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Biomedical subjects

J Xu

Publications and source records attributed to J Xu.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Improving effect of rhizoma Gastrodiae on learning and memory of senile rats].

After giving Rhizoma Gastrodiae to aging rats continuously for 3 months, the process of their learning and memory was observed through step-down test and the content of lipid peroxides (LPO) was determined. It has been found out that Rhizoma Gastrodiae can effectively improve the ability of learning and memmory of these rats and reduce the content of LPO. The result may indicate that it is by clearing away the free-radicals that Rhizoma Gastrodiae improves the brain function.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical trial of oral etoposide in the treatment of malignancies].

From June 1993 to April 1994, a multi-centre prospective clinical trial was conducted to evaluate efficacy of domestic oral etoposide in the treatment of malignancies. One hundred and ten evaluable patients were assessed for both response and toxicity. Oral etoposide was given as single agent in 50 patients, including 18 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 18 with malignant lymphoma (ML), 8 with gastric cancer and 6 with ovarian cancer. The response rate was 50% in SCLC, 83.3% in ML, 16.7% in ovarian cancer and 0 in gastric cancer. Sixty patients were treated with combination chemotherapy containing oral etoposide. There were 45 patients in the control group. The response rates in the treated and control groups were 57.1% and 55.6% in SCLC, 95% and 87.5% in ML, 20% and 0 in gastric cancer, respectively. Oral etoposide was well tolerated by the majority of patients. In conclusion, oral etoposide has definite antitumor activity in SCLC, ML and ovarian cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

280 cases of hyperplasia of mammary gland treated by ru he chong ji.

280 patients with hyperplasia of mammary gland were treated by Ru He Chong Ji, a breast nodule granular dissolvable agent. Thirty-one were cured, 117 markedly improved, 119 improved, and 13 showed no change. The rate of cure and marked effectiveness was 52.86%, with a total effective rate of 95.36%. The agent is also effective for treatment of depression of liver-energy and menoxenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Experimental study of sodium hyaluronate products on prevention of tendon adhesion].

In an experiment sodium hyaluronate product (SHP) was used to observe its effects on healing and preventing adhesion of rabbit muscle tendon. Several methods were used such as gross and histopathological observation, imaging analysis, anti-tension strength measurement. The results confirmed that SHP could reduce collagen contents in peri-tendon tissues and fibroblasts after surgery and decrease the formation of scars in peri-tendon tissues. Therefore, it is effective in preventing muscle tendon adhesion and improving slide function of muscle tendon. Besides, it does not hinder muscle tendon healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[An improved technique for preserving the nipple sensation in McKissock reduction mammaplasty].

An improved technique for preserving the nipple sensation in McKissock's reduction mammaplasty is described. Altogether four patients (seven breasts) have been operated on, and the primary results are highly satisfactory. The advantages of this technique are as followings: 1) The fourth lateral cutaneous nerve of the thorax, which mainly innervates the nipple, is preserved. All the patients retain the tactile sensation and the erectile reaction of the nipple after mammaplasty. 2) The operation is so modified that the suture line is smooth and has less tension. 3) The procedure ensures that both breasts are symmetrical after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Oleyl oleate synthesis by immobilized lipase from Candida sp.1619.

The effect of 14 different lipases on oleyl oleate synthesis were compared. The lipase from Candida sp.1619 had the highest esterification activity. The lipase was immobilized by adsorbing it on celite with 0.1 (w/w) coconut oil, Tween 80, and 1% (w/w) MgSO4 as coimmobilizing agents. The initial esterification velocity of the immobilized lipase was 1.5 times faster than the one without co-immobilized agents added. The optimum temperature for oleyl oleate synthesis was 30 degrees C. The final esterification rates were over 90%, while the reaction temperature ranged from 0 degrees C to 60 degrees C. It attained 10.25% esterification activity even at 100 degrees C. The optimum pH for esterification was 6.0. By means of dehydration, the final esterification rate reached 99%. Among 23 kinds of organic solvents added, hydrophobic alkanes promoted esterification, especially isooctane, n-nonane, and n-hexane. In batch reaction, half-lives of the immobilized lipase was 990 hours at 28 degrees C. The esterification rate remained 78% after running in continuous-flow column reactor at 28 degrees C for 1,000 hours.

Candida↗
PubMed1995

[Experimental research on porcelain fused to the surface of pure titanium and titanium alloys].

Titanium material has been widely used in prosthodontics since the end of 1980s. However, the research on porcelain fused to the surfaces of titanium material was quite few. This article introduced the technological process of low-fusing dental porcelain--Ceratin fused to pure titanium and titanium alloys. The values of the bond strength of Ceratin and titanium substrates were obtained by shearing test with INSTRON Model-1185. The average value of the shearing strength between TA2 and Ceratin was 31. 01MPa. The corresponding value between TC4 and Ceratin was 33.73MPa. The interface between Ceratin and titanium substrate was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this research proposed that it is hopeful that Ceratin is used as special procelain with titanium material.

Dental Porcelain↗
PubMed1995

[The role of endothelin the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].

To evaluate the role of endothelin in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, seven pigs (50 +/- 5kg) models with hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension were established. Swan-Ganz catheter and arterial catheter were inserted into the pulmonary artery and aorta, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac output (CO) and arterial blood gases were monitored before and during hypoxia and 5 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min after nitrendipine injected (100 micrograms/kg). Plasma endothelin concentration was measured by RIA. It was found that plasma ET concentration was significantly increased, from 5.5 +/- 1.1 ng/L during normoxia to 11.9 +/- 1.2 ng/L during hypoxia (PaO2 = 5.55 +/- 0.24 kPa) (P < 0.002), while PAP increased from 3.88 +/- 0.10 kPa to 5.92 +/- 0.19 kPa. After nitrendipine injection, PAP and ET level were decreased by 1.03 kPa (P < 0.05) and 40% (P < 0.02) respectively compared with those with pure hypoxia. Our results indicate that ET may play an important role in the development of hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension. Ca++-channel blocker nitrendipine not only relieves hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, but also inhibits the release of endothelin.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The role of endothelin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the development of asthma sarcoidosis].

In order to investigate the interaction of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and their activity in the pathogenesis of asthma, ET-1 plasma and BALF levels were measured, and the amount of TNF-alpha released from alveolar macrophage (AM) was also tested. As in vitro the airway smooth muscle cells were stimulated with TNF-Alpha, the release of ET-1 was also observed. The results showed that the amount of ET-1, TNF-alpha were both increased than in the control group, at the same time, TNF-alpha could stimulate smooth muscle cells to secrete ET-1. We concluded that the release of ET-1 induced by TNF-alpha might play a certain role in development of airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of the active components of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb. on the inductive production of tumor necrosis factors by macrophages].

The authors set up a screening system for the detection of TNF inducers. By using this model 36 traditional Chinese medical herbs from 28 families were studied. Seven herbs from 7 families were found to be active in the TNF induction. Among them Ranunculus Ternatus (RT) is the best one. The active components of RT were isolated from the crude extract by solvent extraction and column chromatography. Eleven fractions were obtained. RT-A2, one of the active components, is a white crystal and its IR spectrum is similar to Standard Infrared Grating Spectra No. 28344K. Therefore, RT-A2 may be identified as a fatty acid (palmitic acid). Its optimum dose of inducing TNF is 50 micrograms/ml in vitro. TNF induced in the cell culture was demonstrated by monoclone antibody neutralizing test.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A role of oblique flashlight test in screening for primary angle closure glaucoma].

PURPOSE: To study the effect of oblique flashlight test in screening for primary angle closure glaucoma. METHOD: Two hundred adults over 50 years old were sampled randomly at Doumen county of Guangdong province in 1995. 390 eyes were measured by oblique flashlight test according to grading standard photos of oblique flashlight test. Other ocular examinations consisted of intraocular-pressure measurement with Schiotz tonometer, gonioscopy, and optic disc appearance. RESULTS: The result showed 25.2% of the examined eyes had the oblique flashlight grade < or = 2, and tended to be increasing with age (x2 = 8.597, P < 0.05) and in females (x2 = 14.89, P < 0.01). Based on temporal anterior chamber angle < or = 2 (Shaffer's grade), the obligue flashlight grade < or = 2 found that occludable angle sensitivity was 91.7%, specificity was 91.5%, and 8.16% of the eyes had primary closure angle glaucoma. No patient was found in oblique flashlight grades > or = 3. CONCLUSION: This study shows that oblique flashlight test conforms to screening test needs, and plays an important role in screening for primary closure angle glaucoma. We suggest that oblique flashlight grades < or = 2 as cutoff point of screening for occludable angle.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Germline BRCA1 mutations and loss of the wild-type allele in tumors from families with early onset breast and ovarian cancer.

The BRCA1 gene on human chromosome 17q21 is responsible for an autosomal dominant syndrome of inherited early onset breast/ovarian cancer. It is estimated that women harboring a germline BRCA1 mutation incur an 85% lifetime risk of breast cancer and a greatly elevated risk of ovarian cancer. The BRCA1 gene has recently been isolated and mutations have been found in the germline of affected individuals in linked families. Previous studies of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in breast tumors have been carried out on sporadic tumors derived from individuals without known linkage to BRCA1 and on tumors from linked families. Loss of large regions of chromosome 17 has been observed, but these LOH events could not be unequivocally ascribed to BRCA1. We have studied 28 breast and 6 ovarian tumors from families with strong evidence for linkage between breast cancer and genetic markers flanking BRCA1. These tumors were examined for LOH using genetic markers flanking and within BRCA1, including THRA1, D17S856, EDH17B1, EDH17B2, and D17S183. Forty-six percent (16/34) of tumors exhibit LOH which includes BRCA1. In 8 of 16 tumors the parental origin of the deleted allele could be determined by evaluation of haplotypes of associated family members; in 100% of these cases, the wild-type allele was lost. In some of these families germline mutations in BRCA1 have been determined; analyses of tumors with LOH at BRCA1 have revealed that only the disease-related allele of BRCA1 was present. These data strongly support the hypothesis that BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1994

Intact and functional fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-1 trafficks near the nucleus in response to FGF-1.

Exogenous fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) associates with the nucleus in a receptor-dependent manner during the entire G1 period of the BALB/c 3T3 cell cycle (Zhan, X., Hu, X., Friesel, R., and Maciag, T. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 9611-9620). To further study the role of the FGF receptor (FGFR) during this translocation, the intracellular fate of FGFR-1 protein and enzymatic activity was examined. Immunoprecipitation using multiple FGFR-1 antibodies followed by an in vitro tyrosine kinase activity assay enabled us to identify FGFR-1 as a 130-kDa phosphotyrosine-containing protein associated with the nuclear fraction of NIH 3T3 cells exposed to FGF-1. While FGFR-1 tyrosine kinase activity could be detected as a nuclear-associated protein after a 2-h exposure of the NIH 3T3 cells to FGF-1, this activity appeared to be maximal in the nuclear fraction between 4 and 12 h after FGF-1 treatment. In addition, analysis by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy of quiescent and FGF-1-stimulated NIH 3T3 cells reveal a prominent perinuclear FGFR-1 staining pattern in the cells exposed to FGF-1 but not in the quiescent population. We also observed FGFR-1 associated with the nuclear fraction in FGFR-1-transfected L6 rat myoblasts, which are known to be refractive to exogenous FGF-1 and express relatively low levels of endogenous FGFR-1. In addition, these cells also exhibited the presence of a 145-kDa phosphoprotein in the nuclear fraction that was recognized by FGFR-1 antibodies. These results suggest that the FGFR-1 may be translocated near the nucleus upon interaction with its ligand during the entire G1 period of the NIH 3T3 cell cycle as a structurally intact and functional tyrosine kinase that may be accessible to perinuclear polypeptides as a regulatory enzyme.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1994

Fractal geometry study of DNA binding proteins.

The main aim of this paper is to search for three-dimensional structure homology between DNA-binding proteins. The run of a protein's main chain is depicted by a sequence, which is constituted by the fractal indices, where each index describes how twisted or extended a partial protein segment is. Two proteins are compared by constructing a dot matrix between two such sequences, and the matrix is searched for dot-concentrated rectangles which is an indication of tertiary homology. This new method is applied to DNA-binding proteins which are selected from Brookhaven Protein Data Bank, among which most contain a helix-turn-helix motif. The dot-matrix shows that there is tertiary homology between two motifs. Other interesting results are also presented in this paper.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of potential functional regions using local degeneracy: mutational hotspots in human factor IX are localized in high-degeneracy regions.

To study the relationship between the potential functional regions with the primary amino acid sequence, we introduced a new factor termed local degeneracy to analyze the degree of the degeneracy in a given segment of the protein. Using the defined local degeneracy, we have analyzed the human coagulation Factor IX (Christmas factor) which is an essential component of the clotting cascade. The mutational hotspots in Factor IX are primarily distributed in the high-degeneracy regions, suggesting a direct correlation of the functional regions with high degree of the degeneracy. This method may be useful to predict and to evaluate potential functional domains of a protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Fluorescence-based resource for semiautomated genomic analyses using microsatellite markers.

To facilitate the practical application of highly efficient semiautomated methods for general application in genomic analyses, we have developed a fluorescence-based microsatellite marker resource. Ninety highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were combined to provide a rapid, accurate, and highly efficient initial genome-wide screening system. These markers are spaced on average every 33 cM, with a mean heterozygosity of 81% (range 65-94%), covering 22 autosomes and the X and Y chromosomes. Less than 10% of the genome lies beyond 20 cM of the nearest marker. Since this genomic analysis system is fully compatible with automated fragment analyzers using simultaneous four-color fluorescence-based detection systems, the 5 groups of 18 markers can be detected concurrently. This multiplex detection provides a through-put of 1944 genotypes daily per instrument. This system will be highly beneficial in a number of clinical and research applications including linkage, cancer genetics, forensics, and cytogenetics.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Evidence for a locus regulating total serum IgE levels mapping to chromosome 5.

Genetics studies of total serum IgE levels were performed since high IgE levels correlate with clinical expression of allergy and asthma. Families ascertained through a parent with asthma were genotyped for markers on 5q where there are multiple candidate genes that may influence the control of IgE and inflammation. Evidence for linkage of the IgE phenotype to 5q was obtained by both sib-pair and lod score analysis with evidence for recessive inheritance of high IgE levels from segregation analysis. These findings represent a major step in mapping genes important in the regulation of allergic responses and the pathogenesis of asthma.

Adult↗