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Biomedical subjects

J Xie

Publications and source records attributed to J Xie.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Nutritional habits and serum lipid levels in a low-fat intake Chinese population sample.

The dietary intake of macronutrients and of specific minerals and vitamins was measured in a low-fat intake adult population living in a rural area in northwestern China. The total intake of fat amounted to +/- 12% of total energy. The P/S ratio was 2.5 and the U/S ratio 3.8. Carbohydrates provide about 75% of total energy. The mean total serum cholesterol was 148 mg/dl in men and 163 mg/dl in women. The mean HDL-cholesterol level was 38.6 mg/dl in men and 39.4 mg/dl in women, confirming the absence of a significant sex difference in HDL-cholesterol in low-fat consuming populations. Triglyceride levels were similar to those of Western populations. For both sexes taken together a positive correlation was found between the serum cholesterol level and saturated fat intake (p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with the P/S ratio (p < 0.05). Calcium intake was low: 346 mg/d in men and 245 mg/d in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Oxygen transfer characteristics in the compact callus aggregates of Rhodiola sachalinensis.

The effective diffusivity of oxygen in compact callus aggregates (CCA) of Rhodiola sachalinensis was extremely small, varying from 0.34 x 10(-11) to 5.4 x 10(-9) m2/s and increasing with particle diameter. The calculated results indicated that severe oxygen limitations occurred in the CCA aggregates. However, the direct determination of the viability of the cells demonstrated that the CCA aggregates contained a high fraction of viable cells. It was suggested that the tissue differentiation or plasmodesmata within the CCA aggregates may provide capillaries for improving transport of oxygen and other nutrients.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed1998

[Myocardial function after fluid resuscitation with addition of anisodamine in severely burned rabbits].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of fluid resuscitation with addition of anisodamine (Ani) on myocardial function in severely burned rabbits. METHODS: III degree burn injury covering 25% total body surface area (TBSA) was produced on rabbits. LVSP, LV +/- dp/dtmax were measured with fluid resuscitation alone, administration of Ani alone, and fluid resuscitation plus Ani before burn, immediately after burn and 1, 3, 5, 7 h after burn. RESULTS: It was showed that myocardial contractility and relaxation were depressed 1 h after burn. Fluid resuscitation alone and administration of Ani alone could significantly improve myocardial contractility and relaxation only within 3 h postburn. With fluid resuscitation plus Ani (5 mg.kg-1), myocardial contractility and relaxation were improved statistically significantly as compared with control group without treatment (P < 0.01), with the values approaching the normal level. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that the administration of Ani (5 mg.kg-1) in addition to fluid resuscitation is beneficial to burn injury, especially to myocardial function, and it provides a promising approach for the future treatment of burns.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Serum type IV collagen and laminin in patients with chronic hepatitis and its clinical significance].

Serum levels of laminin and type IV collagen of 188 patients with different types of viral hepatitis were determined by RIA. Thirty-five blood donors were served as normal control. The results showed that: (1) higher levels of type IV collagen was found in patients with severe chronic hepatitis, post-hepatitis cirrhosis or subfulminant hepatitis; (2) the level of laminin was obviously increased in post-hepatitis cirrhosis and subfulminant hepatitis; (3) there was a positive correlation between the levels of type IV collagen and laminin as well as gamma globulin, and negatively correlated to serum albumin, no correlation with alanine aminotransferase was observed; (4) detecting rate of hepatic fibrosis was increased with combination of serum laminin and type IV collagen examination; (5) serum type IV collagen was more sensitive than that of serum laminin. The results suggest that determination of serum type IV collagen and laminin are useful in diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis, and combination of the two parameters is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Garlic oil induces differentiation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line].

OBJECTIVES: To study the mechanism of garlic oil-induced differentiation of human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. METHODS: Confocal microscopic assay and Northern blot hybridization were used to detect morphological change and gene expression in garlic oil treated human gastric cancer cells (BGC823). RESULTS: Cell growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in nude mice were inhibited dramatically by garlic oil. Garlic oil treatment resulted in cell apoptosis as shown by DNA fragmentation. High expression level of WAF1/p21 and wild type p53 gene was detected in garlic oil-treated cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that differentiation and apoptosis of BGC-823 cell can be induced with garlic oil, and p21 and p53 genes possibly play important role in the process.

Allyl Compounds↗
PubMed1998

[Hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system with von Hippel-Lindau's disease].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system (CNS) when they occucr as a manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau's disease (HLD). METHODS: 174 patients with hemanioblastomas of CNS were reviewed from 1982 to 1995. All patients were verified pathologically. RESULTS: Ten of the patients definitely had HLD. Four patients reported a positive family history. Other 5 patients had retinal angiomas. The following lesions were detected: renal cysts(2 patients), renal tumor (1). Five patients were suspicous. CONCLUSION: Hemangio-blastoma may arise in isolation or as a manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau's disease, and is often multiple in the latter. Enhanced MRI can decrease chances of negative diagnosis for tumor nodules. Microsurgery may be helpful to discover unclear lesions. Patients, especially those with HLD, should be subjected to follow-up and regular MRI examinations for a long time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[A study on the tumor suppressing effect of a specific point mutant p53 minigene in the expression regulated model with a tetracycline-transactivative response promoter].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a tetracycline-regulated expression model and to determine and verify whether a specific point mutant type p53 minigene, containing an Arg-->Leu substitution at amino acid 172, possesses a suppressing effect on human lung cancer. METHODS: The tumor suppressing effects of inducing apoptosis and inhibition of the formation of G418 resistant colonies of the specific point mutated p53 minigene in a structural expression vector on a human cancer cell line PG with preexisting dominant negative p53 were preliminarily verified. Then the specific p53 minigene was sub-cloned into a tetracycline-transactivative controlled expression vector pBPSTR1 by gene recombination methods. Through LipofectaMINE, the vector was transfected into PG cells under the presence of tetracycline (1.0 mg/ml), and the transfectants were screened in the selecting medium containing 1.5 micrograms/ml puromycin, the p53 minigene expression and tumor suppressing effects were studied dynamically in presence/absence (1.0/0 mg/ml) of tetracycline. RESULTS: The specific mutant p53 minigenes had a stronger tumor suppressing effect than wild type p53 minigene on colony formation and transient expression could induce PG cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). The tetracycline transactivative p53 minigene-regulated transgene model was successfully established. When tetracycline was absent, a large amount of apoptosis cells in transgenic passage colonies could be detected. Therefore the tumor suppressing effects were further verified. CONCLUSION: The specific point mutant p53 minigene may be a good candidate for cancer gene therapy. The tetracycline transactivative response promoter was found to be a good regulator of down stream gene expression, this may be useful in future gene therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Hypertension control improved through patient education. Chinese PEP Investigators.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of patient education for hypertension on hypertension control. METHODS: Of 169 eligible patients (systolic blood pressure > or = 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 mmHg), 60 were assigned to educational group (group E, antihypertensive drug treatment with an addition of patient education) and 109 to routine group (group R, antihypertensive drug treatment alone). The average follow-up approximated to 3 years. RESULTS: The blood pressure was reduced from at baseline and sustained in the three-year follow-up by 20/13 mmHg in group E and by 22/13 mmHg in group R. For this similar blood pressure reduction, about 10 mg less of metoprolol and 6 mg less of nitrendipine were used in group E than in group R. The percentage of the patients in whom goal blood pressure (under 160/90 mmHg) was achieved during follow-up was higher and progressively increased in group E (1st year: 65%, 2nd year: 72%) in comparison with in group R (1st year: 45%; 2nd year: 55%). Body weight was significantly reduced by 1.36 and 1.81 kg from at baseline to at the 1st and 2nd year repeated measurements in group E. The significant reduction from at baseline to at the 2nd year was significantly different from that in group R (P = 0.02). For 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, it was decreased in the group E, whereas it was increased in the group R. The cumulative rates of hypertension-related complications were 4.43% in group E and 7.02% in group R (absolute difference = 2.59%, P = 0.48). The rate of missed appointments was somewhat higher in group R (10%) than in group E (7%) during the first year but lower in the 2nd and 3rd year (R vs E: 10% vs 2% in the 2nd year; 8% vs 2% in the 3rd year). Four patients lost to follow-up in group R (6.87%) and 1 patient in group E (1.74%, P = 0.08). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that patient education is of some benefits to the hypertension control.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of etoposide (VP16) in human serum by high performance liquid chromatography].

A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of etoposide (VP16) in human serum has been developed. The samples were added teniposide (VM26) as an internal standard, extracted with ethyl acetate and chromatographed on a reversed phase YWG-C18 column with UV detection at 254 nm. The mobile phase was CH3OH:H2O = 55:45 (V/V). The calibration curve was Y = 0.0160 + 0.034X, r = 0.9991. It was reticlinear in the range between 0.5-50 mg/L. The detection limit was 0.1 mg/L. The average recovery was 95.0% +/- 0.2%. Intra-day and inter-day RSD were 4.16% and 4.76% respectively. From the results it can be concluded that this method is reliable. This method has been used to determine VP16 concentration in patient serum. The data obtained showed that the sensitivity and selectivity of this method were adequate for drug monitoring in clinical research.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of enrofloxacin and it's main metabolite in animal plasma by reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography].

This paper describes a method for determining enrofloxacin (ERFX) and it's main metabolite ciprofloxacin(CPFX), in animal plasma by RP-IPLC simultaneously. Dichloromethane was utilized as an extracting agent of plasma. Chromatographic conditions were ODS column with methanol-25 mmol/L tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (20:80, V/V, pH 3.0) as mobile phase, pipemidic acid as the internal standard and UV detection at 272 nm. With the method established in this paper, the work is done simply, rapidly, sensitively and accurately. It was actually adapted to determine ERFX and it's metabolite CPFX concentrations in plasma and pharmacokinetic studies, and to determine ERFX and CPFX contents in calves plasma successfully for the first time.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[A study on the induction of mutation of paddy rice under space conditions].

Rice seeds were carried into space by the recoverable satellite. After recovery the seeds were sowed on the earth so as to observe the character performance and genetic variation of their later generations. The preliminary results showed that the main characters of the SP1 generation didn't show significant difference from the control. Among the individual plants of the SP2 generation strong broad-spectrum segregation appeared in the 9 main agronomic characters. Mutation frequency is 4.66%. The individual plants of the SP3 generation were obviously correlated with the SP4 generation in the average character values of the 5 main characters. Stable plant strains were obtained in the SP4 generation. The SP5 and SP6 generations were put into control and polt tests. As a conclusion, it may be considered that certain variations of rice seeds induced by the space conditions are heritable to the offsprings, therefore, it can be used as a new method for mutagenic seed breeding.

Genes, Plant↗
PubMed1998

[Effects of hypoxia and qigong on urine malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and circulating endothelial cell in humans during simulated weightlessness].

Changes of lipid hyperoxidation and amount of circulating endothelial cells under simulated weightlessness and factors that may influence these changes were observed in 3 groups of subjects (5 in each group) exposed to 17d - 6 degrees head down bed rest (HDBR), HD-BR+ hypoxia and HDBR + qigong respectively. The results showed: (1) simple HDBR promotes antioxidation activity and attenuates hyperoxidation of lipids, and hypoxia and have some influence on the former but not on the latter; (2) circulating endothelial cells decreased significantly after simple HDBR for 7 d but recovered to normal when HDBR continued for 17 d. Hypoxia showed no influence on this effect while Qigong alleviated it significantly. It suggests that (1)both hypoxia and Qigong have some influence on the promotion of antioxidation activity but have no influence on the production of oxygen free radicals. (2) Qigong shows some antagonistic effect against the attenuation of circulating endothelial cells by HDBR.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed1998

Cloning and characterization of a metal responsive element-containing fragment from the Wilson disease gene locus by junction trapping.

All mammalian metallothionein genes studied to date have several metal responsive elements (MRE) with consensus sequences of TGCRCNC (R, purine) in their regulatory region. MRE-like sequences were also found in many other metal-related genes. To see whether there is also such a sequence at the genetic locus (13q14.3) of Wilson disease, which is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism, junction-trapping method based on the MRE sequence was used. A fragment containing MRE and MRE-like sequences from YAC 27D8 at the WND locus was successfully cloned and mapped back to the YAC by PCR. Presence of such a sequence in the copper transporter gene at the WD locus might imply that it has a possible interesting role in the regulation of WD gene expression.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1998

[Total synthesis of schizandrin, the main active ingredient isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine fructus schizandrae].

In this paper, schizandrin(9), the main active ingredient isolated from Schisandra chinensis, was synthesized from gallic acid by a new route. This route consists of only nine steps, including reductive-coupling reaction of compound(5) and dehydryoxylatic reaction of compound(6) to give compounds(7Z, 7E). By hydroboration, compound (8) was obtained from compound(7Z). With the presence of thallium trifluoroacetate (TTFA) and 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4-benzoquinone (DDQ) compound (9) is obtained from compound (8) by intramolecular nonphenolic oxidative coupling. These compounds were identified by elemental analysis, MS, UV, IR and NMR spectra.

Cyclooctanes↗
PubMed1998

[Synthesis and evaluation of restricted access stationary phases].

The restricted access stationary phase (RAS) are a new type of chromatographic packing material having a hydrophobic interior covered with a hydrophilic barrier. The RAS is used for direct injection in high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of drugs in biological fluids. These stationary phases include internal surface reverse phase, semipermeable surface, shielded hydrophobic phase and mixed functional phase (MFP). A kind of MFP packing material was synthesized from a porous silica gel-introduction of hydrophobic phenyl phase and introduction of hydrophilic diol phase. The MFP of RAS, on which proteins were eluted in the void volume, while the drugs were retained and separated, can be used for direct injection analysis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in serum and plasma. The recovery of the drugs in human serum was almost 100% with good reproducibility.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1998

Ethanol inhibits the potentiation of endotoxin by dibutyryl cAMP and 2-methylthio ATP in vivo.

Ethanol (ETOH) selectively suppressed Escherichia coli endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated, but not dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP)-stimulated upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rat alveolar macrophages (AMs) in vivo (Zhao et al., Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 21:1062-1074, 1997). LPS-induced stimulation of iNOS is inhibited in vitro by db-cAMP and purine-2-Y (P2Y) receptor-mediated agonists. We examined the effect of ETOH on this interaction in rat lung AMs in vivo. Two hours after co-administration of LPS [0.6 mg/kg, intratracheal (i.t.)] with db-cAMP (0.1 mg/kg, i.t.) or 2-methylthio-adenosine-triphosphate (2-mes-ATP) to Sprague-Dawley rats (225 to 250 g) (n = 10 to 24/gp) iNOS messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), iNOS protein, and nitrate and nitrite anions [reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs)] in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf), and the ex vivo incubates of AMs were increased more than when these compounds were given individually to the rats. Co-administration of LPS with the autacoids did not affect LPS-stimulated increases of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) mRNA, but inhibited LPS-stimulated BALf TNF alpha protein and attenuated LPS-mediated decreases of cell-associated TNF alpha. Pretreatment of rats with ETOH (4.5 g/kg, i.p.) or diethyidithiocarbamate (DETC; 5 mg/kg, i.t.), an inhibitor of the nuclear transcription factor NF kappa B (NF-kappaB), 30 min before co-administration of LPS with the autacoids restored iNOS mRNA levels to that obtained with the autacoid alone. Pretreatment of rats with ETOH decreased iNOS protein and RNI below that produced by either compound given individually to the rats. Although pretreatment of rats with DETC also decreased iNOS protein and RNI levels produced by LPS, the levels of both substances were elevated above that of the autacoid alone, LPS-induced upregulation of iNOS mRNA was associated with elevated levels of p65/p50 NF-kappaB in the nucleus of AMs. Neither db-cAMP or 2-mes-ATP affected LPS-stimulated NF-kappaB-DNA binding. Moreover, ETOH and DETC inhibited LPS-stimulated NF-kappaB-DNA binding. We conclude that in rat AMs in vivo: (1) both db-cAMP and P2Y-receptor stimulation summate with, rather than inhibit, LPS-induced upregulation of the iNOS mRNA, protein, and RNI; (2) ETOH and DETC inhibit LPS-induced upregulation of iNOS mRNA only when stimulated through the NF-kappaB pathway; and (3) ETOH inhibits both autacoid and LPS-stimulated formation of iNOS protein by a mechanism independent of its ability to suppress iNOS transcription.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1997

Function of the R domain in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channel.

For a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel to enter its open state, serine residues in the R domain must be phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, and intracellular ATP must bind to the nucleotide-binding folds and subsequently be hydrolyzed. CFTR with its R domain partially removed, DeltaR(708-835)-CFTR, forms a chloride channel that opens independently of protein kinase A phosphorylation, with open probability approximately one-third that of the wild type CFTR channel. Deletion of this portion of the R domain from CFTR alters the response of the channel to 5'-adenylylimidodiphosphate, pyrophosphate, and vanadate, compounds that prolong burst duration of the wild type CFTR channel but fail to do so in the DeltaR-CFTR. In addition, the addition of exogenous unphosphorylated R domain protein, which blocks the wild type CFTR channel, has no effect on the DeltaR-CFTR channel. However, when the exogenous R domain is phosphorylated, significant stimulation of the DeltaR-CFTR channel results; Po increases from 0.10 to 0.22. These data are consistent with a model for CFTR function in which the R domain in the unphosphorylated state interacts with the first nucleotide binding fold to inhibit either binding or hydrolysis of ATP or transduction of the effect to open the pore, but when the R domain is phosphorylated, it undergoes conformational change and interacts at a separate site in the first nucleotide binding fold to stimulate either binding or hydrolysis of ATP or transduction of the effect to open the pore.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗