[The evaluation of mandibular movement kinesiograph and cephalometric radiograph of anterior open bite].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
J X Lin
Publications and source records attributed to J X Lin.
[Electromyography of perioral muscles in the cleft lip and palate patients with crossbite].
In this study, twenty-nine cleft lip and palate patients with anterior crossbite were chosen as study group and twenty-eight normal children, twenty-seven patients with anterior crossbite as the control groups. All subjects were examined with EMG, and found some characters of the perioral muscles activity of the cleft patients. (1) The electromyographic amplitude of the upper lip and chin muscles was higher in cleft patients than that of other two groups during swallowing of saliva (2) Activity of chin muscle in cleft patients and crossbite patients in rest position were higher than that of normal occlusion (3) The Asymmetry index of the activity of upper lip muscle in every functional positions of the cleft patients are higher than ther groups. The abnormal activity of perioral muscles of the cleft patients demonstrate that functional repairment of cleft lip and needed lip bumper are necessary.
Adolescent↗
Nationwide survey of human parasite in China.
A nationwide survey of human parasites in China was conducted during 1988-1992, with a coverage of 30 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (P/A/M). A total of 2,848 pilot sites in 726 counties were selected by random sampling, and 1,477,742 individuals residing on were surveyed by fecal examination. The status of paragonimiasis, hydatid diseases, cysticercosis and trichinellosis were summarized through data review. The overall infection rate of intestinal parasites was 62.6% whereas at provincial level, the highest infection rate (94.7%) was recovered in Hainan, and the lowest (17.5%) in Heilong-jiang. A high proportion (43.3%) of polyparasitism among the infected population (882,080) was revealed. Altogether 56 species of parasites comprising protozoa (19), trematode (16), cestodes (8), nematodes (12) and thorny-headed worm (1) were discovered. During the survey a new species and several new records were documented. The number of the population infected with common intestinal parasites was estimated. The diversities of parasite distribution were noted in different nationalities as well as in varied occupations.
Adolescent↗
Bite-opening mechanics as applied in the Begg Technique.
In the Begg Technique, factors controlling the anterior intrusive force provided by the archwire have yet to be fully clarified. The rationale for bite opening with very light forces, the effect of Class II elastics on intrusive force magnitude and the intrinsic quality of 'Australian' wire in bite opening are examined in this paper. A formula is presented which allows the intrusive force that archwires exert in different individuals to be predicted. The values derived from the formula were compared with case model measurements. It was found that the intrusive force of the archwire was affected by the length of the individual dental arch. The magnitude of this intrusive force was seen to increase gradually during the period of bite opening and appeared to be related to the use of Class II elastics. The study revealed factors which affected the magnitude of the intrusive force.
Dental Arch↗
Characterization of the human interleukin-2 receptor beta-chain gene promoter: regulation of promoter activity by ets gene products.
The interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) beta chain (IL-2R beta) is an essential signaling component of high- and intermediate-affinity IL-2Rs. Our laboratory previously reported that a DNA fragment containing 857 bp of 5'-flanking sequence of the human IL-2R beta gene exhibited promoter activity. We have now further characterized the promoter and delineated cis-acting regulatory regions. The region downstream of -363 is critical for basal and phorbol myristate acetate-inducible IL-2R beta promoter activity and contains at least three enhancer-like regions. Among them, the -56 to -34 enhancer was the most potent and had high-level activity in two T-cell lines but not in nonlymphoid HeLaS3 and MG63 cells. This enhancer contains a GGAA Ets binding site which bound two Ets family proteins, Ets-1 and GA-binding protein in vitro. Mutation of the Ets motif strongly diminished both promoter and enhancer activities. We conclude that this Ets binding site plays a key role in regulating basal and phorbol myristate acetate-inducible IL-2R beta promoter activity and may also contribute to tissue-specific expression of the IL-2R beta gene.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Effect of the vertical force component of Class II elastics on the anterior intrusive force of maxillary archwire.
Class II elastics are usually employed in the treatment of excessive overbite and overjet with the Begg technique. The effect of Class II elastics on bite opening and the extent of such an effect is uncertain. This article, based on measurements of 30 cases, illustrates that the effect of the vertical component of force from Class II elastics in reducing the intrusive force generated by the anchor bands in the upper archwire is less than previously believed. The position of the circles in the archwire for intermaxillary elastics has the greatest influence on the anterior intrusive force of the upper archwire. The direction of the Class II elastics and the length of the dental arch (a negative correlation) came second, while the force actually exerted by the elastics had the smallest influence. It is, therefore, suggested that the position of the intermaxillary elastic circles should be located according to the differing clinical objectives.
Dental Stress Analysis↗
[Application of auxiliary and sectional arch technique to fixed appliances].
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Adolescent↗
[Tip-edge appliance technique].
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Humans↗
[Study of dento-maxillo-facial growth and development on anterior deep bite with linguoversion of upper incisors during permanent dentition].
By means of computer-X-ray cephalometric system to study the dento-maxillo-facial growth and development was performed in 65 patients of anterior deep bite with lingoversion of upper incisors. The patients were divided into two groups: (1) 35 cases aged 12-16 years and (2) 30 cases aged 17-26 years. The same number of the subjects with normal occlusion were used as control group. The findings were as follows: 1. Besides the dento-maxillo-facial growth and development was abnormal vertically, the posterior anterior discrepancy of the growth trend is also one of the main problems in this kind of malocclusion. 2. The growth of the alveolar bone was inhibited anteriorly by the upper incisors; 3. The deformed mandible has the growth trend to rotate forward and upward in Counterclock wise direction so that it is wise to treat of early.
Adolescent↗
[The advances in the edgewise technique].
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Orthodontic Brackets↗
[Factor analysis of anterior deep bite malocclusions and its significance].
A series of 38 measurements was derived from lateral cephalometric radiographs of a large sample of 195 subjects including 130 patients with deep bite malocclusion and 65 control subjects with normal occlusion. These measurements were subjected to a factor analysis which resulted in a series of 8 factors extracted which accounted for 83.3% of the total variance. These factors in rank order of their percentage sample variability were as follows. Factor 1: vertical height; Factor 2: protrusion-retrusion of anterior teeth; Factor 3: protrusion of mid-face; Factor 4: horizontal position of posterior border of the jaws;Factor 5: protrusion of the chin; Factor 6: protrusion of lip; Factor 7: divergence of the face;Factor 8: inclination of upper Lip. The factor scores were further used in a multiple regression analysis in order to predict other cases. The data-reduction method involving a factor analysis would seem to have great significance of clinical application.
Adolescent↗
Interleukin-6 induction by tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in human fibroblasts involves activation of a nuclear factor binding to a kappa B-like sequence.
Using variable-length deletion constructs of the 5'-flanking region of the human interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene, we showed that the region from positions -109 to -50 mediated the bulk of the response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or interleukin-1 (IL-1), while it was less responsive to forskolin. DNA mobility shift assays and DNase I footprinting analysis identified a nuclear protein from TNF- or IL-1-treated fibroblasts that bound to a region comprising a kappa B-like element located between positions -72 and -63 on the IL-6 gene. On the basis of these and other experiments, we conclude that TNF and IL-1 apparently activate IL-6 gene expression by closely related mechanisms involving activation of a NF-kappa B-like factor, whereas the pathway of IL-6 induction by forskolin is, in part, different.
Base Sequence↗
[The importance of variability in morphologic feature of upper central incisors in linguoversion anterior deep over bite].
190 subjects with linguoversioffl anterior deep over bite, labioversional anterior deep over bite, normal occlusion and anterior cross-bite were chosen for cephalometric analysis. The findings are that most of the upper central incisors in linguoversional anterior deep over bite exist crown-root angulation in a labiolingual direction. This may be one of the causing factors to induce and promote the anterior deep over bite. So that the crown-axis and root-axis of the upper central incisors should be traced separately in cephalometric analysis of linguoversional anterior deep over bite.
Adolescent↗
Synthesis of interleukin 6 (interferon-beta 2/B cell stimulatory factor 2) in human fibroblasts is triggered by an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6; also referred to as interferon-beta 2, 26-kDa protein, and B cell stimulatory factor 2) is a cytokine whose actions include a stimulation of immunoglobulin synthesis, enhancement of B cell growth, and modulation of acute phase protein synthesis by hepatocytes. Synthesis of IL-6 is stimulated by interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or platelet-derived growth factor. We examined the role of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent signal transduction pathway in IL-6 gene expression. Several activators of adenylate cyclase, including prostaglandin E1, forskolin, and cholera toxin, as well as the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutylmethylxanthine and the cAMP analog dibutyryl cAMP, shared the ability to cause a dramatic and sustained increase in IL-6 mRNA levels in human FS-4 fibroblasts. Actinomycin D treatment abolished this enhancement. Treatments that increased intracellular cAMP also stimulated the secretion of the IL-6 protein in a biologically active form. Increased intracellular cAMP appears to enhance IL-6 gene expression by a protein kinase C-independent mechanism because down-regulation of protein kinase C by a chronic exposure of cells to a high dose of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate did not abolish the enhancement of IL-6 expression by treatments that increase cAMP. IL-1 and TNF too increased IL-6 mRNA levels by a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Our results suggest a role for the cAMP-dependent pathway(s) in IL-6 gene activation by TNF and IL-1.
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
Enhancement of cAMP levels and of protein kinase activity by tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 in human fibroblasts: role in the induction of interleukin 6.
Although tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) affect many cell functions, the molecular mechanisms of TNF and IL-1 action are not understood. Our present study shows that exposure of human FS-4 fibroblasts to TNF or IL-1 caused a rapid accumulation of intracellular cAMP and an increase in protein kinase activity. Intracellular cAMP levels peaked 3-5 min after the addition of TNF or IL-1 and returned to basal level by 15 min. Increased phosphorylation of histone HII-B protein was demonstrated with extracts prepared from TNF- or IL-1-treated cells, suggesting an increase in cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. No evidence was obtained for protein kinase C activation in TNF-treated FS-4 cells. TNF, IL-1, and forskolin all stimulated interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA levels in FS-4 cells. The protein kinase inhibitor H-8, inhibiting preferentially cAMP-dependent kinase activity, reduced forskolin-stimulated IL-6 mRNA induction more strongly than TNF- or IL-1-driven IL-6 mRNA induction. These results suggest that activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase by TNF and IL-1 is important in some actions of these cytokines. In addition, our data on IL-6 induction by TNF and IL-1 suggest that other, yet unidentified, signal transduction mechanisms contribute to TNF and IL-1 actions on gene expression in human fibroblasts.
Cells, Cultured↗
Interleukin-1 can inhibit interferon-beta synthesis and its antiviral action: comparison with tumor necrosis factor.
Earlier studies showed that both tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL1) can inhibit virus replication in cultured cells. However, in human FS-4 fibroblasts, in which recombinant human TNF protected cells from encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus infection, recombinant human IL1 alpha and IL1 beta failed to induce antiviral protection. Moreover, both forms of IL1 inhibited the development of the TNF-induced antiviral state. To elucidate the mechanism of this inhibition, we examined the effect of IL1 on the synthesis of interferon-beta (IFN-beta), stimulated with polyinosinate.polycytidylate [poly(I).poly(C)]. When added 2 h or more before poly(I).poly(C), both forms of IL1 had a strong inhibitory effect on IFN-beta synthesis, as determined by antiviral assay of the IFN-beta protein or by quantitation of IFN-beta mRNA levels in Northern blot analysis. However, when IL1 was added simultaneously with poly(I).poly(C), or 2 h after poly(I).poly(C), IFN-beta synthesis was increased. The inhibitory action of IL1 on poly(I).poly(C)-induced IFN-beta synthesis was abolished in the presence of cycloheximide, suggesting that it is mediated indirectly by an IL1-induced product in the FS-4 cells. In addition to its ability to inhibit IFN-beta synthesis, IL1 also caused a partial reversal of the antiviral action of IFN-beta. In contrast to IL1, TNF did not inhibit IFN-beta synthesis, nor did it interfere with the antiviral action of IFN-beta. Simultaneous addition of TNF and poly(I).poly(C) to FS-4 cells enhanced IFN-beta synthesis. Under proper conditions TNF and IFN-beta showed an additive antiviral effect.
Blotting, Northern↗