patient died of unrelated causes. Histologic findings such as mitotic counts, necrosis, cellularity, and marginal status were not associated with outcome. We conclude that extrapleural SFTs are clinically and histologically similar to their pleural counterparts. Although the length of clinical follow-up was short (mean follow-up, 41.4 mo), recognizing these lesions is important because they typically follow an indolent clinical course if completely excised. Although CD34 is nonspecific, it is usually positive in SFTs and may aid in their diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Clinicopathologic characteristics of replication error-positive gastric carcinoma.

Microsatellite instability (MI), an expansion or contraction of microsatellites, is a manifestation of replication errors (RERs) that is recognized as performing an important role in carcinogenesis in a proportion of gastric carcinomas. We analyzed 96 cases of sporadic gastric carcinomas for the occurrence of MI in BAT-26 and other six microsatellite loci. Gastric carcinomas with BAT-26 alteration demonstrated a higher proportion of unstable loci in other examined microsatellites than did gastric carcinomas without BAT-26 alteration. We classified gastric carcinomas with BAT-26 alteration as RER+ and compared the RER status with their clinicopathologic features. Ten (10.4%) of 96 gastric carcinomas showed RERs: 2 (7.7%) of 26 early gastric carcinomas and 8 (11.4%) of 70 advanced gastric carcinomas were RER+. RER+ gastric carcinomas were significantly associated with older age, elevated gross type (Borrmann Type 2 or EGC IIa), expanding growth pattern (Ming's classification), and minimal desmoplasia. Although statistically not significant, RER+ gastric carcinomas showed more frequent intestinal type (Lauren's classification), more antral involvement, and lower lymph node metastasis than did RER- gastric carcinomas. There was no association between RER status and intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration or histologic differentiation. In conclusion, RER+ gastric carcinomas demonstrated distinct clinicopathologic features, and BAT-26 was a useful marker for assessing the RER status of gastric carcinomas.

Adult↗